2020 April-2 - 278 articles
This study reports an oven-controlled microelectromechanical systems oscillator with integrated micro-evaporation trimming that achieves frequency stability over the industrial temperature range and permanent frequency trimming after vacuum packaging...
This paper presents a more detailed concept of Human-Robot Interaction systems architecture. One of the main differences between the proposed architecture and other ones is the methodology of information acquisition regarding the robot’s interl...
The adoption of multiscale approaches by the biomechanical community has caused a major improvement in quality in the mechanical characterization of soft tissues. The recent developments in elastography techniques are enabling in vivo and non-invasiv...
Every day, visually challenged people (VCP) face mobility restrictions and accessibility limitations. A short walk to a nearby destination, which for other individuals is taken for granted, becomes a challenge. To tackle this problem, we propose a no...
Electronic textiles, also known as smart textiles or smart fabrics, are one of the best form factors that enable electronics to be embedded in them, presenting physical flexibility and sizes that cannot be achieved with other existing electronic manu...
This article introduces a two-electrode ground-free electrocardiogram (ECG) with minimal hardware complexity, which is ideal for wearable battery-powered devices. The main issue of ground-free measurements is the presence of noise. Therefore, noise s...
The ability to detect users’ emotions for the purpose of emotion engineering is currently one of the main endeavors of machine learning in affective computing. Among the more common approaches to emotion detection are methods that rely on elect...
The authors wish to make the following erratum to this paper [...]
A new ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system is proposed for future smartphones. The structure of the design comprises four identical pairs of compact microstrip-fed slot antennas with polarization diversity functio...
A fluorescent optical fiber sensor for the detection of mercury (Hg2+) ions in aqueous solutions is presented in this work. The sensor was based on a fluorophore-labeled thymine (T)-rich oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ON) sequence that was directly immobi...
In this paper, a new damage feature, spectral area, was extracted to effectively detect crack location by studying the deformation mechanism of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) reflection spectra. In order to verify the robustness and reliability of spectra...
The reconstruction of sea clutter plays an important role in target detection and recognition in a maritime environment. Reproducing the temporal and spatial correlations of real data simultaneously is always a problem in the reconstruction of sea cl...
Soil volumetric water content (θ) is a parameter describing one of the most important factors conditioning proper plant growth. Monitoring soil moisture is of particular importance in the rational use of water resources for irrigation, especial...
With the rapid development of the internet of things, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology plays an important role in various fields. However, RFID systems are vulnerable to cloning attacks. This is the fabrication of one or more replicas...
Star Trackers are often the most accurate instrument in an Attitude Determination and Control Systems, but often present a slow update rate, requiring additional sensor and sensor fusion algorithms to provide a smoother and faster output. However, th...
Location-based routing protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) use location information to determine routing decisions. This information is provided by a location service that is queried by nodes in order to properly forward packets to commu...
Conventional breast cancer detection techniques including X-ray mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound scanning suffer from shortcomings such as excessive cost, harmful radiation, and inconveniences to the patients. These challenges...
Since the fuzzy local information C-means (FLICM) segmentation algorithm cannot take into account the impact of different features on clustering segmentation results, a local fuzzy clustering segmentation algorithm based on a feature selection Gaussi...
The paper suggests a design of radiation sensors based on metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structures and p-channel radiation sensitive field effect transistors (RADFET) which are capable to function under conditions of high-field tunnel injection of...
The statistical data of different kinds of behaviors of pigs can reflect their health status. However, the traditional behavior statistics of pigs were obtained and then recorded from the videos through human eyes. In order to reduce labor and time c...
Global industry is undergoing major transformations with the genesis of a new paradigm known as the Internet of Things (IoT) with its underlying technologies. Many company leaders are investing more effort and money in transforming their services to...
Thermal infrared remote sensing measurements have greatly improved in terms of spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution. These improvements are producing a clearer picture of the land surface and Earth atmospheric composition than ever before. Neve...
The measurement of human vital signs is a highly important task in a variety of environments and applications. Most notably, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is a versatile signal that could indicate various physical and psychological conditions, from sig...
Robotic mirror therapy (MT), which allows movement of the affected limb, is proposed as a more effective method than conventional MT (CMT). To improve the rehabilitation effectiveness of post-stroke patients, we developed a sensory stimulation-based...
In this paper, the throughput and energy efficiency of an unlicensed machine type communications network is studied. If an outage event happens in the network, there is a possibility for packet retransmission in order to obtain a lower error probabil...
Experimental development of a compact optical emission detector based on the assembly of a polymer-metal and a standard silica fiber is presented in this paper. This device is exploited in a proof-of-principle experiment for gas detection application...
Over the past two decades, the vibrational Stark effect has become an important tool to measure and analyze the in situ electric field strength in various chemical environments with infrared spectroscopy. The underlying assumption of this effect is t...
Increased data traffic resulting from the increase in the deployment of connected vehicles has become relevant in vehicular social networks (VSNs). To provide efficient communication between connected vehicles, researchers have studied device-to-devi...
In this paper, a complete system based on computer vision and deep learning is proposed for surface inspection of the armatures in a vibration motor with miniature volume. A device for imaging and positioning was designed in order to obtain the image...
Sensor-level human brain activity is studied during real and imaginary motor execution using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Blood oxygenation and deoxygenation spatial dynamics exhibit pronounced hemispheric lateralization when perfor...
Effective management of chronic constrictive pulmonary conditions lies in proper and timely administration of medication. As a series of studies indicates, medication adherence can effectively be monitored by successfully identifying actions performe...
The automobile industry no longer relies on pure mechanical systems; instead, it benefits from many smart features based on advanced embedded electronics. Although the rise in electronics and connectivity has improved comfort, functionality, and safe...
More accurate navigation systems are always required for autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUUV)s under various circumstances. In this paper, a measuring complex of a heavy unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) was investigated. The measuring comp...
The Tower of Belém, an early 16th century defense tower located at the mouth of the Tagus river, is the iconic symbol of Lisbon. It belongs to the Belém complex, classified since 1983 as a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO, and it is th...
Differentially driven devices represent a highly promising research field for radio frequency (RF), microwave (MW), and millimeter-wave (mmWave) designers and engineers. Designs employing differential signals are essential elements in low-noise fourt...
The ability to identify and accurately predict abnormal behavior is important for health monitoring systems in smart environments. Specifically, for elderly persons wishing to maintain their independence and comfort in their living spaces, abnormal b...
Large constellations of low-orbit satellites have already been launched with the aim of offering complete worldwide coverage of broadband Internet; however, compact, simple, and low-cost mobile terminals are necessary to establish the communication....
With the immersive growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) and real-time adaptability, quality of life for people is improving. IoT applications are diverse in nature and one crucial aspect of it is multimedia sensors and devices. These IoT multimedia...
Delamination is one of the detrimental defects in laminated composite materials that often arose due to manufacturing defects or in-service loadings (e.g., low/high velocity impacts). Most of the contemporary research efforts are dedicated to high-fr...
Ground-based synthetic aperture radar interferometry (GB-InSAR) is a valuable tool for deformation monitoring. The 2D interferograms obtained by GB-InSAR can be integrated with a 3D terrain model to visually and accurately locate deformed areas. The...
Blood pressure (BP) is a vital sign that provides fundamental health information regarding patients. Continuous BP monitoring is important for patients with hypertension. Various studies have proposed cuff-less BP monitoring methods using pulse trans...
The gearbox is one of the most fragile parts of a wind turbine (WT). Fault diagnosis of the WT gearbox is of great importance to reduce operation and maintenance (O&M) costs and improve cost-effectiveness. At present, intelligent fault diagnosis...
In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, ships are often arbitrary-oriented and densely arranged in complex backgrounds, posing enormous challenges for ship detection. However, most existing methods detect ships with horizontal bounding boxes, which...
Advancements in protocols, computing paradigms, and electronics have enabled the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with high potential for various location-based applications in different fields. One of the most important topics in WSNs...
Electrochemical gas sensors require regular maintenance to check and secure proper functioning. Standard procedures usually involve testing and recalibration of the sensors, for which working environments are needed. Periodic calibration is therefore...
Real-time queue length information is an important input for many traffic applications. This paper presents a novel method for real-time queue length detection with roadside LiDAR data. Vehicles on the road were continuously tracked with the LiDAR da...
Anomaly detection is becoming increasingly important to enhance reliability and resiliency in the Industry 4.0 framework. In this work, we investigate different methods for anomaly detection on in-production manufacturing machines taking into account...
This paper presents a rotating focused field eddy-current (EC) sensing technique, which leverages the advantages of magnetic field focusing and rotating magnetic field, for arbitrary orientation defects detection. The sensor consists of four identica...
Human interaction recognition technology is a hot topic in the field of computer vision, and its application prospects are very extensive. At present, there are many difficulties in human interaction recognition such as the spatial complexity of huma...
We propose a spectrometer-free refractive index sensor based on a graphene plasmonic structure. The spectrometer-free feature of the device is realized thanks to the dynamic tunability of graphene’s chemical potential, through electrostatic bia...
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