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Crystals, Volume 9, Issue 6

June 2019 - 48 articles

Cover Story: The recent advances in liquid crystal (LC) beam steering devices are reviewed. We first describe the general operation principles of LC beam steerers. Next, we delve into different kinds of beam steering devices and propose a new LC‐cladding waveguide beam steerer using resistive electrodes. Finally, two future challenges are addressed: fast-response beam steering for mid‐wave infrared (MWIR), and large‐angle, high‐efficiency, and continuous beam steering by device hybridization. With new low‐loss polymer network LCs, fast-response transmission‐type optical phased arrays for MWIR can be achieved. View this paper
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Articles (48)

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
5,965 Views
12 Pages

18 June 2019

This paper aims to understand the effect of local recrystallization (RX) on the low cycle fatigue fracture of a turbine-blade single crystal nickel-based superalloy. The fatigue life of the single crystal superalloy was evidently decreased by local r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,669 Views
10 Pages

Topological Phase Transition in a One-Dimensional Elastic String System

  • Ya-Wen Tsai,
  • Yao-Ting Wang,
  • Pi-Gang Luan and
  • Ta-Jen Yen

18 June 2019

We show that topological interface mode can emerge in a one-dimensional elastic string system which consists of two periodic strings with different band topologies. To verify their topological features, Zak-phase of each band is calculated and reveal...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
6,120 Views
8 Pages

Electro-Optical Switching of Dual-Frequency Nematic Liquid Crystals: Regimes of Thin and Thick Cells

  • Olha Melnyk,
  • Yuriy Garbovskiy,
  • Dario Bueno-Baques and
  • Anatoliy Glushchenko

18 June 2019

Conventional display applications of liquid crystals utilize thin layers of mesogenic materials, typically less than 10 µm. However, emerging non-display applications will require thicker, i.e., greater than 100 µm, layers of liquid cryst...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,264 Views
7 Pages

17 June 2019

Low emissivity glass (low-e glass), which is often used in energy-saving buildings, has high thermal resistance and visible light transmission. Heavily doped wide band gap semiconductors like aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) and tin-doped indium oxide...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
6,627 Views
11 Pages

Advanced AlGaAs/GaAs Heterostructures Grown by MOVPE

  • Maxim A. Ladugin,
  • Irina V. Yarotskaya,
  • Timur A. Bagaev,
  • Konstantin Yu. Telegin,
  • Andrey Yu. Andreev,
  • Ivan I. Zasavitskii,
  • Anatoliy A. Padalitsa and
  • Alexander A. Marmalyuk

14 June 2019

AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructures are the base of many semiconductor devices. The fabrication of new types of devices demands heterostructures with special features, such as large total thickness (~20 μm), ultrathin layers (~1 nm), high repeatability (...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,978 Views
14 Pages

Research on Optical Properties of Tapered Optical Fibers with Liquid Crystal Cladding Doped with Gold Nanoparticles

  • Joanna E. Moś,
  • Joanna Korec,
  • Karol A. Stasiewicz,
  • Bartłomiej Jankiewicz,
  • Bartosz Bartosewicz and
  • Leszek R. Jaroszewicz

14 June 2019

This paper presents results obtained for biconical tapered fibers surrounded/immersed in liquid crystal mixtures. The phenomenon of light propagating in the whole structure of a tapered fiber allows the creation of a sensor where the tapered region r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,776 Views
10 Pages

Indium-Incorporation with InxGa1-xN Layers on GaN-Microdisks by Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy

  • ChengDa Tsai,
  • Ikai Lo,
  • YingChieh Wang,
  • ChenChi Yang,
  • HongYi Yang,
  • HueiJyun Shih,
  • HuiChun Huang,
  • Mitch M. C. Chou,
  • Louie Huang and
  • Binson Tseng

14 June 2019

Indium-incorporation with InxGa1-xN layers on GaN-microdisks has been systematically studied against growth parameters by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The indium content (x) of InxGa1-xN layer increased to 44.2% with an In/(In + Ga) flux r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,146 Views
10 Pages

14 June 2019

The formation, dissociation, and reformation of cyclopentane (CP) hydrate in a sub-millimeter-sized capillary were conducted in this work, and the morphology of CP hydrate was obtained during above processes, respectively. The influences of the super...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
7 Citations
5,515 Views
9 Pages

Design of Ionic Liquid Crystals Forming Normal-Type Bicontinuous Cubic Phases with a 3D Continuous Ion Conductive Pathway

  • Takahiro Ichikawa,
  • Yui Sasaki,
  • Tsubasa Kobayashi,
  • Hikaru Oshiro,
  • Ayaka Ono and
  • Hiroyuki Ohno

14 June 2019

We have prepared a series of pyridinium-based gemini amphiphiles. They exhibit thermotropic liquid–crystalline behavior depending on their alkyl chain lengths and anion species. By adjusting the alkyl chain lengths and selecting suitable anions...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
5,259 Views
13 Pages

13 June 2019

Measurements of the solubility and metastable zone width (MSZW) of borax decahydrate (disodium tetraborate decahydrate) within chloride, sulfate and carbonate solutions were carried out. The MSZW was measured by the conventional polythermal method wi...

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Crystals - ISSN 2073-4352