Geosciences, Volume 11, Issue 9

Thanks to the rapid development of technology, the field of soil and rock investigation has made significant progress in recent decades [...]

Drainage basin-scale morphometric analysis and morphological evidence of tectonics represent helpful tools to evaluate and investigate morphoneotectonic processes in tectonically active regions. In this perspective, we applied an integrated analysis...

Gas-emission craters discovered in northern West Siberia may arise under a specific combination of shallow and deep-seated permafrost conditions. A formation model for such craters is suggested based on cryological and geological data from the Yamal...

The Pacific Island States and Territories are traditionally described as ‘small island’ nations. However, they are also ‘large ocean’ nations with jurisdiction over substantial maritime spaces stretching to at least 200 nautical miles. The article ad...

The shift of armed conflicts to more urbanised environments has increased the risk to cultural heritage sites. Small arms impacts are ubiquitous in these circumstances, yet the effects and mechanisms of damage caused are not well known. A sandstone t...

Geodetic Global Navigation Satellite System reflectometry (GNSS-R) uses ground-based signals of opportunity to retrieve sea levels at an intermediate spatial scale. Geodetic GNSS-R is based on the simultaneous reception of Line-of-Sight (LoS) and its...

The presence of minor details of the ground, including soil or rock masses, occurs more frequently than what is normally believed. Thin weak layers, shear bands, and slickensided surfaces can substantially affect the behaviour of foundations, as well...

Jan Mayen is a small volcanic island situated 550 km north of Iceland. Glacial sediments and landforms are relatively common on the island but, so far, only a few of them have been dated. In this study, we present and discuss 89 ³⁶Cl dates of primari...

This paper presents a hydraulic and morphological analysis of the Lower Jamuna in Bangladesh with a focus on two key bifurcations that are important for stabilization of the Lower Jamuna reach. We used ground measurements, historical data, multispect...

Ground motions recorded in near-fault regions may contain pulse-like traces in the velocity domain. Their long periodicity can identify such signals with large amplitudes. Impulsive signals can be hazardous for buildings, creating large demands due t...

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) could significantly contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reaching international climate goals. In this process, CO₂ is captured and injected into geological formations for permanent storage. The injecte...

The rare-earth element (REE) geochemistry of sedimentary deposits has been used in provenance investigations despite the transformation that this group of elements may suffer during a depositional cycle. In the present investigation, we used the geoc...

The application of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) prospecting to the search of fossil structures, particularly using advanced techniques like Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modelling and GPR attribute analysis, is currently poorly exploited in...

At 07:45 a.m. on 2 April 2007, a tsunami hit Ghizo Island, western Solomon Islands in the south-west Pacific. Thirty-three people died on Ghizo, of whom 31 originated from a relatively small migrant Gilbertese community (transmigrated in the 1950s–19...

Sant’Angelo in Criptis (Santeramo in Puglia, South Italy) is a karst cave located in the Alta Murgia National Park (aspiring geopark), presently degraded, but with signs of intense past visiting activity for worship, as testified by the beautiful wal...

Sacred water canals or lakes, which provided water for all kinds of purification rites and other activities, were very specific and important features of temples in ancient Egypt. In addition to the longer-known textual record, preliminary geoarchaeo...

On 3 March 2021, a strong, shallow earthquake of moment magnitude, M_w6.3, occurred in northern Thessaly (Central Greece). To investigate possible complex correlations in the evolution of seismicity in the broader area of Central Greece before the M_w6...

The purpose of this review is, initially, to emphasize the importance of geoenvironmental education for the promotion and preservation of geological heritage and geoethical values, and based on these, to present the current situation in Greece. Geoed...

Altered tephras (K-bentonites) are of great importance for calibration of the geologic time scale, for local, regional, and global correlations, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Thus, definitive identification of individual tephras is critical...

The Cenomanian Mata Amarilla Formation (MAF) in southern Patagonia (~55° S paleolatitude, Austral-Magallanes Basin, Argentina) is composed mainly of stacked fluvial deposits with intercalated paleosols, which document Cenomanian environments at high-...

Distant observation of unique geological and geomorphological features facilitates comprehension and tourism of these important resources. Bridges offer an opportunity for such observation, and the idea of bridge-based geoheritage viewpoints is propo...

Tufa is a fresh-water surface calcium carbonate deposit precipitated at or near ambient temperature, and commonly contains the remains of macro- and microphytes. Many Holocene tufas are found along the Zrmanja River, Dalmatian karst, Croatia. In this...

Climate change is already affecting high mountain regions, such as the European Alps. Those regions will be confronted with a significant rise of temperatures above the global average, and more and heavier rain events, also during wintertime. The sys...

The amplified warming of the Arctic is one of several factors influencing atmospheric dynamics. In this work, we consider a series of numerical experiments to identify the role of Arctic sea ice reduction in affecting climate trends in the Northern H...

Temperature and conductivity fluctuations caused by the hydrothermal emissions released during the degasification stage of the Tagoro submarine volcano (Canary Islands, Spain) have been analysed as a robust proxy for characterising and forecasting th...

For an accurate multiscale property modelling of fractured crystalline geothermal reservoirs, an enhanced characterisation of the geometrical features and variability of the fracture network properties is an essential prerequisite. Combining regional...

Subduction of oceanic crust buries an average thickness of 300–500 m of sediment that eventually dehydrates or partially melts. Progressive release of fluid/melt metasomatizes the fore-arc mantle, forming serpentinite at low temperatures and phlogopi...

Extinction of species has been a recurrent phenomenon in the history of our planet, but it was generally outweighed in the course of quite a long geological time by the appearance of new species, except, especially, for the five geologically short ti...

The climate of the sub-Antarctic is important in understanding the environmental conditions of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. However, regional climate proxy records from this region are scarce. In this study, we present the stable water isotopes...

Nutrient pollution is one of the major issues in water resources management, which has drawn significant investments into the development of many modelling tools to solve pollution problems worldwide. However, the situation remains unchanged, even li...

The biostratigraphy of the Outer Carpathians is based mainly on the ranges of agglutinated foraminifera. Species acmes provide the opportunity to enhance and support the existing biozonations. Assemblages of agglutinated foraminifera from the Campani...

This study investigates the magnitude and direction of stable C and H isotope shifts of n-C_15–30 alkanes from biodegraded oils sourced from Type II (Oil suite S) and Type II/III (Oil suite H) kerogens. Compound-specific isotope data show a 2.0‰ ¹³C-e...

The Cabeço da Ladeira paleontological site in central Portugal became known as the “Jurassic Beach”. Formerly an active quarry, the site was protected in order to preserve the large exposures of a Middle Jurassic (early? Bajocian) carbonate tidal fla...

Propagation models can study the runout and deposit of potential flow-like landslides only if a reliable estimate of the shape and size of the volumes involved in the phenomenon is available. This aspect becomes critical when a collapse has not yet o...

Cosmogenic nuclides are widely used to constrain the landscape history of glaciated areas. At nunataks in continental polar regions with extremely arid conditions, cosmogenic nuclides are often the only method available to date the ice thinning histo...

The Tsushima Lapilli Tuff, the thickest tuff in the Taishu Group on Tsushima Island, underwent a thermal event after deposition, and has not previously yielded a reliable age because various ages have been reported. This study clarifies the eruption...

Diatoms, a common siliceous alga, are effective paleoclimate and pollution indicators. They have been used in northern, eastern, and southern Africa as such because of well-documented ecologies of many taxa. In southwestern Africa, however, the count...

The recognition of underwater dunes has a central role to ensure safe navigation. Indeed, the presence of these dynamic landforms on the seafloor represents a hazard for navigation, especially in navigation channels, and should be at least highlighte...

Evidence of volcaniclastic sedimentation occurs in the first depositional sequence of the sedimentary succession of the Amantea Basin. Volcaniclastic deposits are intercalated in the upper part of a sandstone formation and these show a maximum thickn...

Hurricane Charley made landfall on the Gulf Coast of Florida on 13 August 2004 as a category 4 hurricane, devastating North Captiva Island. The hurricane caused a breach to occur to the southern end of the island, which naturally healed itself over t...

Palynostratigraphy and palynofacies analyses are applied to identify transgressive-regressive sequences and changes in paleoenvironment through the Middle Jurassic–Early Cretaceous succession of the Ramså Basin on Andøya. The conglomerate, the succee...

This study is focused on the mineralogical, chemical, and isotopic characterization of pyrites from the rocks of the Bazhenov Formation (Upper Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous organic-rich shales, Western Siberia, Russia). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)...

Understanding how fast glaciers erode their bedrock substrate is one of the key elements in reconstructing how the action of glaciers gives mountain ranges their shape. By combining cosmogenic nuclide concentrations determined in glacially abraded be...

Applying ArcGIS Online application to geological fieldwork provides an alternative way to teach students. This brief report describes an educational innovation for geological fieldwork with the ArcGIS Online application to examine students’ learning...