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Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 34081

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Constantin Bungău

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Guest Editor
Department of Engineering and Management, Faculty of Management and Technological Engineering, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
Interests: engineering; management; sustainability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Alina Badulescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Economics and Business, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
Interests: innovation; sustainability; tourism; entrepreneurship
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Dorina Camelia Ilieș

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
Interests: geography; heritage; climate change; sustainability
Dr. Cosmin Mihai Vesa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
Interests: sustainability in public health; occupational medicine; environment-associated diseases; sick building syndrome; one health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Delia Mirela Tit

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
2. Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
Interests: pharmacology; alternative therapies; biochemistry; public health; therapeutics; one health; sustainability in health; ecology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sustainability in all domains has constantly increased as a topic of major interest for scholars, policy makers and practitioners all over the world. Moreover, the quest for sustainability has been extended to various non-economic fields, including educational institutions and universities. The concept of “triple bottom line” has pointed out the three dimensions, i.e., economic, social and environmental, that must be considered in all human activities.

Sustainable development goes hand-in-hand with digitalization, innovation and performance, together creating the proper environment and conditions to ensure a more sustainability-driven, prosperous, fair and peaceful economy and society for the future. Approaching coherent strategies for sustainable development, relevant research directions and policies focused on the implementation of sustainability become a necessity. Considering the above, we suggest the following research directions:

  • Connecting innovation/research activity with the major challenges of society (climate changes, demographic fluctuations, social inclusion, good quality of life, health, food and nutritional security, ecological energy, green building, technological changes, etc.);
  • Dynamic economy;
  • Sustainable business strategies, models and practices;
  • Sustainability-oriented and transformative curriculum development;
  • Industry based on a circular, clean economy, with the supply of raw materials ensured;
  • Transition of the energy field towards climate resilience and neutrality;
  • Behavioral transformations and education to reduce the climate footprint;
  • Green, healthy agriculture;
  • Biodiversity recovery, conservation and sustainable restoration of ecosystems;
  • Access to innovative, sustainable and high-quality medical care.

This Special Issue welcomes all types of research devoted to investigating the complex nexus between education, research, innovation and sustainability.

Prof. Dr. Constantin Bungău
Prof. Dr. Alina Badulescu
Prof. Dr. Dorina Camelia Ilieș
Dr. Cosmin Mihai Vesa
Prof. Dr. Delia Mirela Tit
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Keywords

  • sustainable development
  • research in sustainability
  • sustainability in production
  • sustainable business strategies, models and practices
  • sustainability in services
  • sustainability in education
  • sustainability in management
  • one health concept
  • sustainability in constructions
  • sustainability in tourism, territorial planning, heritage and arts

Published Papers (33 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

5 pages, 186 KiB  
Editorial
Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea
by Constantin Bungău, Alina Badulescu, Dorina Camelia Ilieș, Cosmin Mihai Vesa and Delia Mirela Tit
Sustainability 2024, 16(7), 2712; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16072712 - 26 Mar 2024
Viewed by 418
Abstract
Interest in the topic of sustainability has been constantly increasing across all domains, among scholars, policy makers, and practitioners all over the world [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

19 pages, 3441 KiB  
Article
Irrigation and Fertilization: A Comprehensive Analysis of Their Influences on Qualitative Indices in Two Plum Varieties
by Adelina Venig and Florin Stănică
Sustainability 2024, 16(6), 2496; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16062496 - 18 Mar 2024
Viewed by 475
Abstract
The chief aim of this study is to provide information regarding the value and effectiveness of localized irrigation applied to plum trees grown in nurseries; this study also emphasizes how irrigation impacts various qualitative indices in the context of different fertilization treatments. By [...] Read more.
The chief aim of this study is to provide information regarding the value and effectiveness of localized irrigation applied to plum trees grown in nurseries; this study also emphasizes how irrigation impacts various qualitative indices in the context of different fertilization treatments. By increasing production in the nursery, the application of differentiated rules for fertilization and irrigation is expected to yield vigorous, healthy fruit tree planting material. As in the case of all cultivated plants, fruit trees in nurseries are primarily dependent on soil and climatic conditions. This research was carried out in a private fruit tree nursery in the northwestern part of Romania. The soil taxonomic unit identified on the research field was arable, weakly glaciated loamy clay on fluvial deposits. The two plum cultivars that were studied were Stanley and Cacanska Lepotica, both of which are valued for the high caliber of their fruit. This research was conducted using a 4 × 2 × 4 trifactorial experiment, with irrigation acting as the primary factor, cultivar as the secondary factor, and fertilization as the tertiary factor. During this research, the fertilization treatments proved to have the most significant impact (34.50%) on stem diameter compared with irrigation (20.67%) and cultivar (5.63%), given that the cultivar had no discernible influence on the increase in the diameters of the grafted trees. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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19 pages, 13311 KiB  
Article
Sustainable Approach to Metal Coin Canceling Methods, Using 3D Modeling and Finite Element Method Analysis
by Cornel Cătălin Gavrilă, Mihai Tiberiu Lateş and Gavril Grebenişan
Sustainability 2024, 16(6), 2322; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16062322 - 11 Mar 2024
Viewed by 417
Abstract
Over time, many minted coins were withdrawn from circulation, being replaced with new ones. The returned, obsolete metal coins were melted in order to ensure sustainable reuse of the alloy for other purposes. Between the withdrawal and melting, some of the metal coins [...] Read more.
Over time, many minted coins were withdrawn from circulation, being replaced with new ones. The returned, obsolete metal coins were melted in order to ensure sustainable reuse of the alloy for other purposes. Between the withdrawal and melting, some of the metal coins were canceled by the destruction of their original shape and dimensions using adequate tools. The first part of this paper is focused on presenting some insights into the canceling method used on old Romanian nickel coins; also, some examples are presented. The introduction also includes a literature review in the field of coin manufacturing, covering subjects such as metal behavior under striking load and aspects of 3D modeling and FEM analysis as well as explaining some striking errors. The main purpose of this paper is to study the particularities of canceling methods applied to coins, which is conducted on relatively valuable collection metal pieces. In the second part of the paper, an adequate 3D model is computed for the canceling dies and the coin. Then, the assembled models are introduced, corresponding to each canceling case, consisting of the obverse and reverse canceling dies with coins inside them. For each model, the finite element analysis is realized and is achieved for different initial conditions. The final part of the paper presents the analysis results as well as the discussion and conclusions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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12 pages, 4644 KiB  
Article
Energy Efficiency Analysis of a Fuel Cell Bus Model Using Real Scenarios Generated by Data Collection
by Horațiu Cărăușan, Bogdan Ovidiu Varga, Dan Moldovanu, Gabriel Prunean and Ioan-Tudor Oargă
Sustainability 2024, 16(5), 1863; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16051863 - 24 Feb 2024
Viewed by 604
Abstract
Modernizing public transportation is crucial, given the ongoing call for sustainable mobility. Growing concerns about climate change and the increasingly stringent emissions standards have compelled public transport operators to embrace alternative propulsion vehicles on a broader scale. For the past years, the Battery [...] Read more.
Modernizing public transportation is crucial, given the ongoing call for sustainable mobility. Growing concerns about climate change and the increasingly stringent emissions standards have compelled public transport operators to embrace alternative propulsion vehicles on a broader scale. For the past years, the Battery Electric Buses (BEBs) have been the vehicle of choice for public transportation. However, an emerging contender in this sector is the Fuel Cell Electric Bus (FCEB). This paper aims to evaluate the way one such vehicle would perform in terms of energy efficiency while being exploited in an urban scenario generated from collected data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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23 pages, 18430 KiB  
Article
Analysis on Using 3D Scanning and BIM to Reduce the Physical and Non-Physical Construction Waste for Sustainable Fireproofing of Steel Trusses
by Cristian Savu, Adrian-Horatiu Pescaru, Ivett-Greta Zsak, Anca-Maria Durgheu, Alexandra-Paula Frent, Norbert-Szabolcs Suba, Aurelian Stelian Buda and Sorin Nistor
Sustainability 2024, 16(5), 1832; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16051832 - 23 Feb 2024
Viewed by 704
Abstract
Embracing the archaic methods used in supervision and/or management in the field of architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) creates the imperative need to adopt and/or develop sustainable methods to reduce construction physical waste, as well as the non-physical waste. Thus, the articles present [...] Read more.
Embracing the archaic methods used in supervision and/or management in the field of architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) creates the imperative need to adopt and/or develop sustainable methods to reduce construction physical waste, as well as the non-physical waste. Thus, the articles present a method that convenes three different specializations, namely geodesy, civil engineering, and architecture, that make use of the 3D terrestrial laser scanner (TLS), 3D reconstruction, and the 3D analysis to make an accurate bill of quantity (BOQ) to be able to assess the quality of the construction in compliance with the idea of sustainable development in the AEC industry. This article describes the three major parts: obtaining the point cloud, the 3D modeling, and extracting the relevant data. The novelty of the research is threefold: (i) a viable methodology for obtaining an accurate BOQ by reducing the non-physical waste to avoid cost and time overruns; (ii) the significance and impact of a (a) strictly automated and (b) automatic with traditional survey to obtain the 3D model of the point cloud on the resulting area that requires rehabilitation or to be covered with intumescent paint; and (iii) a detailed analysis of the specific elements that can blunder the final 3D model, such as the shadowing effect that can appear in very complex construction structures. Moreover, the proposed methodology represents a significant advancement in optimizing 3D modeling to improve the comprehension of steel trusses in the field of AEC sector. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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15 pages, 878 KiB  
Article
Intervention Works Conducted to Ensure the Stability of a Slope: A Sustainability Study
by Mircea Raul Tudorica and Corneliu Ioan Bob
Sustainability 2024, 16(4), 1544; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16041544 - 12 Feb 2024
Viewed by 661
Abstract
Challenges related to sustainability arise in all areas of human activity, but with a significant impact on the environment considering that the construction industry is held accountable for nearly one-third of the world’s final energy consumption. The aim of this paper is to [...] Read more.
Challenges related to sustainability arise in all areas of human activity, but with a significant impact on the environment considering that the construction industry is held accountable for nearly one-third of the world’s final energy consumption. The aim of this paper is to assess through the use of the Bob–Dencsak specific model a sustainable slope design taking into account environmental, economic, and safety variables. Thus, analysis was performed on four intervention works, two versions of reinforced concrete retaining walls and two versions of reinforced soil with a biaxial geogrid, which ensure the stability of a slope that serves as a base for an access road to an ecological landfill located in Alba County, Romania. The study’s analysis points out that reinforced soil retaining walls are far more sustainable, providing the best sustainability indices, which is also supported by the impact of geogrids compared to reinforced concrete, thus resulting in the finding that reinforced concrete is less sustainable, achieving increases of up to 23% for embodied energy and 66% of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Finally, the paper provides recommendations for future research on the sustainability assessment of slopes, with the intention of reducing environmental damage, while keeping costs to a minimum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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13 pages, 4923 KiB  
Article
Modular Autonomous Vehicles’ Application in Public Transport Networks: Conceptual Analysis on Airport Connection
by Ioan-Tudor Oargă, Bogdan Ovidiu Varga, Dan Moldovanu, Horațiu Cărăușan and Gabriel Prunean
Sustainability 2024, 16(4), 1512; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16041512 - 10 Feb 2024
Viewed by 643
Abstract
Increased efficiency and optimized operation of transport networks represent two of the main topics of interest when discussing modern road vehicle solutions. Taking steps towards more sustainable options, manufacturers of road vehicles are looking into advanced technologies that allow vehicles to run more [...] Read more.
Increased efficiency and optimized operation of transport networks represent two of the main topics of interest when discussing modern road vehicle solutions. Taking steps towards more sustainable options, manufacturers of road vehicles are looking into advanced technologies that allow vehicles to run more efficiently and take advantage of all the available data on the road. When looking at public transportation applications, trends point in the direction of using varied types of vehicles that can carry people around. The intermodality of these types of vehicles represents the most optimized way of traveling, combining the fast and secure characteristics of airplanes and trains with the flexibility of last-mile options, such as taxis, buses, or trams. This paper discusses the aspects of implementing a modular autonomous vehicle (MAV) solution for the last-mile part of travel routes, connecting key points of a city, such as an airport or a train station, to other key locations in the city, such as the city center, important facilities, or marginal neighborhoods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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18 pages, 652 KiB  
Article
Financial Perspectives on Human Capital: Building Sustainable HR Strategies
by Mirabela-Constanța Matei, Leonard-Călin Abrudan and Maria-Madela Abrudan
Sustainability 2024, 16(4), 1441; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16041441 - 08 Feb 2024
Viewed by 852
Abstract
This paper examines the challenges surrounding sustainable human resources management (HRM), particularly in the context of budget constraints that often lead to the reduction of employee development investments. Our research focuses on developing a comprehensive model that integrates financial management tools into HRM [...] Read more.
This paper examines the challenges surrounding sustainable human resources management (HRM), particularly in the context of budget constraints that often lead to the reduction of employee development investments. Our research focuses on developing a comprehensive model that integrates financial management tools into HRM strategies, ensuring the prioritization of sustainable practices. Through a systematic analysis of existing knowledge, we propose a solution-oriented approach that supports the financial substantiation of investments in employee development. This study addresses key research questions, emphasizing the adaptation of corporate finance tools to meet HR’s specific requirements. Our research not only identifies challenges but, more importantly, offers solutions by presenting a model that empowers organizations to align financial goals with HR development objectives. The results of our research aim to formulate a pragmatic and inventive model, offering a systematic framework for assessing the financial feasibility of initiatives in human resources development. Our model offers a practical framework for assessing the financial feasibility of HR development initiatives, facilitating informed decision-making and the promotion of sustainable HRM practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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18 pages, 649 KiB  
Article
Influence of Environmental Perception on Place Attachment in Romanian Rural Areas
by Dragos Darabaneanu, Daniela Maci and Ionut Mihai Oprea
Sustainability 2024, 16(3), 1106; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16031106 - 28 Jan 2024
Viewed by 774
Abstract
This study analyzes aspects of place attachment in rural areas, as an element of social stability that determines attitudinal and behavioral patterns within a harmonious relationship between human beings and the environment. A higher level of place attachment generates efficient behavior patterns for [...] Read more.
This study analyzes aspects of place attachment in rural areas, as an element of social stability that determines attitudinal and behavioral patterns within a harmonious relationship between human beings and the environment. A higher level of place attachment generates efficient behavior patterns for the improvement of the problems caused by pollution and the degradation of natural environments. In the second section, we set out to measure the forms of manifestation of place attachment in rural areas and to identify effective strategies that can contribute to increasing the intensity of this phenomenon. We set out a study of the causality between environmental perception and place attachment. We carried out an investigation based on a questionnaire to determine the forms of manifestation of place attachment and environmental perception. We tested a statistical model to confirm or not the determining relationship between the two social phenomena. Our study also offers an original interpretation of environmental perception and explains the degree of intensity with which this phenomenon is felt at the individual level. The practical importance of this study lies in the fact that it offers a strategy proven by sociological analysis, which can be applied to stimulate an increase in intensity of the manifestation of feelings of place attachment, which ultimately leads to the spread of pro-environmental attitudinal and behavioral patterns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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18 pages, 1908 KiB  
Article
The Relationship between Sustainable Economic Growth, R&D Expenditures and Employment: A Regional Perspective for the North-West Development Region of Romania
by Daniel Badulescu, Darie Gavrilut, Ramona Simut, Simona-Aurelia Bodog, Daniela Zapodeanu, Constantin-Vasile Toca and Alina Badulescu
Sustainability 2024, 16(2), 760; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020760 - 16 Jan 2024
Viewed by 678
Abstract
The role of research and development (R&D) in economic growth has been intensively promoted by scholars and policy-makers of the last decades, emphasizing its impact on technological innovation, intensive and sustainable growth and economic revival. The R&D sector is considered a main driver [...] Read more.
The role of research and development (R&D) in economic growth has been intensively promoted by scholars and policy-makers of the last decades, emphasizing its impact on technological innovation, intensive and sustainable growth and economic revival. The R&D sector is considered a main driver in the fight against chronic underdevelopment, regional disparities, isolation and lack of socio-economic perspectives. Although the steady economic growth of Romania in the last 15 years continues to converge with the European Union’s average, the regional disparities persisted and even deepened, the country still being considered a modest innovator, and resources allocated to research and innovation are far below the European level. In this paper, we aim to identify the existence, direction and duration of the relationship between economic growth, expenditure and employment in the R&D sector. We applied the Johansen cointegration test, the VECM model and Granger causality both at the county and component region levels during the 1995–2021 period. The results of our research reveal the consistency of these bidirectional relationships at the regional and sub-regional levels, especially in the long run. We also emphasize the importance of economic growth in supporting public and private efforts for R&D: the regions that can allocate more resources to research, development and innovation (RD&I) will benefit from the more reliable and long-run-oriented economic growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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18 pages, 1598 KiB  
Article
The Comet Assay as a Sustainable Method for Evaluating the Genotoxicity Caused by the Soluble Fraction Derived from Sewage Sludge on Diverse Cell Types, Including Lymphocytes, Coelomocytes and Allium cepa L. Cells
by Monica Adriana Costea, Cristina Adriana Rosan, Vasile Laslo, Eliza Agud, Cornelia Purcarea and Simona Ioana Vicas
Sustainability 2024, 16(1), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010457 - 04 Jan 2024
Viewed by 997
Abstract
With the expansion of urban areas, the amount of sludge produced by sewage treatment plants is increasing, raising big problems regarding the reintroduction of this sludge into nature in order to fully solve the wastewater problem. The application of sludge to agricultural surfaces [...] Read more.
With the expansion of urban areas, the amount of sludge produced by sewage treatment plants is increasing, raising big problems regarding the reintroduction of this sludge into nature in order to fully solve the wastewater problem. The application of sludge to agricultural surfaces or degraded land is a controversial solution since, despite the well-known benefits, sludge can, in certain cases, represent a real threat to both human health and the environment, with long-term harmful effects. The present study evaluates the potential genotoxicity of sludge using the Comet Test and three cellular bioindicators (lymphocytes, coelomocytes, and Allium cepa L.) for its quantification. To perform the tests, the soluble fraction of the sludge was used at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, as well as a negative control (H2O) and a positive control (H2O2). The Comet test indicated an increase in DNA damage among cells exposed for 4 h in the following order: coelomocytes, lymphocytes, and Allium cepa L. cells. Our results indicate that Allium cepa L. nuclei are more sensitive, with genotoxic effects being evident at concentrations as low as 25%. In coelomocytes, we recorded nuclear damage starting at a concentration of 75%. These results indicate the necessity of using multiple genotoxicity tests, combined in a test battery, to achieve a greater level of relevance. The concentration of the soluble fraction of the sludge has an inverse relationship with the auxin content in leaves and roots, suggesting varying levels of stress. The results of this study can contribute to the creation of a genotoxic profile of sewage sludge, facilitating decisions related to reducing its negative impact. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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35 pages, 2695 KiB  
Article
Modified Social Group Optimization to Solve the Problem of Economic Emission Dispatch with the Incorporation of Wind Power
by Dinu Calin Secui, Cristina Hora, Codruta Bendea, Monica Liana Secui, Gabriel Bendea and Florin Ciprian Dan
Sustainability 2024, 16(1), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010397 - 02 Jan 2024
Viewed by 573
Abstract
Economic dispatch, emission dispatch, or their combination (EcD, EmD, EED) are essential issues in power systems optimization that focus on optimizing the efficient and sustainable use of energy resources to meet power demand. A new algorithm is proposed in this article to solve [...] Read more.
Economic dispatch, emission dispatch, or their combination (EcD, EmD, EED) are essential issues in power systems optimization that focus on optimizing the efficient and sustainable use of energy resources to meet power demand. A new algorithm is proposed in this article to solve the dispatch problems with/without considering wind units. It is based on the Social Group Optimization (SGO) algorithm, but some features related to the selection and update of heuristics used to generate new solutions are changed. By applying the highly disruptive polynomial operator (HDP) and by generating sequences of random and chaotic numbers, the perturbation of the vectors composing the heuristics is achieved in our Modified Social Group Optimization (MSGO). Its effectiveness was investigated in 10-unit and 40-unit power systems, considering valve-point effects, transmission line losses, and inclusion of wind-based sources, implemented in four case studies. The results obtained for the 10-unit system indicate a very good MSGO performance, in terms of cost and emissions. The average cost reduction of MSGO compared to SGO is 368.1 $/h, 416.7 $/h, and 525.0 $/h for the 40-unit systems. The inclusion of wind units leads to 10% reduction in cost and 45% in emissions. Our modifications to MSGO lead to better convergence and higher-quality solutions than SGO or other competing algorithms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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18 pages, 1185 KiB  
Article
European Union Tools for the Sustainable Development of Border Regions
by Florentina Chirodea, Luminita Soproni and Mihai Marian
Sustainability 2024, 16(1), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010388 - 31 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 673
Abstract
The European Union uses several instruments aimed at reducing disparities between regions and strengthening their competitiveness and sustainability. The border regions have a special relevance, given their position and characteristics, as well as the challenges faced by local actors. The European Commission has [...] Read more.
The European Union uses several instruments aimed at reducing disparities between regions and strengthening their competitiveness and sustainability. The border regions have a special relevance, given their position and characteristics, as well as the challenges faced by local actors. The European Commission has introduced the action “b-solutions” to tackle the specific border obstacles along European Union internal borders. The article aims to analyze the integration mechanisms at the micro-regional level, which is considered as a viable and sustainable solution for cross-border regions with resources which can be exploited to attract investment and generate wealth and well-being. The qualitative analysis method involved consulting thematic publications of the b-solution program and extracting data from the presentation sheets of accepted proposals published by the Association of European Border Regions. The collected data were processed according to criteria such as direction of action, types and causes of obstacles, solutions proposed by experts, etc. Addressing the legal and administrative obstacles that hamper cross-border flows proved to be a good initiative, with 120 cases selected. The solutions offered to the particular cases can also be replicated for other obstacles identified at the European Union’s internal borders so that cooperation between border regions is intensified to the benefit of increasing European territorial, economic, and social cohesion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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21 pages, 9562 KiB  
Article
Analysing the Impact of the Bleaching Process on Wet Spun Hemp Yarn Properties
by Simona Tripa, Naz Kadınkız, Ayesha Kanwal, Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer, Ahsan Nazir, Florin Tripa and Muhammet Uzun
Sustainability 2023, 15(24), 16894; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416894 - 15 Dec 2023
Viewed by 965
Abstract
Historically, cotton has been regarded as a highly sustainable material; however, thorough research indicates otherwise. The increasing levels of pollution and the need to address climate change have led towards a global search for sustainable alternatives. Plants with comparable chemical compositions, such as [...] Read more.
Historically, cotton has been regarded as a highly sustainable material; however, thorough research indicates otherwise. The increasing levels of pollution and the need to address climate change have led towards a global search for sustainable alternatives. Plants with comparable chemical compositions, such as hemp, are attracting growing attention. The cultivation of hemp can be done with sustainable methods, thereby making it a viable alternative to cotton. This study investigates the mechanical, physical, and dyeing properties of 100% wet-spun hemp yarn in its natural and bleached state with the objective of incorporating its use in both technical and traditional textiles. Although significant academic literature is available on the properties of cotton, there is a noticeable lack of literature based on wet-spun hemp. This research suggests that the bleaching process positively affects wet-spun hemp yarn, thus making it suitable for use by the textile industries in various applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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17 pages, 891 KiB  
Article
How Gender, Culture, and Economy Influence Field of Study Preferences in Higher Education: Exploring Gender Gaps in STEM, AHSS, and Medicine among International Students
by Corina Florina Tătar, Marius Ioan Tătar, János Pénzes and George W. White
Sustainability 2023, 15(22), 15820; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215820 - 10 Nov 2023
Viewed by 797
Abstract
International female and male students’ segregation per academic fields of study designates an important challenge for educational equity, diversity, and gender equality in tertiary education institutions worldwide. This study probes the determinants of study field choice among 984 students from 57 countries who [...] Read more.
International female and male students’ segregation per academic fields of study designates an important challenge for educational equity, diversity, and gender equality in tertiary education institutions worldwide. This study probes the determinants of study field choice among 984 students from 57 countries who enrolled at the University of Oradea, Romania, during 2022–2023. By incorporating gender approaches and concepts within broader economic and cultural theories, we utilized the bivariate analysis and multinominal regression models to scrutinize how students’ preferences for STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics), AHSS (arts, humanities, and social sciences), or medicine are influenced by their gender, and the more general cultural and economic attributes of their home country. Our findings enrich the knowledge and understanding of gendered patterns of academic study field choice, providing a cross-cultural and integrative viewpoint that enables us to set forth recommendations to bridge higher education gender gaps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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17 pages, 2980 KiB  
Article
Expert-Based Assessment of the Potential of Agroforestry Systems in Plain Regions across Bihor County, Western Romania
by Ruben Budău, Andrei Apăfăian, Mihail Caradaică, Iulian A. Bratu, Claudia S. C. Timofte and Cristian M. Enescu
Sustainability 2023, 15(22), 15724; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215724 - 08 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1020
Abstract
Agroforestry systems are gaining increasing attention worldwide due to their several benefits both for landowners and also for the environment. Even though Romania has a great potential for adopting these systems on a large scale, only a few examples exist. The aim of [...] Read more.
Agroforestry systems are gaining increasing attention worldwide due to their several benefits both for landowners and also for the environment. Even though Romania has a great potential for adopting these systems on a large scale, only a few examples exist. The aim of this research was to highlight the main agroforestry systems that could be introduced in plain regions across Bihor County, Western Romania. A selection of the most suitable woody species and cereals was carried, based on available data and information. In order to select the most suitable combination, a set of eight criteria was considered and an Analytical Hierarchy Process Analysis was performed, with the aid of the Expert Choice Desktop (v. 11.5.1683) software package. The combinations that had the black locust as the main tree species scored better in comparison with the ones that had pedunculate oak as a main species. This research should be regarded as a first and important step in the analysis of several combinations of agroforestry systems that could be implemented across plain regions of Bihor County. Lastly, this proposed model could be replicated in similar studies aimed at selecting the most suitable agroforestry systems for certain sites. Future research should also consider criteria that account for various aspects, including the functional relationships of these future green spaces with nearby areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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23 pages, 4352 KiB  
Article
Hydrochemical and Microbiological Investigations and the Therapeutic Potential of Some Mineral Waters from Bihor County, Romania
by Ribana Linc, Emilia Pantea, Eugenia Șerban, Anca-Paula Ciurba (Pastor) and Georgeta Serban
Sustainability 2023, 15(21), 15640; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115640 - 06 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1063
Abstract
Water quality plays an important role for every sustainable social and economic system, as well as for maintaining human health. This study, carried out during 2022–2023, has as its main objective the physical–chemical and microbiological analysis of some underground water resources (two boreholes [...] Read more.
Water quality plays an important role for every sustainable social and economic system, as well as for maintaining human health. This study, carried out during 2022–2023, has as its main objective the physical–chemical and microbiological analysis of some underground water resources (two boreholes and a spring) with a natural mineral load from three areas in Bihor County (Romania), and the impact of their consumption on people’s health. Therefore, six microbiological parameters and 17 physical–chemical indicators in three localities (Tămășeu, Sîntimreu, Pădurea Neagră) were analyzed. The results of the microbiological analysis indicate a type of water that respects the limits imposed by the legislation on natural mineral waters and potability. The physical–chemical indicators show that the hydrochemical type of the studied waters is predominantly bicarbonate, in association with calcium, magnesium, and sodium cations. The residents’ perception on water quality and the effect on people’s health was assessed through a questionnaire (23 items) addressed to the population of the three villages and neighboring localities. The results showed that the mineral waters from Sîntimreu and Pădurea Neagră are used frequently. Many respondents consider the local mineral waters as without quality-related problems and with beneficial effects regarding acute or chronic gastrointestinal conditions, such as gastritis, gastric ulcers, flatulence, or liver diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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19 pages, 825 KiB  
Article
Oradea’s Cultural Event Management: The Impact of the ‘Night of the Museums’ on Tourist Perception and Destination Brand Identity
by Said Mohamed Elhosiny, Thowayeb H. Hassan, Ioana Josan, Amany E. Salem, Mostafa A. Abdelmoaty, Grigore Vasile Herman, Jan Andrzej Wendt, Bekzot Janzakov, Hassan Marzok Elsayed Mahmoud and Magdy Sayed Abuelnasr
Sustainability 2023, 15(21), 15330; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115330 - 26 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1043
Abstract
Understanding how event quality influences destination identity and tourist satisfaction is crucial for creating memorable experiences and fostering positive perceptions of a destination. The ‘Night of the Museums’ event in Oradea, Romania, offers a unique cultural experience, but little research has been conducted [...] Read more.
Understanding how event quality influences destination identity and tourist satisfaction is crucial for creating memorable experiences and fostering positive perceptions of a destination. The ‘Night of the Museums’ event in Oradea, Romania, offers a unique cultural experience, but little research has been conducted to understand its impact on destination perception and tourist satisfaction. This study examines the relationship between event quality, destination identity, tourist satisfaction, and behavioral intentions within the context of Oradea’s Night of the Museums event. Four domains of event quality (visit quality, interaction quality, outcome quality, and physical environment quality) are assessed for their impact on destination identity and tourist satisfaction. Results indicated that visit quality, interaction quality, and outcome quality significantly predicted destination identity, whereas interaction quality and the quality of the physical environment significantly influenced tourist satisfaction. Furthermore, positive event experiences increased the likelihood of tourists recommending the destination to others, which in turn significantly predicted the intention to revisit. These findings have implications for event organizers, destination management organizations, and policymakers seeking to enhance event quality, promote positive destination identity, and cultivate tourist satisfaction, ultimately leading to increased recommendations and revisitation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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15 pages, 1496 KiB  
Article
The Sustainability Study Done for a Consolidation Work on a Historical Building
by Mircea Raul Tudorica, Mihaela Teodora Toadere and Corneliu Ioan Bob
Sustainability 2023, 15(21), 15285; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115285 - 25 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 605
Abstract
A very important problem encountered all over the world and increasingly widespread is represented by sustainability. The construction field is responsible for a high environmental impact, for the entire duration of a building’s operation, from the construction stage until its demolition. This paper [...] Read more.
A very important problem encountered all over the world and increasingly widespread is represented by sustainability. The construction field is responsible for a high environmental impact, for the entire duration of a building’s operation, from the construction stage until its demolition. This paper presents a sustainability study, performed on an old historical building located in Romania—Arad County, which implied the consolidation of its resistance structure as a result of visible degradation. The study was performed using the Bob–Dencsak Calculation Model, which involved research into several specific parameters for each dimension separately (ecological, economic and social). Besides establishing the sustainability class for the consolidated building, an analysis was done on the impact that metal has as compared to reinforced concrete, thus resulting in the finding that metal is less sustainable than reinforced concrete, achieving growths of up to 42% for embodied energy and 28.50% of CO2 emissions in the atmosphere. Finally, the paper offers recommendations for future sustainability assessment research with the aim of increasing the quality of life and minimizing the negative impact on the environment with minimal costs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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15 pages, 2305 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Propagation of Several Valuable Selections of Robinia pseudoacacia L. as a Fast and Sustainable Source for Wood Production
by Ruben Budău, Mariana Bei, Cristian Onet, Eliza Agud, Olimpia Smaranda Mintas, Adrian Ioan Timofte, Cristina Adriana Rosan, Vasile Laslo and Simona Ioana Vicas
Sustainability 2023, 15(21), 15243; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152115243 - 25 Oct 2023
Viewed by 704
Abstract
There is an increasing trend in forest production towards planting rapid-growing trees as attractive, environmentally friendly energy sources. This study aimed to establish an alternative to the traditional propagation of a number of selections of Robinia pseudoacacia L. by developing an in vitro [...] Read more.
There is an increasing trend in forest production towards planting rapid-growing trees as attractive, environmentally friendly energy sources. This study aimed to establish an alternative to the traditional propagation of a number of selections of Robinia pseudoacacia L. by developing an in vitro culture protocol. This study’s topic is of great importance, and it reflects an ongoing concern at the University of Oradea’s Faculty of Environmental Protection’s sustainable research program. The explants from four forms (called S1, S2, S3, and S4), selected for their phenotypic characteristics, were inoculated on four culture media (Murashige–Skoog (MS), Anderson, Chée–Pool, and Driver and Kuniyuki Woody (DKW)) with the same phytohormonal balance. DKW medium proved to be the better support of morphogenic activity, and it was further tested under different phytohormonal balances. Different results were observed depending on the hormone content in the DKW environment. In the presence of 0.5 mg/L benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.04 mg/L aminoisobutyric acid (AIB), 91.5% of the explants developed an average of 4.45 ± 0.18 shoots, whereas the average upper shoot height (3.82 cm) was recorded on DKW medium with 0.5 mg/L BAP and 0.04 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Auxin, 0.05 mg/L AIB, promoted root production (5.27 ± 0.15 roots/explant), while 0.1 mg/L NAA promoted root length. In conclusion, the S4 selection produced the greatest outcomes of all environmental variables in terms of both the number of shoots and their heights. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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17 pages, 440 KiB  
Article
Do Size and Ownership Determine the Willingness for Sustainable Innovations in Spa and Health Tourism? A Case Study on Baile Felix Spa Resort, Romania
by Diana-Teodora Trip, Ramona Simut and Daniel Badulescu
Sustainability 2023, 15(19), 14501; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914501 - 05 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 912
Abstract
There is a considerable debate in the literature regarding the real impact of tourism on the environment and human communities, specifically with respect to tourism’s openness to sustainable innovation. The way in which the different forms of tourism and entrepreneurial and managerial initiatives [...] Read more.
There is a considerable debate in the literature regarding the real impact of tourism on the environment and human communities, specifically with respect to tourism’s openness to sustainable innovation. The way in which the different forms of tourism and entrepreneurial and managerial initiatives respond to the new economic, technological, social and environmental challenges acquire considerable importance for academics, practitioners, decision makers and consumers. The purpose of this research is to assess the potential for sustainable innovation in spa and health tourism in a relevant area in Romania through a survey-based study of both entrepreneurs who own a tourist accommodation unit, as well as top and middle managers from large tourism enterprises. The results of our research show that the development of spa and health tourism offers multiple examples of good practices, and that stimulating innovative entrepreneurial initiatives can lead to a sustainable reinvention of the tourism and local economy, in line with the international health tourism market. In the case of small businesses, even though sustainable initiatives are present, they are at an earlier stage and are less diversified compared to hotels, the scope of innovation is smaller and their motivation weaker. In other words, a large part of the objectives of modernization and sustainability in spa and health tourism (equipment, services, qualification and hiring of employees, sustainable and environmentally friendly orientation) are the responsibility of large hotel resorts. This research provides valuable insights into the ongoing debate surrounding the impact of tourism on the environment and local communities, with a specific focus on the potential for sustainable innovation in spa and health tourism within a significant region of Romania. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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17 pages, 308 KiB  
Article
The Relationship between Physical Activity Level and Sociodemographic Factors in Romanian Adults in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Period
by Elena Ioana Iconaru, Emilian Tarcau, Manuela Mihaela Ciucurel, Liviu Draghici and Constantin Ciucurel
Sustainability 2023, 15(18), 13488; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813488 - 08 Sep 2023
Viewed by 784
Abstract
Background: This study examines how socio-demographic factors relate to post-pandemic physical activity patterns among Romanian adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study explores post-COVID-19 physical activity levels (PAL) and their correlation with socio-demographic factors in Romanian adults (n = 237, average age 28.23 ± [...] Read more.
Background: This study examines how socio-demographic factors relate to post-pandemic physical activity patterns among Romanian adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study explores post-COVID-19 physical activity levels (PAL) and their correlation with socio-demographic factors in Romanian adults (n = 237, average age 28.23 ± 9.91 years). An online questionnaire covering constitutional, socio-demographic, and physical activity-related variables was administered for data collection. Data analysis involves descriptive and inferential statistics, including Kendall’s tau correlation, along with multinomial regression analyses. Results: Noteworthy correlations emerged, including a robust association (r = 0.79, p < 0.001) between testing and history of clinical signs of COVID-19; a significant moderate correlation between health status and PAL compared to the period before the pandemic (τ = 0.56, p < 0.001); and significant moderate correlation between health status and current PAL (τ = −0.51, p < 0.001). Multinomial regression underscores an intricate relationship; testing for COVID-19 relates to clinical sign severity, health status changes influence post-pandemic PAL, and self-perceived health associates with current PAL (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Revealing significant links between PAL and socio-demographic factors among adults in Romania’s post-pandemic landscape, this study emphasizes the interaction between health changes and activity involvement. It also highlights the potential to guide interventions for rehabilitation and healthier living. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
14 pages, 1346 KiB  
Article
Multicriteria Quantification of the Compatibility of the Targets from Romania’s Relevant Strategies with the European Green Deal
by Adrian Ioan Felea, Ioan Felea and Calin Radu Hoble
Sustainability 2023, 15(18), 13386; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151813386 - 07 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 628
Abstract
This study deepens and further concretizes an analysis conducted in a prior study highlighting Romania’s goals and objectives in comparison with the sustainable development principles established through the adoption of the European Green Deal (EGD) at the European Union (EU) level. The second [...] Read more.
This study deepens and further concretizes an analysis conducted in a prior study highlighting Romania’s goals and objectives in comparison with the sustainable development principles established through the adoption of the European Green Deal (EGD) at the European Union (EU) level. The second section of this paper presents this study’s methodology, aiming to highlight the quantification of the compatibility of the targets of Romania’s pertinent strategies with the EGD after evoking the principles of sustainable development (SD) and—in this context—the importance of achieving the objectives set by the EGD. The third section of this paper presents our findings, and the final section offers conclusions drawn from our analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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16 pages, 1983 KiB  
Article
Chemometric Analysis-Based Sustainable Use of Different Current Baking Wheat Lots from Romania and Hungary
by Adrian Vasile Timar, Alin Cristian Teusdea, Cornelia Purcarea, Adrian Nicolae Vuscan, Adriana Ramona Memete and Simona Ioana Vicas
Sustainability 2023, 15(17), 12756; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151712756 - 23 Aug 2023
Viewed by 931
Abstract
Wheat is the most important raw material for bakery industries. Real-time grain quality assessment could increase bakery product quality and baking efficiency. The quality assessment of wheat grains can be conducted using modern and non-invasive techniques based on near-infrared spectrophotometry (NIRS) methods for [...] Read more.
Wheat is the most important raw material for bakery industries. Real-time grain quality assessment could increase bakery product quality and baking efficiency. The quality assessment of wheat grains can be conducted using modern and non-invasive techniques based on near-infrared spectrophotometry (NIRS) methods for the assessment of gluten content (WetGL), protein content, Zeleny index (ZelenyIdx), grain humidity (Ur), etc. The topic covered in the study is of current interest, is a part of sustainable research, and involves aspects of food quality, one of the concerns addressed by the University of Oradea’s Department of Food Engineering. The present study was carried out in 2020 on eleven wheat lots from Romania and Hungary. Following the NIRS analyses, the results show varied quality for the Romanian and Hungarians wheat lots. The Romanian variety Crisana recorded the highest values for quality parameters, being similar to the Hungarian variety Bekes from Hajdu Bihar County. The statistical analysis was carried out using multivariate analysis (multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), canonical variate analysis (CVA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA)), which highlighted which of the batches of wheat grains can be mixed to obtain a raw material of high quality for the bakery industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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14 pages, 2166 KiB  
Article
Development of an Algorithm for Textile Waste Arrangement
by Liliana Indrie, Julieta Ilieva, Zlatin Zlatev, Simona Tripa and Amalia Sturza
Sustainability 2023, 15(14), 11399; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411399 - 22 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1158
Abstract
With the constant availability of new designs at extremely low prices, the production and disposal of clothing have increased significantly, leading to the need for the sustainable management of processes. The implementation of established craft practices in modern sustainable mass production requires the [...] Read more.
With the constant availability of new designs at extremely low prices, the production and disposal of clothing have increased significantly, leading to the need for the sustainable management of processes. The implementation of established craft practices in modern sustainable mass production requires the development and application of software and hardware computer tools as well as production machinery. Although the management of textile waste for interior design articles is addressed in the scientific literature by various techniques, there is still limited data and strategies based on the use of specific algorithms. Therefore, in this research, an algorithm is proposed, with the help of which textile waste resulting from upholstery production can be reused in the creation of interior decoration parts. The algorithm is implemented in the GNU Octave 6.4 programming environment, which makes it easily redistributable and accessible. The algorithm consists of a total of six stages, offering an option for arranging the textile elements and analyzing their color characteristics. The arrangement is performed with a Voronoi diagram, and the colors are represented by a four-color circle. Moreover, data on waste textile fabrics are presented, as well as their application in the conception of interior design elements. The proposed algorithm allows designers to focus on the visual design rather than compatibility checks and constraints. The present paper provides an algorithm for reusing textile wastes, which come in a variety of shapes and colors and are produced throughout the fabric cutting phase of upholstery manufacturing, in order to identify the most optimal combinations in matching irregular waste shapes and combinations of colors, create a suitable pattern for new interior design items, and contribute to improving the sustainable management of textile waste that is produced in considerable amounts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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18 pages, 3230 KiB  
Article
Organically Cultivated Vine Varieties—Distinctive Qualities of the Oils Obtained from Grape Seeds
by Manuel Alexandru Gitea, Daniela Gitea, Delia Mirela Tit, Simona Gabriela Bungau, Mihaela Alexandra Bogdan, Andrei-Flavius Radu, Francisc Vasile Dulf and Manuela Bianca Pasca
Sustainability 2023, 15(14), 11037; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411037 - 14 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 908
Abstract
Grape seeds, which have an increased concentration of high-quality compounds in their oil, are the byproduct of the grape processing industry. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physico-chemical and bioactive profile of grape seed oil (GSO) obtained by extraction with [...] Read more.
Grape seeds, which have an increased concentration of high-quality compounds in their oil, are the byproduct of the grape processing industry. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physico-chemical and bioactive profile of grape seed oil (GSO) obtained by extraction with n-hexane, using three different techniques and coming from two varieties of grapes. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability assessments, and CUPRAC and FRAP assays, were used to determine the oil’s antioxidant properties, whereas the total phenolic content (TPC) was determined by applying an adapted version of the Folin–Ciocalteu technique. Utilizing a coupling method of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, 14 fatty acids have been identified by analyzing their methylated intermediates. GSOs were characterized by a high content of polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) (69.25–80.32%), of which linoleic acid stands out (66.97 and 79.88%), followed by monounsaturated acids (MUFAs) (16.64–19.59%), with the representative being oleic acid (15.20–17.86%) and then saturated acids (SFAs) (9.26–15.53%), through the palmitic acid (6.29–9.82%). GSO from Merlot samples recovered by MW had the greatest ratio of fatty acids with hypo-/hypercholesterolemia (H/H) values (14.09). The atherogenicity index and thrombogenicity index ranges for red GSO were 0.278–0.393 and 0.242–0.268, respectively, and for white GSO, 0.401–0.440 and 0.256–0.268, respectively. The oil from the red grape variety has the highest quantity of total polyphenols regardless of the extraction method (1.263–2.035 mg GAE/g vs. 0.918–1.013 mg GAE/g). Through the DPPH and FRAP methods, the results were similar (8.443–14.035 µmol TE/g oil and 6.981–13.387 µmol TE/g oil, respectively). The best results were obtained by the CUPRAC method (8.125–19.799 µmol TE/g oil). The assessment of the grape varieties revealed that they are appropriate for making edible GSO, which was endorsed by our results. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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19 pages, 1542 KiB  
Article
Administrative Aspects Regarding the Valorisation of Geothermal Waters for Balneological Purposes in Bihor County, Romania
by Anca-Paula Ciurba (Pastor), Ionel Haidu and Dorina Ianc
Sustainability 2023, 15(13), 10320; https://doi.org/10.3390/su151310320 - 29 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 870
Abstract
This study aims to analyse the development of the balneological phenomenon in Bihor County generated by its administration, consequent of which, a classification of rural settlements and new tourist resorts has been made. The objective is to identify the current trend in the [...] Read more.
This study aims to analyse the development of the balneological phenomenon in Bihor County generated by its administration, consequent of which, a classification of rural settlements and new tourist resorts has been made. The objective is to identify the current trend in the exploitation of the balneological potential of the localities in Bihor County. A comparative analysis has also been carried out between the influence of the political regimes on the exploitation of geothermal water sources at the level of rural settlements and new tourist resorts during the last five decades. The comparative analysis has revealed that the development of the balneological phenomenon has been carried out sequentially. This sequence has been influenced by the political environment and the administrative factor from the period before and after the Revolution. In the period before the Revolution, all balneological sources were managed by the public administrative factor; they were maintained and kept functional, until the Revolution of 1989, against the background of a stable political environment. In the post-Revolution period, when the decision and involvement was sometimes undertaken on a small scale (private administration), and where the interest in development was focused exclusively on the valorisation of the balneological resources, it can be said that capitalist policy favourably influenced the evolution of the balneological phenomenon at the level of rural settlements and new tourist resorts. We have concluded that the capitalist period has been favourable because, when the thermal baths were found to be unanimously managed by the public administration, they were functional in greater numbers at the rural level as compared to the post-revolutionary period. We have not analysed any “policy” documents in order to make this statement. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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12 pages, 2342 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Population and Ethno-Cultural Heritage—Case Study: Crișana, Romania
by Luminița Anca Deac, Grigore Vasile Herman, Maria Gozner, Gheorghe Codruț Bulz and Emilia Boc
Sustainability 2023, 15(11), 9055; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15119055 - 03 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1058
Abstract
Crișana Region is one of the most representative and wide historical regions of Romania, which encompasses several “lands” and ethnographic areas, each of them being defined by a series of features, among which those of demographic nature (ethnicity, religion) and ethno-cultural features stand [...] Read more.
Crișana Region is one of the most representative and wide historical regions of Romania, which encompasses several “lands” and ethnographic areas, each of them being defined by a series of features, among which those of demographic nature (ethnicity, religion) and ethno-cultural features stand out. In this context, the aim of the current study is to identify, assess and emphasize the relationship between the demographic features and those related to the ethno-cultural heritage. The accomplishment of this work required the use of the multi-criteria analysis method, successfully applied in various activity areas, a method which is characterized by a high level of complexity. The obtained results emphasized the spatial distribution on ‘territorial administrative unit’ (TAU) level of the aggregated synthetic values and of the relationship types which were determined between population and ethno-cultural heritage in Crișana Region, Romania. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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27 pages, 12109 KiB  
Article
Web of Science Scientometrics on the Energy Efficiency of Buildings to Support Sustainable Construction Policies
by Constantin C. Bungau, Francesca Ioana Hanga Prada, Tudor Bungau, Constantin Bungau, Gabriel Bendea and Marcela Florina Prada
Sustainability 2023, 15(11), 8772; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15118772 - 29 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1240
Abstract
A variety of strategies intended to support environmentally friendly and resource-efficient building processes comprise sustainable construction policies. The limited number of bibliometric analyses in the field may hinder the ability to assess the efficacy and impact of research efforts, impede the potential for [...] Read more.
A variety of strategies intended to support environmentally friendly and resource-efficient building processes comprise sustainable construction policies. The limited number of bibliometric analyses in the field may hinder the ability to assess the efficacy and impact of research efforts, impede the potential for collaboration, and even limit the dissemination of best practices. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the impact of published data on the topic of energy efficiency of buildings using the Web of Science core collection database. We perform a bibliometric analysis and science mapping research that assesses significant parameters for the field. A total of 28,555 papers were analyzed using the VOSviewer program. The data was divided into two periods to determine the evolution of trends in this field. The most prolific countries in this field were China, the United States, and England. Following the analysis of the collaboration maps, it was determined that there is a strong collaborative relationship between these countries in the development of papers. The most prolific papers of the first period were published in Energy Policy and Energy and Buildings, which also ranked first in the second period, followed by Energies. It was observed that the most frequent terms used in literature searches in the field differ according to the periods analyzed. In the beginning, the most frequent term was “energy efficiency and performance”, and between 2011 and 2023, the terms “applied energy” and “renewable and sustainable energy” increased considerably with technological development. The results of this research demonstrate the significant and expanding scientific interest in this area and serve as a valuable asset for researchers studying the energy efficiency of buildings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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15 pages, 6750 KiB  
Article
Indoor Air Quality Perception in Built Cultural Heritage in Times of Climate Change
by Dorina Camelia Ilies, Grigore Vasile Herman, Bahodirhon Safarov, Alexandru Ilies, Lucian Blaga, Tudor Caciora, Ana Cornelia Peres, Vasile Grama, Sigit Widodo Bambang, Telesphore Brou, Francois Taglioni, Thowayeb H. Hassan and Mallik Akram Hossain
Sustainability 2023, 15(10), 8284; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15108284 - 19 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1778
Abstract
Low quality in a museum’s internal microclimate can induce both the deterioration of the exhibit collections, as well as affecting the health of visitors, employees and restorers. Starting from this premise, the present study aims to study the perception of visitors and employees [...] Read more.
Low quality in a museum’s internal microclimate can induce both the deterioration of the exhibit collections, as well as affecting the health of visitors, employees and restorers. Starting from this premise, the present study aims to study the perception of visitors and employees of Darvas-La Roche Museum House (Romania) in relation to the air quality in the exhibition spaces. Their opinions were analyzed based on a questionnaire comprising 11 items aimed at understanding the influence of the indoor environment on the health of individuals, the degree of disturbance induced by the indoor air, if they experienced symptoms of illness after visiting the museum, etc. The obtained data were analyzed statistically in the SPSS 28 program, using tests such as coefficient, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and model summary, in order to obtain correlations between the sets of variables. The results obtained indicate that the majority of respondents perceived the indoor air quality as good, but there were also exceptions (approximately 20% of the respondents), which indicated different symptoms induced by the indoor air. Most of those (%) affected stated that they had pre-existing conditions, wear contact lenses or are smokers. In their case, the statistical-mathematical analyses indicated strong correlations between the ailments they suffer from and the appearance of certain discomforts (caused by too low or too high temperature, dust or dry air, etc.) and disease symptoms (nasal congestion, eye and skin irritations, coughs, migraines, frequent colds, etc.). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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13 pages, 3059 KiB  
Article
Socio-Professional Implications of Sports Events: A Perspective from Dual-Career Students
by Raluca Buhaș, Alexandru Ilieș, Sorana Săveanu, Paul Szabo-Alexi, Mariana Szabo-Alexi and Sorin Buhaș
Sustainability 2023, 15(10), 7813; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15107813 - 10 May 2023
Viewed by 1028
Abstract
Background: The organization of a sports event can be analyzed from the perspective of its impact on the participants, organizers and community. University championships have a sustainable character, with several tournaments being planned over time, receiving increased interest from all stakeholders. Methods: This [...] Read more.
Background: The organization of a sports event can be analyzed from the perspective of its impact on the participants, organizers and community. University championships have a sustainable character, with several tournaments being planned over time, receiving increased interest from all stakeholders. Methods: This research aimed to describe aspects regarding the organization and planning of sports events, the academic and professional profiles of student-athletes and the implications of their participation in championships. We used two research methods: one based on geography, and another based on a sociological survey of 139 dual-career students participating in the national university championship of men’s football and women’s volleyball organized by the University of Oradea (Romania). Results: The research results show that academic studies provide professional competencies, while participation in sports events contributes to students’ personal and professional development. The results highlight that dual-career students are more prone to develop their sports careers; therefore, participation in these types of events represents a milestone in their careers. Conclusions: Our study can be considered when organizing these types of sports events and can provide directions for the development of sustainable strategies and programs to support students with dual careers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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21 pages, 9656 KiB  
Article
Solutions for an Ecological and Healthy Retrofitting of Buildings on the Campus of the University of Oradea, Romania, Built Starting from 1911 to 1913
by Constantin C. Bungau, Constantin Bungau, Mihaela Teodora Toadere, Ioana Francesca Prada-Hanga, Tudor Bungau, Daniela Elena Popescu and Marcela Florina Prada
Sustainability 2023, 15(8), 6541; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086541 - 12 Apr 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1704
Abstract
On university campuses, retrofitting studies have historically concentrated on individual buildings (or building components) instead of the entire campus. In the present paper, we examine how an incorporated strategic planning strategy might be used to investigate the socio-technical construction of a campus retrofit [...] Read more.
On university campuses, retrofitting studies have historically concentrated on individual buildings (or building components) instead of the entire campus. In the present paper, we examine how an incorporated strategic planning strategy might be used to investigate the socio-technical construction of a campus retrofit operation throughout multiple scale/sectors. The campus of the University of Oradea (CUO), Romania, with its beginnings in the 1910s was investigated using its new master plan. The developed strategies for a “green” and “healthy” campus depict a CUO redesign involving complex solutions for the green renovation of old buildings. In addition, the improvement effects of the modernization interventions already carried out were analyzed and quantified. Sixteen buildings (30% of the built area) were consolidated/rehabilitated/modernized, and/or equipped in the last decade, seven educational spaces being included in the circuit of the buildings fund (totaling 5491.59 sq m). For the renovated spaces, energy consumption was reduced by 20–88% and CO2 emissions by 41.82–86%, depending on the specifics of each space. The reconfiguration, rehabilitation, and energy efficiency of the entire heating system of CUO (which uses geothermal water as a specific characteristic) significantly improved (20% decrease in energy and 21% decrease in geothermal water consumption). Our findings offer new directions and design solutions for the ecological modernization of other outdated university campuses, highlighting new perspectives in the green university campuses’ management, as a way to implement sustainability in the higher education environment. Data presented give professionals in the field (architects, designers, engineers, planners, and decision makers) a clear picture of the benefits due to ecological renovation, also offering the necessary tools to implement new solutions for reducing the impact of urban areas on the environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research

17 pages, 3887 KiB  
Review
Current and Future Sustainability Traits of Digestive Endoscopy
by Tiberia Ioana Ilias, Cristian Sergiu Hocopan, Roxana Brata and Ovidiu Fratila
Sustainability 2023, 15(22), 15872; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215872 - 12 Nov 2023
Viewed by 975
Abstract
One of the most important parts of medical care is the endoscopy sector, like digestive endoscopy, which has gained extensive importance and is assumably going to increase in the future. We aimed to analyse and synthesize the impact of digestive endoscopy upon the [...] Read more.
One of the most important parts of medical care is the endoscopy sector, like digestive endoscopy, which has gained extensive importance and is assumably going to increase in the future. We aimed to analyse and synthesize the impact of digestive endoscopy upon the environment and the possible measures that can be taken to minimize the negative effects of endoscopy related to environmental pollution and human health exposure. The means through which digestive endoscopy produces pollution have been analysed, considering the frame and the base of the last stage of a medical or pharmaceutical product. This research suggests a strategy for improving the impact of this sector on the sustainability of the healthcare system based on four pillars comprising the use of eco-friendly substances, materials, and devices, reducing the consumption of water and all possible devices and energy, reusing those components that can be safely reinserted in the endoscopic circuit and recycling everything that is possible. The conclusions highlight that there is a great need to take control of medical practice, admitting the impact that the healthcare system has on global warming and greenhouse gas emissions, acknowledging the limited assets and wealth of the planet, and applying standards and scales of sustainability that can lead to responsible services for patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Sustainability Research from the University of Oradea)
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