9 Results Found

For a connected graph, the Fermat difference of three vertices is defined as the minimum sum of their distances to a common vertex minus half the sum of their pairwise distances. In this paper, we investigate the average Fermat difference of unicycli...

This paper is motivated by the difference between the classical principal component analysis (PCA) in a Euclidean space and the tropical PCA in a tropical projective torus as follows. In Euclidean space, the projection of the mean point of a given da...

A 5G metasurface (MS) transmitarray (TA) feed by compact-antenna array with the performance of high gain and side-lobe level (SLL) reduction is presented. The proposed MS has two identical metallic layers etched on both sides of the dielectric substr...

Axonal growth is guided by biochemical, mechanical, and geometrical cues while remaining subject to stochastic fluctuations associated with cytoskeletal dynamics, adhesion, signaling, and growth cone sensing. Here, we develop two complementary variat...

The order and disorder of binary representations of the natural numbers < 2⁸ is measured using the BiEntropy function. Significant differences are detected between the primes and the non-primes. The BiEntropic prime density is shown to be quadrati...

This article is concerned with the description of the entire solutions of several Fermat type partial differential-difference equations (PDDEs) ${\left[\mu f\left(z\right)+\lambda f_{z_1}\left(z\right)\right]}^2+{[\alpha f(z+c)-\beta f\left(z\right)]}^2=1,$ and ${\left[\mu f\left(z\right)+{\lambda }_1{f}_{z_1}\left(z\right)+{\lambda }_2{f}_{z_2}\left(z\right)\right]}^{}$...

Understanding how electromagnetic (EM) waves travel through different tissues is important for EM medical imaging, sensing, and in-body communication. It is known that EM waves in lossy bio-tissues are nonuniform and do not strictly follow the least...

High-precision ultrasound imaging of void defects is critical for the performance and safety assessment of ballastless track structures. The sound propagation velocity of each layer in the ballastless track structure is quite different. However, the...

For the law enforcement agencies, lawful interception is still one of the main means to intercept a suspect or address most illegal actions. Due to its centralized management, however, it is easy to implement in traditional networks, but the cost is...