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Dietary Bioactives and Gut Microbiota: Global Advances in Nutrition, Functionality and Personalized Health

A Special Issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643) belonging to the section "Prebiotics, Probiotics and Postbiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2026 | Viewed by 2016

Editor


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Guest Editor
College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
Interests: gut microbiota; dietary polysaccharides; microbial polysaccharides; probiotics; functional foods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent research highlights that food components do more than just provide nutrients—they also influence the gut microbiota, which plays a vital role in human health. The interaction between dietary bioactive compounds and gut microbes has become a hot topic in nutrition, food science, and medicine. Bioactive compounds such as dietary polysaccharides, polyphenols, and prebiotics can shape the composition and activity of the gut microbiota through multiple mechanisms. Microbial polysaccharides (e.g., exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria or β-glucans from yeast) can directly regulate the immune system or serve as prebiotics to support a healthy gut environment. These interactions affect energy metabolism, immune responses, and even brain signaling. This “food–microbiota–host” relationship offers a new perspective for understanding the health benefits of traditional diets and guiding personalized nutrition.

This Special Issue highlights three key areas of research: (1) the mechanisms by which dietary bioactive compounds influence microbial metabolism and subsequently regulate host energy balance, immune function, and gut–brain signaling; (2) the development of personalized nutrition approaches through identifying gut microbiota markers that predict individual responses to specific dietary components; and (3) the health-promoting effects of traditional regional diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, mediated through their modulation of the gut microbiome.

This issue aims to promote interdisciplinary collaboration across food science, microbiome research, clinical nutrition, and omics technologies. The findings will provide valuable insights for preventing metabolic diseases, supporting immune health, and improving neurological outcomes.

Prof. Dr. Wei Li
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • dietary bioactive compounds
  • gut microbiota
  • functional foods
  • precision nutrition
  • microbial metabolites
  • dietary polysaccharides
  • microbial polysaccharides
  • personalized diet
  • fermented foods
  • gut–brain axis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 3381 KB  
Article
Advances in Functional Foods: Using Double Emulsion Gels to Deliver CBD and Probiotics and to Modulate Human Gut Microbial Communities
by Sigita Jeznienė, Ina Jasutienė, Milda Keršienė, Rita Bandariavičiūtė, Laurita Varnaitė-Kapočė, Ieva Bartkuvienė, Vida Audra Budrienė, Arūnas Jonušas, Daiva Leskauskaitė and Aušra Šipailienė
Nutrients 2026, 18(3), 367; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu18030367 - 23 Jan 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1516
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This study examines the application of the novel double emulsion gel system for the delivery and release of encapsulated cannabidiol (CBD) and the probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSM 24624. Methods: During a six-week experimental period comprising stabilization, treatment, and wash-out phases, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This study examines the application of the novel double emulsion gel system for the delivery and release of encapsulated cannabidiol (CBD) and the probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSM 24624. Methods: During a six-week experimental period comprising stabilization, treatment, and wash-out phases, the dynamic Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) model was employed to assess a system. The evaluation focused on the delivery of CBD and probiotics, as well as the system’s effects on microbial composition, diversity, and metabolic activity throughout the digestion process using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and digital PCR methods. Results: Microbial community analysis revealed significant shifts in both mucosal and luminal microbiota following supplementation. The treatment increased beneficial bacterial families such as Lachnospiraceae and Clostridiaceae, demonstrated effective delivery, release, and persistence of the probiotic L. plantarum, as well as enhanced butyrate and lactate production. Diversity analyses highlighted a transient rise in alpha diversity within the mucin layer and a decrease in the lumen, with significant changes in beta diversity across experimental phases. Conclusions: Findings suggest that double emulsion gel can be employed for the delivery of probiotics and CBD to the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, an innovative CBD-probiotic formulation can modulate gut microbiota composition and metabolic activity, suggesting its potential as a functional food innovation for intestinal health. However, the results are based on an in vitro model, which lacks the complexity of the human host environment, and further clinical studies are necessary to confirm the biological relevance and therapeutic potential of such delivery systems for gastrointestinal health. Full article
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