Special Issue "Present and Past Submarine Volcanic Activity"

A special issue of Geosciences (ISSN 2076-3263).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2021.

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Riccardo De Ritis
E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Section of Geomagnetism, Aeronomy and Environmental Geophysics, National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology, Roma, Italy
Interests: potential fields; direct and inverse modeling; geophysical and geological data integration; marine and submarine volcanism
Dr. Salvatore Passaro
E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
ISMAR-CNR—National Research Council of Italy, 00146 Roma, Italy
Interests: marine geophysics and geology; marine volcanoes; bathymetry; geo-archaeology (underwater cultural heritage); environmental geology
Special Issues and Collections in MDPI journals
Dr. Alessandra Pensa
E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geological Science, Università Degli Studi Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
Interests: explosive volcanic eruptions; submarine volcanic structures; pyroclastic density currents (PDCs) deposits and flow dynamics; PDCs emplacement temperature estimation; paleomagnetism analysis; charcoal reflectance analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue of Geosciences aims to gather new contributions about underwater investigations and to describe new approaches and results. The collection of different works with new ideas will enhance and update our knowledge of marine and submarine volcanoes. New research on these topics is welcome.

Most of the present and past volcanic activity on the Earth occurred in marine and submarine environments (over 1 million volcanoes) within different geodynamic contexts, the understanding of which plays a key role in plate tectonics theory. Despite this, much of volcanic islands’ underwater structure and submarine volcanism remain almost unexplored because of the difficulty of direct observation of eruptive processes at depth. The relationship between volcanism, tectonics, and seabed morphology represents a key topic to develop and/or refine interpretative geological models of geodynamically complex areas worldwide. Tectonics influences volcanism, and they both affect the seafloor morphology. Therefore, deciphering their relationship through multidisciplinary data integration increases our ability to reach geological-structural reconstructions. In the last several decades, development and advances in exploration geophysics shed new light on the submerged portion of volcanic islands and deep-seated volcanoes. High-resolution geophysical and bathymetric surveys furnished the possibility to develop 2–3D geological models about volcanic structures, their feeding systems, hydrothermal system extension and depth, and made it possible to produce detailed digital elevation models. Therefore, multidisciplinarity is an important tool to investigate deep marine environments which would otherwise be unreachable and to unravel what is going on below sea level.

Dr. Riccardo De Ritis
Dr. Salvatore Passaro
Dr. Alessandra Pensa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Marine geophysics
  • Submarine volcanism
  • Volcanic islands
  • Geophysical data integration
  • High-resolution bathymetry
  • Forward and inverse geophysical modeling
  • Volcano-tectonic evolution

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

Article
Age of Initial Submarine Volcanism in the Paleo-Tsushima Basin and Implications for Submarine Volcanism in the Opening Stage of the Japan Sea in Northern Kyushu
Geosciences 2021, 11(9), 363; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11090363 - 26 Aug 2021
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Abstract
The Tsushima Lapilli Tuff, the thickest tuff in the Taishu Group on Tsushima Island, underwent a thermal event after deposition, and has not previously yielded a reliable age because various ages have been reported. This study clarifies the eruption age and thermal history [...] Read more.
The Tsushima Lapilli Tuff, the thickest tuff in the Taishu Group on Tsushima Island, underwent a thermal event after deposition, and has not previously yielded a reliable age because various ages have been reported. This study clarifies the eruption age and thermal history of the Tsushima Lapilli Tuff based on fission-track (FT) and U–Pb dating of zircon grains using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-LA-MS) and evaluates submarine volcanism during deposition of the Taishu Group in the southwestern Japan Sea, as well as volcanism change on Tsushima Island. This study revealed that thermal events caused rejuvenation in some single-grain FT ages after deposition in the Tsushima Group, and that the eruption age of the Tsushima Lapilli Tuff was 16.2 ± 0.7 Ma; the age of the largest submarine volcanism event in the Taishu Group in Tsushima Island was thus determined. On the basis of our previous studies, this age and tectonism strongly indicate that felsic submarine volcanism occurred between 18 and 16 Ma, accompanied by rapid subsidence, and the volcanism changed from felsic volcanism originating from melting of old continental crust by asthenospheric upwelling to mafic volcanism originating from small-scale lithospheric mantle upwelling from 13.6 Ma onward. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Present and Past Submarine Volcanic Activity)
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Article
The Hydrothermal Vent Field at the Eastern Edge of the Hellenic Volcanic Arc: The Avyssos Caldera (Nisyros)
Geosciences 2021, 11(7), 290; https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11070290 - 13 Jul 2021
Viewed by 850
Abstract
Almost three-quarters of known volcanic activity on Earth occurs in underwater locations. The presence of active hydrothermal vent fields in such environments is a potential natural hazard for the environment, society, and economy. Despite its importance for risk assessment and risk mitigation, the [...] Read more.
Almost three-quarters of known volcanic activity on Earth occurs in underwater locations. The presence of active hydrothermal vent fields in such environments is a potential natural hazard for the environment, society, and economy. Despite its importance for risk assessment and risk mitigation, the monitoring of volcanic activity is impeded by the remoteness and the extreme conditions of many underwater volcanoes. The morphology and the activity of the submarine caldera, Avyssos, at the northern part of Nisyros volcano in the South Aegean Sea (Greece), were studied using a remotely operated underwater vehicle. The recorded time series of temperature and conductivity over the submarine volcano have been analyzed in terms of the Generalized Moments Method. This type of analysis can be used as an indicator for the state of activity of a submarine volcano. Here, we expand the work conducted for the first time in 2018. We present the findings of the geological exploration and the mathematical analysis, obtained from the data collected in October 2010. The temperature and conductivity time series show minor fluctuations in a rather stable environment. Based on these results, the impact of developing appropriate mechanisms and policies to avoid the associated natural hazard is expected to be important. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Present and Past Submarine Volcanic Activity)
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