Symmetry, Volume 13, Issue 10

The pulsed laser deposition process is a complex one, encompassing a wide range of physical phenomena that act at different time scales, ranging from laser absorption to melting, plasma formation, and thin film deposition. In the past 15 years, there...

With the introduction and application of new information technology in manufacturing, various advanced manufacturing models and national strategies have received more and more attention. The goal of cloud manufacturing is to closely link the resource...

A novel computational method to evaluate the Sommerfeld integral (SI) efficiently and accurately is presented. The method rewrites the SI into two parts, applying discrete complex image method (DCIM) to evaluate the infinite integral while using doub...

This paper describes the extended method of solving real polynomial zeros problems using the single-step method, namely, the interval trio midpoint symmetric single-step (ITMSS) method, which updates the midpoint at each forward-backward-forward step...

We give a definition of Green’s function of the general boundary value problems for non-self-adjoint second order differential equation with involution. The sufficient conditions for the basis property of system of eigenfunctions are established in t...

The scientific community has presented various citation classification models to refute the concept of pure quantitative citation analysis systems wherein all citations are treated equally. However, a small number of benchmark datasets exist, which m...

We are interested here in the central organ of our thoughts: the brain. Advances in neuroscience have made it possible to obtain increasing information on the anatomy of this organ, at ever-higher resolutions, with different imaging techniques, on ev...

Expert systems, a form of artificial intelligence (AI), are typically designed to solve many real-world problems by reasoning through knowledge, which is primarily represented as IF–THEN rules, with the information acquired from humans or domain expe...

To compare the variability of two random variables, we can use a partial order relation defined on a distribution class, which contains the anti-symmetry. Recently, Nair et al. studied the properties of total time on test (TTT) transforms of order n...

In this paper, we consider the initial-boundary value problem for the two-dimensional primitive equations of the large-scale oceanic dynamics. These models are often used to predict weather and climate change. Using the differential inequality techni...

In this work, the authors use their contour integral method to derive an application of the Fourier integral theorem given by ${\int }_{-\infty }^{\infty }{\int }_{-\infty }^{\infty }{e}^{mx-my-e^x-e^y+y}{(\log \left(a\right)+x-y)}^{k}dxdy$ in terms of the Lerch function. This integral formula is then used to derive closed...

The paper offers a general symbolic method to study the motion in a non-inertial reference frame. In order to achieve this, we use the algebraic and geometric properties of the Lie group of special orthogonal tensors, ${\mathbf{SO}}_3$, and the Lie group of the ri...

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) station connected to the islanded renewable energy generation system needs to adopt the voltage frequency (VF) control to provide AC voltage. The single-pole converter fault will unbalance the input and output p...

In this paper, the approximated periodic solutions of the circular Sitnikov restricted four–body problem (RFBP) were constructed using the Lindstedt–Poincaré method, by removing the secular terms, and compared with numerical solution. It can be obser...

We review earlier and recent results on the Markov moment problem and related polynomial approximation on unbounded subsets. Such results allow proving the existence and uniqueness of the solutions for some Markov moment problems. This is the first a...

Navarro et al. (2010) proposed the increasing dynamic cumulative past entropy (IDCPE) class of life distributions. In this paper, we investigate some characterizations of this class. Closure and reversed closure properties of the IDCPE class are obta...

Phase change material (PCM) is a substance that can absorb or release sufficient latent heat at phase transition. By encapsulating phase change paraffin in hollow steel balls in the concrete, an energy pile with PCM was innovatively produced to impro...

Nowadays, postural misalignments prevalence in students is increasingly evident and its early detection is the best way to prevent complications in adulthood. It is also known that postural problems appear to have association between them. The aim of...

The system identification of a ship dynamics model is crucial for the intelligent navigation and design of the ship’s controller. The fluid dynamic effect and the complicated geometry of the hull surface cause a nonlinear or asymmetrical behavior, an...

The main objective of this work is to study the possibilities of improving the running safety of a railway wagon with independently rotating wheels by changing their design symmetrically mounted on an axle. The article provides a discussion of the ad...

In this paper, we present an iterative method based on the well-known Ulm’s method to numerically solve Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. We support our strategy in the symmetry between two well-known problems in Numerical Analysis: the...

Motivated by q-analogue theory and symmetric conic domain, we study here the q-version of the Ruscheweyh differential operator by applying it to the starlike functions which are related with the symmetric conic domain. The primary aim of this work is...

A subset J is a $(2$-$d)$-kernel of a graph if J is independent and 2-dominating simultaneously. In this paper, we consider two different generalizations of the Petersen graph and we give complete characterizations of these graphs which have $(2$-$d)$-kernel...

B-DNA, the informational molecule for life on earth, appears to contain ratios structured around the irrational number 1.618…, often known as the “golden ratio”. This occurs in the ratio of the length:width of one turn of the helix; the ratio of the...

Density functional theory (DFT) calculation has been used to study the hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and ring-opening of indole on an M (M = Ni, Pt, Ni–Pt) slab surface. The possible reaction pathway of indole hydrogenation has been investigated in orde...

The bearing capacity of the tunnel structure is the essential basis for the structural safety of tunnel engineering. Due to the unpredictability and uncertainty in the tunnel’s surrounding environment, a systematic and unambiguous study on the bearin...

Vinoth et al. proposed an authenticated key agreement scheme for industrial IoT (Internet of Things) applications. Vinoth et al.’s scheme aimed to protect the remote sensing data of industrial IoT devices under hostile environments. The scheme is int...

The mental rotation (MR) is an abstract mental operation thanks to which a person imagines rotating an object or a body part to place it in an other position. The ability to perform MR was belived to belong to the right hemisphere for objects, and to...

Malaysia is multi-ethnic and diverse country. Heterogeneity, in terms of population interactions, is ingrained in the foundation of the country. Malaysian policies and social distancing measures are based on daily infections and R0 (average number of...

This research paper is dedicated to the study of a class of boundary value problems for a nonlinear, implicit, hybrid, fractional, differential equation, supplemented with boundary conditions involving general fractional derivatives, known as the $\vartheta$-H...

Human attention is limited in the ability to select and segregate relevant distinct events from the continuous flow of external information while concurrently encoding their temporal succession. While it is well-known that orienting attention to one...

The implications of the end effect for flux linkage and thrust ripple in a slot-less long-stator permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (LSPMLSM), are analyzed in this paper. Since it is affected by the end effect, the air-gap magnetic field densi...

Plastic anisotropy significantly influences the behavior of structures subjected to various loading conditions. The extremum principles in the theory of rigid plastic solids are convenient and reliable tools for plastic design. The present paper comb...

The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of change-of-direction (CoD) angle (90° vs. 180°) and the inclusion of acceleration approach on total task time, CoD deficit, and agreement regarding inter-limb asymmetry direction across...

The energy manufacturers are required to produce an accurate amount of energy by meeting the energy requirements at the end-user side. Consequently, energy prediction becomes an essential role in the electric industrial zone. In this paper, we propos...

An uncertain random variable is a tool used to research indeterminacy quantities involving randomness and uncertainty. The concepts of an ’uncertain random process’ and an ’uncertain random renewal process’ have been proposed in order to model the ev...

Facial cognition serves an important role in human daily interactions. It has been suggested that facial shape can serve as a signal for underlining biological condition, and that it is correlated with, among others, health, fertility, and attractive...

Possible dark matter candidates in particle physics span a mass range extending over fifty orders of magnitude. In this review, we consider the range of masses from a few keV to a few hundred TeV, which is relevant for cold particle dark matter. We w...

In this paper, we introduce an inner product on abelian groups and, after investigating the basic properties of the inner product, we first show that each inner product group is a torsion-free abelian normed group. We give examples of such groups and...

In the development process of intelligent construction, the safety assessment of prestressed steel structures as an important research direction has become more and more attractive in academia. Digital twins (DTs) is the key technology to realize int...

An asymmetrical property of the probability weighting function, namely, subproportionality, was derived from observations. Subproportionality can provide a reasonable explanation for accommodating the Allais paradox and, therefore, deserves replicati...

The present paper continues the study on the relatively new concept of fuzzy differential subordination conducted in some recently published cited papers. In this article, certain fuzzy subordination results for analytical functions involving the Ata...

The all-at-once technique has attracted many researchers’ interest in recent years. In this paper, we combine this technique with a classical symplectic and symmetric method for solving Hamiltonian systems. The solutions at all time steps are obtaine...

By means of Clifford Algebra, a unified language and tool to describe the rules of nature, this paper systematically discusses the dynamics and properties of spinor fields in curved space-time, such as the decomposition of the spinor connection, the...

Fuzzy logic is an approach that reflects human thinking and decision making by handling uncertainty and vagueness using fuzzy membership functions. When a human is engaged in the design of a fuzzy system, symmetric properties are naturally preferred....

Numerical approximations of definite integrals and related error estimations can be made using Simpson’s rules (inequalities). There are two well-known rules: Simpson’s $\frac{1}{3}$ rule or Simpson’s quadrature formula and Simpson’s $\frac{3}{8}$ rule or Simpson’s second...

Companies in the same supply chain influence each other, so sharing information enables more efficient supply chain management. An efficient supply chain must have a symmetry of information between participating entities, but in reality, the informat...

The effect of KrF excimer laser irradiation on the optical and electrical properties of epitaxial wafers with a p-GaN surface were investigated at different laser energy densities and pulse numbers. The laser-irradiated samples were annealed in oxyge...

Curves on a polygonal mesh are quite useful for geometric modeling and processing such as mesh-cutting and segmentation. In this paper, an effective method for constructing $C^1$ piecewise cubic curves on a triangular mesh $\mathbb{M}$ while interpolating the give...

In many operational processes, a suitable combination of participating elements has a huge impact throughout the entire process. In the real environment, however, many combinations show less than expected results in the initial stage. In consideratio...