Entropy, Volume 21, Issue 8

The present study deals with the anomalous heat capacity peak and thermal conductivity of BaVS ${}_3$ near the metal-insulator transition present at 69 K. The transition is related to a structural transition from an orthorhombic to monoclinic phas...

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome is a common sleep disorder. As an alternative to polysomnography (PSG) for OSA screening, the current automatic OSA detection methods mainly concentrate on feature extraction and classifier selection based on ph...

Turbo codes have been widely used in wireless communication systems due to their good error correction performance. Under time division long term evolution (TD-LTE) of the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) wireless communication standard, a L...

Currently, chaos-based cryptosystems are being proposed in the literature to provide confidentiality for digital images, since the diffusion effect in the Advance Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm is weak. Security is the most important challenge t...

Thermally induced non-equilibrium gas flows have been simulated in the present study by coupling kinetic and extended thermodynamic methods. Three different types of thermally induced gas flows, including temperature-discontinuity- and temperature-gr...

Coherence is associated with transient quantum states; in contrast, equilibrium thermal quantum systems have no coherence. We investigate the quantum control task of generating maximum coherence from an initial thermal state employing an external fie...

Solar magnetism is believed to originate through dynamo action in the tachocline. Statistical mechanics, in turn, tells us that dynamo action is an inherent property of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, depending essentially on magnetic helicity....

This paper is aimed to dissociate nonlocality from quantum theory. We demonstrate that the tests on violation of the Bell type inequalities are simply statistical tests of local incompatibility of observables. In fact, these are tests on violation of...

Some uncertainty about flipping a biased coin can be resolved from the sequence of coin sides shown already. We report the exact amounts of predictable and unpredictable information in flipping a biased coin. Fractional coin flipping does not reflect...

Direct left turns (DLTs) could cause traffic slowdown, delay, stops, and even accidents on intersections, especially on no-median roads. Channelization and signalization can significantly diminish negative impact of DLTs. In China, a total of 56 larg...

We establish lower bounds on the volume and the surface area of a geometric body using the size of its slices along different directions. In the first part of the paper, we derive volume bounds for convex bodies using generalized subadditivity proper...

This paper presents the entropic damage indicators for metallic material fatigue processes obtained from three associated energy dissipation sources. Since its inception, reliability engineering has employed statistical and probabilistic models to as...

Integrated Information Theory (IIT) is most typically applied to Boolean Nets, a state transition model in which system parts cooperate by sharing state variables. By contrast, in Process Algebra, whose semantics can also be formulated in terms of (l...

In this research work, a 3D rotating flow of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) over a porous stretchable sheet for heat and mass transfer is investigated. Kerosene oil is considered as a base liquid and two types of CNTs, (Single & Multi) WCNTs are added a...

Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with next-generation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) technology has enabled the identification of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) on a genome-wide scale. To effectively and efficiently discover TFBSs in the tho...

Mathematical modeling of the heat and mass transfer processes in the evaporating droplet–high-temperature gas medium system is difficult due to the need to describe the dynamics of the formation of the quasi-steady temperature field of evaporat...

In ecology and evolution, entropic methods are now used widely and increasingly frequently. Their use can be traced back to Ramon Margalef’s first attempt 70 years ago to use log-series to quantify ecological diversity, including searching for...

We propose a new clustering method based on a deep neural network. Given an unlabeled dataset and the number of clusters, our method directly groups the dataset into the given number of clusters in the original space. We use a conditional discrete pr...

The ventilation mode affects the cooling efficiency of the air conditioners significantly in marine data centers. Three different ventilation modes, namely, underfloor ventilation, overhead ventilation, side ventilation, are numerically investigated...

Model construction is a very fundamental and important issue in the field of complex dynamical networks. With the state-coupling complex dynamical network model proposed, many kinds of complex dynamical network models were introduced by considering v...

The analysis of resting-state brain activity recording in magnetoencephalograms (MEGs) with new algorithms of symbolic dynamics analysis could help obtain a deeper insight into the functioning of the brain and identify potential differences between m...

In conventional textbook thermodynamics, entropy is a quantity that may be calculated by different methods, for example experimentally from heat capacities (following Clausius) or statistically from numbers of microscopic quantum states (following Bo...

Query complexity is a common tool for comparing quantum and classical computation, and it has produced many examples of how quantum algorithms differ from classical ones. Here we investigate in detail the role that oracles play for the advantage of q...

We propose a description of the model of a random piecewise constant field formed by the sum of realizations of two Markov processes with an arbitrary number of states and defined along mutually perpendicular axes. The number of field quantization le...

The presence of marine ambient noise makes it difficult to extract effective features from ship-radiated noise. Traditional feature extraction methods based on the Fourier transform or wavelets are limited in such a complex ocean environment. Recentl...

This paper develops the interval maximum entropy model for the interval European option valuation by estimating an underlying asset distribution. The refined solution for the model is obtained by the Lagrange multiplier. The particle swarm optimizati...

The interest in memristors has risen due to their possible application both as memory units and as computational devices in combination with CMOS. This is in part due to their nonlinear dynamics, and a strong dependence on the circuit topology. We pr...

In order to improve the security and efficiency of image encryption systems comprehensively, a novel chaotic S-box based image encryption scheme is proposed. Firstly, a new compound chaotic system, Sine-Tent map, is proposed to widen the chaotic rang...

The analytically solvable chaotic system (ASCS) is a promising chaotic system in chaos communication and radar fields. In this paper, we propose a maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) to estimate the frequency of ASCS, then a difference-integral (DI) d...

Fingerprints have long been used in automated fingerprint identification or verification systems. Singular points (SPs), namely the core and delta point, are the basic features widely used for fingerprint registration, orientation field estimation, a...

This paper proposes a geometric estimator of dependency between a pair of multivariate random variables. The proposed estimator of dependency is based on a randomly permuted geometric graph (the minimal spanning tree) over the two multivariate sample...

Malaria, a disease with major health and socio-economic impacts, is driven by multiple factors, including a complex interaction with various climatic variables. In this paper, five methods developed for inferring causal relations between dynamic proc...

Kernel adaptive filtering (KAF) is an effective nonlinear learning algorithm, which has been widely used in time series prediction. The traditional KAF is based on the stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method, which has slow convergence speed and low...

Mental workload assessment is crucial in many real life applications which require constant attention and where imbalance of mental workload resources may cause safety hazards. As such, mental workload and its relationship with heart rate variability...

In this paper, we propose a theoretical framework to analyze the secure communication problem for broadcasting two encrypted sources in the presence of an adversary which launches side-channel attacks. The adversary is not only allowed to eavesdrop t...

Heterogeneous nucleation of new phase clusters on a rough solid surface is studied. The ambient phase is considered to be a regular supersaturated solution. In contrast to existing studies of the same problem, the possible difference between the stat...

We set out to demonstrate that the Rényi entropies are better thought of as operating in a type of non-linear semiring called a positive semifield. We show how the Rényi’s postulates lead to Pap’s g-calculus where the functi...

Based on a sample of geolocated elements, each of them labeled with a (not necessarily ordered) categorical feature, several indexes for assessing the relationship between the geolocation variables (latitude and longitude) and the categorical variabl...

Understanding or estimating the co-evolution processes is critical in ecology, but very challenging. Traditional methods are difficult to deal with the complex processes of evolution and to predict their consequences on nature. In this paper, we use...

It is often the case when studying complex dynamical systems that a statistical formulation can provide the greatest insight into the underlying dynamics. When discussing the behavior of such a system which is evolving in time, it is useful to have t...

The concept of a “flow network”—a set of nodes and links which carries one or more flows—unites many different disciplines, including pipe flow, fluid flow, electrical, chemical reaction, ecological, epidemiological, neurologi...

The trade-off between large power output, high efficiency and small fluctuations in the operation of heat engines has recently received interest in the context of thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs). Here we provide a concrete illustration of...

Two families of dependence measures between random variables are introduced. They are based on the Rényi divergence of order $\alpha$ and the relative $$...

In this paper, we investigate the finite-time synchronization problem for a class of Markovian jumping complex networks (MJCNs) with non-identical nodes and impulsive effects. Sufficient conditions for the MJCNs are presented based on an M-matrix tec...

Analysis of high-dimensional data is a challenge in machine learning and data mining. Feature selection plays an important role in dealing with high-dimensional data for improvement of predictive accuracy, as well as better interpretation of the data...

A measure $\mathcal{D}[t_1,t_2]$ for the amount of dynamical evolution exhibited by a quantum system during a time interval $[t_1,t_2]$ is defined in terms of how distinguishable from each other are, on average, the states of the s...

Recently, the concept of daemonic ergotropy has been introduced to quantify the maximum energy that can be obtained from a quantum system through an ancilla-assisted work extraction protocol based on information gain via projective measurements [G. F...

Online Social Networks are used widely, raising new issues in terms of privacy, trust, and self-disclosure. For a better understanding of these issues for Facebook users, a model was built that includes privacy value, privacy risk, trust, privacy con...

The human postsynaptic density is an elaborate network comprising thousands of proteins, playing a vital role in the molecular events of learning and the formation of memory. Despite our growing knowledge of specific proteins and their interactions,...

The analysis of loss data is of utmost interest in many branches of the financial and insurance industries, in structural engineering and in operation research, among others. In the financial industry, the determination of the distribution of losses...