2025 November-2 - 292 articles
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder disease that worsens over time and involves the deterioration of nerve cells in the brain. Gait analysis has emerged as a promising tool for early detection and monitoring of Parkinson’s...
The accurate identification of crop pests and diseases is critical for global food security, yet the development of robust deep learning models is hindered by the limitations of existing datasets. To address this gap, we introduce DLCPD-25, a new lar...
This study presents the development and validation of a low-cost, open-source sensor system for cyclists that automatically detects vehicle overtaking events while simultaneously monitoring air quality. The system integrates multiple ultrasonic senso...
Single-image dehazing suffers from severe information loss and the under-constraint problem. The lack of high-quality robust priors leads to limited generalization ability of existing dehazing methods in real-world scenarios. To tackle this challenge...
Accurate depth estimation is fundamental for underwater applications such as robotics and marine exploration. However, underwater imaging suffers from severe degradation due to light attenuation, scattering, and geometric distortion, which is compoun...
High-voltage (HV) cable systems—particularly those insulated with cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE)—are increasingly deployed in both AC and DC applications due to their excellent electrical and mechanical performance. However, their long-...
Social robots in public cultural venues, such as science museums, must engage diverse visitors through brief, one-off encounters where long-term user modeling is infeasible. This research examines immediately interpretable behavioral cues of a robot...
Deep neural networks have outperformed conventional methods in various fields such as image recognition, natural language processing, and speech recognition. In particular, vision models are widely applied to real-world domains including medical imag...
Predictive maintenance is increasingly important in rotating machinery to prevent unexpected failures, reduce downtime, and improve operational efficiency. This study compares the efficacy of traditional machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) t...
Photoplethysmography (PPG)-based heart rate variability (HRV) offers a cost-effective alternative to electrocardiography (ECG) for autonomic monitoring in wearable devices. We optimized signal processing on a 16-bit microcontroller by comparing 4th-o...
Accurately forecasting traffic congestion on urban expressways remains challenging, especially under unstable flow conditions where conventional machine learning models often suffer from reduced accuracy and interpretability. This study introduces a...
Repeatability accuracy is a key performance metric for robotic arms. To address limitations in existing monocular vision-based measurement methods, this study proposes a likelihood-based pose estimation approach. Our method first obtains initial pose...
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) vision systems have been widely deployed for aerial monitoring applications, yet small-target detection in UAV imagery remains a significant challenge due to minimal pixel representation, substantial scale variations, co...
This study presents the design and implementation of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor in the Kretschmann configuration, employing a gold film deposited on a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate as the SPR chip. The refractive-index...
Aiming at the signal interference and feature recognition difficulties existing in the detection of concealed defects such as cracks and voids behind the tunnel lining, this study carried out a 1:1 reinforced concrete–steel arch frame composite...
Autonomous vehicles represent a transformative technology in modern transportation, promising enhanced safety, efficiency, and accessibility in mobility systems. This paper presents a comprehensive autonomous vehicle system designed specifically for...
Fiber optic vibration identification has significant applications in engineering fields, like security surveillance and structural health assessment. However, present methods primarily depend on either temporal–frequency domain or image feature...
The phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (Φ-OTDR) system is a distributed optical fiber sensing technology capable of measuring weak vibration signals in real time. However, while the use of a narrow-linewidth laser source enhances t...
Enhancing sustainability in agriculture has become a significant challenge today where in the current context of climate change, particularly in countries of the Mediterranean area, the amount of water available for irrigation is becoming increasingl...
Cordyceps sinensis (C. sinensis) is a valuable herbal medicine with wide-ranging applications. However, automating C. sinensis recognition is challenging due to the high morphological similarity and limited phenotypic variation among its subspecies....
The progressive aging of the population requires reliable, non-invasive, and real-time tools to monitor hydration, prevent dehydration-related complications, and promote active aging in elderly patients. Wearable sensors based on interdigitated elect...
Freezing of gait (FoG) is a common motor symptom in advanced Parkinson’s disease, leading to falls, disability, and reduced quality of life. Although cueing systems using visual or auditory stimuli can help patients resume walking, existing sol...
Over the past decade, near-infrared-II (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) fluorescence imaging has become a focal point in tumor imaging due to its advantages of low light scattering, weak biological autofluorescence, extraordinary penetration depth, high...
In the domain of image and multimedia processing, image quality is a critical factor, as it directly influences the performance of subsequent tasks such as compression, transmission, and content analysis. Reliable assessment of image quality is there...
Gait assessment is key in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the psychometric properties of common tests like the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) are not fully established. Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) offer objective gait measures, potentially reduc...
Background: Falls are highly prevalent in older adults with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and stem from a complex interplay of physiological, psychosocial, cognitive, and environmental risk factors. Fall risk assessments rely on in-person visits and occur...
As cyber threats continue to grow in complexity and sophistication, the need for advanced network and sensor security solutions has never been more urgent. Traditional intrusion detection methods struggle to keep pace with the sheer volume of network...
With advances in computing power and deep learning, image-based pose estimation has become a viable tool for quantitative motion analysis. Compared to sensor-based systems, vision-based approaches are cost-effective, portable, and easy to deploy. How...
To address the problem of low detection accuracy caused by uneven brightness distribution in transmission line inspection images under complex lighting conditions, this paper proposes an unsupervised image enhancement method that integrates grayscale...
The explosive growth in Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has given rise to significant security concerns, especially with the emergence of sophisticated and zero-day malware attacks. Conventional malware detection methods based on static or dyna...
Corrosion in metallic materials is a critical challenge in maintenance and safety, and traditional visual inspection methods are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and dependent on human expertise, highlighting the need for more efficient and rel...
In this work, the sensor properties of multilayered Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of tetra-tert-butylphthalocyaninate zinc (tBuZnPc) were studied using an acoustoelectronic method. The morphology and optical properties of the fabricated films were cha...
(1) Aim: This study aims to assess the repeatability and accuracy of a 9-axis IMU-based glove and an IR camera system, in order to determine their potential to replace traditional goniometry. (2) Background: Traditional methods for assessing hand fun...
Reliable decoding of motor imagery (MI) from electroencephalographic signals remains a challenging problem due to their nonlinear, noisy, and non-stationary nature. To address this issue, this work proposes an end-to-end deep learning model, termed T...
Vehicle platoons offer significant benefits in connected vehicle environments, including reduced travel time, increased throughput, mitigated congestion, and lower energy consumption. To adapt to dynamic traffic conditions, platoon formations must be...
Accurately estimating indoor occupancy is essential for managing building spaces and infrastructure, with applications ranging from ensuring safe distancing and adequate ventilation during health crises to optimizing energy consumption and resource a...
To meet the demand for rapid and accurate glucose determination in clinical diagnostics, food testing, and related fields, this study developed a high-performance electrochemical glucose biosensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Prussian blue/...
In order to mitigate the influence of turbulence on pulse amplitude modulation–pulse position modulation (PAM-PPM) optical signals, which represents a promising avenue for future high-speed free-space optical (FSO) communication, this paper pro...
Background: The asymmetric distribution of optical photons near the edges of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) sensor modules introduces errors in the coordinate reconstruction of scintillation events when center-of-gravity (CoG) algorithms are util...
An optical camera-based integrated sensing and communication (OC-ISAC) system model is proposed to address the intrinsic requirements of vehicular-to-everything (V2X) applications in complex outdoor environments. The model enables the coexistence and...
A robust multi-sensor recursive Expectation-Maximization (RMSREM) algorithm is proposed in this paper for autoregressive eXogenous (ARX) models, addressing the challenges of heavy-tailed noise, as well as the difficulty in simultaneously processing m...
Acoustic sensing is a passive and cost-effective option for unmanned aerial vehicle detection, where both signal processing and microphone hardware jointly determine field performance. In this study, we focus on the hardware front-end as a foundation...
Educational robotics (ER) has attracted growing attention as an effective means of cultivating computational thinking and programming skills through interactive, sensor-based learning environments. Integrating ER with visual programming platforms ena...
This systematic review explores interventions and technologies aimed at assessing or improving thermoregulation in older adults (≥60 years) across community, clinical, and institutional settings. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search...
It is important to develop a tetracycline (TC) detection method with a simple synthesis method, high sensitivity, and fast detection speed. Herein, a novel sensor was designed using europium-doped boron nitride (BN-Eu) for evaluation on tetracycline...
Harmful algal blooms, particularly those caused by cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) and green algae, pose an increasing risk to aquatic ecosystems and public health. This risk is intensified by climate change and nutrient pollution. This study presen...
Health monitoring and advanced fault diagnosis are now critical features in modern engineering systems, the increasing complexity and new frameworks of which elevated the pressure for dependable reliability and safety measures [...]
In medical image segmentation, effective integration of global and local features is crucial. Current methods struggle to simultaneously model long-range dependencies and fine local details. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) excel at extracting lo...
The growing adoption of renewable energy conversion systems and smart infrastructures has increased the demand for accurate monitoring solutions to ensure system performance and reliability, as well as seamless integration with cloud-based platforms....
In this paper, we report on the characterization of a silicon carbide static induction transistor (SiC SIT) for potential use in sensor interface circuits that operate at frequencies up to 100 MHz and temperatures up to 400 °C. Measurements were...
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