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Magnetochemistry
Special Issues
Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day
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Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day

A special issue of Magnetochemistry (ISSN 2312-7481). This special issue belongs to the section "Magnetic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 50280

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Lee Martin

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
Interests: multifunctional molecular materials
Dr. Scott Turner

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Guest Editor
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK
Interests: molecular materials displaying interesting, unusual, and exploitable magnetic and/or transport properties; long-range magnetic orders; spin crossover; semiconductivity; metallic conduction
Prof. Dr. John Wallis

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry and Forensics, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
Interests: organosulfur donors; molecular interactions; X-ray crystallography
Prof. Dr. Hiroki Akutsu

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan
Interests: synthesis and characterisation of organic conductors
Prof. Dr. Carlos J. Gómez García

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Guest Editor
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, C/Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
Interests: molecular magnetism; coordination magnetic polymers; magnetic MOFs; magnetic polyoxometalates; conducting magnetic materials; multifunctional magnetic materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnetochemistry is pleased to announce a memorial Special Issue dedicated to honouring Professor Peter Day, from the Department of Chemistry of University College London (UK), who passed away in May 2020. This Special Issue will present contributions from some of his many Ph.D. and post-doctoral students as well as his main collaborators from across five continents. Contributions will cover different research topics, including molecular magnetism, molecular conductors, and multifunctional materials, in which Peter Day made key contributions during a successful research career that spanned more than five decades.

Prof. Dr. Lee Martin
Prof. Dr. Scott Turner
Prof. Dr. John Wallis
Prof. Hiroki Akutsu
Prof. Dr. Carlos J. Gómez García
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Magnetochemistry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • molecular magnetism
  • molecular conductors
  • multifunctional materials

Published Papers (22 papers)

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Editorial

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6 pages, 252 KiB  
Editorial
Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day
by Lee Martin, Scott S. Turner, John D. Wallis, Hiroki Akutsu and Carlos J. Gómez-García
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(12), 152; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7120152 - 23 Nov 2021
Viewed by 1855
Abstract
Professor Peter Day FRS was born on 20 August 1938 in Kent (UK) and attended Maidstone Grammar School [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
6 pages, 1551 KiB  
Editorial
Peter Day’s Exploration of Time and Space
by Santiago Alvarez
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(7), 103; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7070103 - 13 Jul 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1712
Abstract
Peter Day was one of the most asiduous participants of the NoSIC (Not Strictly Inorganic Chemistry) meetings, where he showed his interest in, and knowledge of, historical, sociological and other non-scientific aspects of the research activities in the institutions led by him as [...] Read more.
Peter Day was one of the most asiduous participants of the NoSIC (Not Strictly Inorganic Chemistry) meetings, where he showed his interest in, and knowledge of, historical, sociological and other non-scientific aspects of the research activities in the institutions led by him as well as in those he visited worldwide, both as a lecturer and as an active participant. This article tries to stress that side of his personality, reflected also in his three autobiographical books, and in his motto “the past is another country”, a quotation from L.P. Hartley. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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Research

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15 pages, 2387 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of New Derivatives of BEDT-TTF: Installation of Alkyl, Ethynyl, and Metal-Binding Side Chains and Formation of Tris(BEDT-TTF) Systems
by Songjie Yang, Matteo Zecchini, Andrew C. Brooks, Sara J. Krivickas, Desiree M. Dalligos, Anna M. Matuszek, Emma L. Stares, Melanie Pilkington and John D. Wallis
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(8), 110; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7080110 - 03 Aug 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2606
Abstract
The syntheses of new BEDT-TTF derivatives are described. These comprise BEDT-TTF with one ethynyl group (HC≡C-), with two (n-heptyl) or four (n-butyl) alkyl side chains, with two trans acetal (-CH(OMe)2) groups, with two trans aminomethyl (-CH2 [...] Read more.
The syntheses of new BEDT-TTF derivatives are described. These comprise BEDT-TTF with one ethynyl group (HC≡C-), with two (n-heptyl) or four (n-butyl) alkyl side chains, with two trans acetal (-CH(OMe)2) groups, with two trans aminomethyl (-CH2NH2) groups, and with an iminodiacetate (-CH2N(CH2CO2−)2 side chain. Three transition metal salts have been prepared from the latter donor, and their magnetic properties are reported. Three tris-donor systems are reported bearing three BEDT-TTF derivatives with ester links to a core derived from benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid. The stereochemistry and molecular structure of the donors are discussed. X-ray crystal structures of two BEDT-TTF donors are reported: one with two CH(OMe)2 groups and with one a -CH2N(CH2CO2Me)2 side chain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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12 pages, 3248 KiB  
Article
Collective Magnetic Behavior of 11 nm Photo-Switchable CsCoFe Prussian Blue Analogue Nanocrystals: Effect of Dilution and Light Intensity
by Linh Trinh, Eric Rivière, Sandra Mazerat, Laure Catala and Talal Mallah
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(7), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7070099 - 08 Jul 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1751
Abstract
The collective magnetic behavior of photoswitchable 11 nm cyanide-bridged nanoparticles based of the Prussian blue analogue CsCoFe were investigated when embedded in two different matrices with different concentrations. The effect of the intensity of light irradiation was studied in the less concentrated sample. [...] Read more.
The collective magnetic behavior of photoswitchable 11 nm cyanide-bridged nanoparticles based of the Prussian blue analogue CsCoFe were investigated when embedded in two different matrices with different concentrations. The effect of the intensity of light irradiation was studied in the less concentrated sample. Magnetization studies and alternating magnetic susceptibility data are consistent with a collective magnetic behavior due to interparticle dipolar magnetic interaction for the two compounds, even though the objects have a size that place them in the superparamagnetic regime. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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13 pages, 2138 KiB  
Article
New Photomagnetic Ionic Salts Based on [MoIV(CN)8]4− and [WIV(CN)8]4− Anions
by Xinghui Qi, Philippe Guionneau, Enzo Lafon, Solène Perot, Brice Kauffmann and Corine Mathonière
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(7), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7070097 - 06 Jul 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2552
Abstract
Three new ionic salts containing [M(CN)8]4− (M = MoIV and WIV) were prepared using large complex cations based on a non-conventional motif built with the tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (noted hereafter tren) ligand, [{M’(tren)}3(μ-tren)]6+ (M’ = Cu [...] Read more.
Three new ionic salts containing [M(CN)8]4− (M = MoIV and WIV) were prepared using large complex cations based on a non-conventional motif built with the tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (noted hereafter tren) ligand, [{M’(tren)}3(μ-tren)]6+ (M’ = CuII and ZnII). The crystal structures of the three compounds show that the atomic arrangement is formed by relatively isolated anionic and cationic entities. The three compounds were irradiated with a blue light at low temperature, and show a significant photomagnetic effect. The remarkable properties of these compounds are (i) the long-lived photomagnetic metastable states for the [Mo(CN)8]4−-based compounds well above 200 K and (ii) the rare efficient photomagnetic properties of the [W(CN)8]4−-based compound. These photomagnetic properties are compared with the singlet-triplet conversion recently reported for the K4[Mo(CN)8]·2H2O compound. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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13 pages, 2224 KiB  
Article
Structures and Properties of New Organic Molecule-Based Metals, (D)2BrC2H4SO3 [D = BEDT-TTF and BETS]
by Hiroki Akutsu, Yuta Koyama, Scott S. Turner and Yasuhiro Nakazawa
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(7), 91; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7070091 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1849
Abstract
An organic anion, 2-bromoethanesulfonate (BrC2H4SO3−), provides one bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) and two bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene (BETS) salts, the compositions of which are β’’-β’’-(BEDT-TTF)2BrC2H4SO3 (1), β’’-β’’-(BETS)2BrC2H4 [...] Read more.
An organic anion, 2-bromoethanesulfonate (BrC2H4SO3−), provides one bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) and two bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene (BETS) salts, the compositions of which are β’’-β’’-(BEDT-TTF)2BrC2H4SO3 (1), β’’-β’’-(BETS)2BrC2H4SO3 (2), and θ-(BETS)2BrC2H4SO3 (3), respectively. Compound 1 shows a metal–insulator transition at around 70 K. Compound 2 is isomorphous to 1, and 3 is polymorphic with 2. Compounds 2 and 3 show metallic behavior at least down to 4.2 K. The pressure dependence of the electrical resistivity of 1 is also reported. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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12 pages, 3025 KiB  
Article
First Molecular Superconductor with the Tris(Oxalato)Aluminate Anion, β″-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Al(C2O4)3·C6H5Br, and Isostructural Tris(Oxalato)Cobaltate and Tris(Oxalato)Ruthenate Radical Cation Salts
by Toby James Blundell, Michael Brannan, Joey Mburu-Newman, Hiroki Akutsu, Yasuhiro Nakazawa, Shusaku Imajo and Lee Martin
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(7), 90; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7070090 - 22 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2297
Abstract
Peter Day’s research group reported the first molecular superconductor containing paramagnetic metal ions in 1995, β″-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3·C6H5CN. Subsequent research has produced a multitude of BEDT-TTF-tris(oxalato)metallate salts with a variety of [...] Read more.
Peter Day’s research group reported the first molecular superconductor containing paramagnetic metal ions in 1995, β″-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Fe(C2O4)3·C6H5CN. Subsequent research has produced a multitude of BEDT-TTF-tris(oxalato)metallate salts with a variety of structures and properties, including 32 superconductors to date. We present here the synthesis, crystal structure, and conducting properties of the newest additions to the Day series including the first superconductor incorporating the diamagnetic tris(oxalato)aluminate anion, β″-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Al(C2O4)3·C6H5Br, which has a superconducting Tc of ~2.5 K. β″-(BEDT-TTF)4(H3O)Co(C2O4)3·C6H5Br represents the first example of a β″ phase for the tris(oxalato)cobaltate anion, but this salt does not show superconductivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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16 pages, 5911 KiB  
Article
Chiral Radical Cation Salts of Me-EDT-TTF and DM-EDT-TTF with Octahedral, Linear and Tetrahedral Monoanions
by Nabil Mroweh, Alexandra Bogdan, Flavia Pop, Pascale Auban-Senzier, Nicolas Vanthuyne, Elsa B. Lopes, Manuel Almeida and Narcis Avarvari
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(6), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7060087 - 20 Jun 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2254
Abstract
Methyl-ethylenedithio-tetrathiafulvalene (Me-EDT-TTF (1) and dimethyl-ethylenedithio-tetrathiafulvalene (DM-EDT-TTF (2) are valuable precursors for chiral molecular conductors, which are generally obtained by electrocrystallization in the presence of various counter-ions. The number of the stereogenic centers, their relative location on the molecule, the [...] Read more.
Methyl-ethylenedithio-tetrathiafulvalene (Me-EDT-TTF (1) and dimethyl-ethylenedithio-tetrathiafulvalene (DM-EDT-TTF (2) are valuable precursors for chiral molecular conductors, which are generally obtained by electrocrystallization in the presence of various counter-ions. The number of the stereogenic centers, their relative location on the molecule, the nature of the counter-ion and the electrocrystallization conditions play a paramount role in the crystal structures and conducting properties of the resulting materials. Here, we report the preparation and detailed structural characterization of the following series of radical cation salts: (i) mixed valence (1)2AsF6 as racemic, and (S) and (R) enantiomers; (ii) [(S)-1]AsF6·C4H8O and [(R)-1]AsF6·C4H8O where a strong dimerization of the donors is observed; (iii) (1)I3 and (2)I3 as racemic and enantiopure forms and (iv) [(meso)-2]PF6 and [(meso)-2]XO4 (X = Cl, Re), based on the new donor (meso)-2. In the latter, the two methyl substituents necessarily adopt axial and equatorial conformations, thus leading to a completely different packing of the donors when compared to the chiral form (S,S)/(R,R) of 2 in its radical cation salts. Single crystal resistivity measurements, complemented by thermoelectric power measurements in the case of (1)2AsF6, suggest quasi-metallic conductivity for the latter in the high temperature regime, with σRT ≈ 1–10 S cm–1, while semiconducting behavior is observed for the (meso)-2 based salts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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15 pages, 2268 KiB  
Article
Influence of the Size and Shape of Halopyridines Guest Molecules G on the Crystal Structure and Conducting Properties of Molecular (Super)Conductors of (BEDT-TTF)4A+[M3+(C2O4)3]·G Family
by Tatiana G. Prokhorova, Eduard B. Yagubskii, Andrey A. Bardin, Vladimir N. Zverev, Gennadiy V. Shilov and Lev I. Buravov
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(6), 83; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7060083 - 04 Jun 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2012
Abstract
New organic (super)conductors of the β″-(BEDT-TTF)4A+[M3+(C2O4)3]G family, where BEDT-TTF is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene; M is Fe; A is the monovalent cation NH4+; G is 2-fluoropyridine (2-FPy) (1); 2,3-difluoropyridine (2,3-DFPy) (2); [...] Read more.
New organic (super)conductors of the β″-(BEDT-TTF)4A+[M3+(C2O4)3]G family, where BEDT-TTF is bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene; M is Fe; A is the monovalent cation NH4+; G is 2-fluoropyridine (2-FPy) (1); 2,3-difluoropyridine (2,3-DFPy) (2); 2-chloro-3-fluoropyridine (2-Cl-3-FPy) (3); 2,6-dichloropyridine (2,6-DClPy) (4); 2,6-difluoropyridine (2,6-DFPy) (5), have been prepared and their crystal structure and transport properties were studied. All crystals have a layered structure in which the conducting layers of BEDT-TTF radical cations alternate with paramagnetic supramolecular anionic layers {A+[Fe3+(C2O4)3]3−G0}2−. Crystals 1 undergo a structural phase transition from the monoclinic (C2/c) to the triclinic (P1¯) symmetry in the range 100–150 K, whereas crystals 2–5 have a monoclinic symmetry in the entire range of the X-ray experiment (100–300 K). The alternating current (ac) conductivity of salts 1–4 exhibits metallic behavior down to 1.4 K, whereas the salt 5 demonstrates the onset of a superconducting transition at 3.1 K. The structures and conducting properties of 1–5 are compared with those of the known monoclinic phases of the family containing different monohalopyridines as “guest” solvent molecules G. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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6 pages, 1869 KiB  
Article
Crystal-to-Crystal Transformation from K2[Co(C2O4)2(H2O)2]·4H2O to K2[Co(μ-C2O4)(C2O4)]
by Bin Zhang, Yan Zhang, Guangcai Chang, Zheming Wang and Daoben Zhu
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(6), 77; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7060077 - 28 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2727
Abstract
Crystal-to-crystal transformation is a path to obtain crystals with different crystal structures and physical properties. K2[Co(C2O4)2(H2O)2]·4H2O (1) is obtained from K2C2O4·2H [...] Read more.
Crystal-to-crystal transformation is a path to obtain crystals with different crystal structures and physical properties. K2[Co(C2O4)2(H2O)2]·4H2O (1) is obtained from K2C2O4·2H2O, CoCl2·6H2O in H2O with a yield of 60%. It is crystallized in the triclinic with space group P1 and cell parameters: a = 7.684(1) Å, b = 9.011(1) Å, c = 10.874(1) Å, α = 72.151(2)°, β = 70.278(2)°, γ = 80.430(2)°, V = 670.0(1) Å3, Z = 2 at 100 K. 1 is composed of K+, mononuclear anion [Co(C2O4)2(H2O)22−] and H2O. Co2+ is coordinated by two bidentated oxalate anion and two H2O in an octahedron environment. There is a hydrogen bond between mononuclear anion [Co(C2O4)2(H2O)22−] and H2O. K2[Co(μ-C2O4)(C2O4)] (2) is obtained from 1 by dehydration. The cell parameters of 2 are a = 8.460(5) Å, b = 6.906 (4) Å, c = 14.657(8) Å, β = 93.11(1)°, V = 855.0(8) Å3 at 100 K, with space group in P2/c. It is composed of K+ and zigzag [Co(μ-C2O4)(C2O42−]n chain. Co2+ is coordinated by two bisbendentate oxalate and one bidentated oxalate anion in trigonal-prism. 1 is an antiferromagnetic molecular crystal. The antiferromagnetic ordering at 8.2 K is observed in 2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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14 pages, 5286 KiB  
Article
Solvent-Induced Hysteresis Loop in Anionic Spin Crossover (SCO) Isomorph Complexes
by Emmelyne Cuza, Samia Benmansour, Nathalie Cosquer, Françoise Conan, Carlos J. Gómez-García and Smail Triki
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(6), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7060075 - 23 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2164
Abstract
Reaction of Fe(II) with the tris-(pyridin-2-yl)ethoxymethane (py3C-OEt) tripodal ligand in the presence of the pseudohalide ancillary NCSe− (E = S, Se, BH3) ligand leads to the mononuclear complex [Fe(py3C-OEt)2][Fe(py3C-OEt)(NCSe)3]2 [...] Read more.
Reaction of Fe(II) with the tris-(pyridin-2-yl)ethoxymethane (py3C-OEt) tripodal ligand in the presence of the pseudohalide ancillary NCSe− (E = S, Se, BH3) ligand leads to the mononuclear complex [Fe(py3C-OEt)2][Fe(py3C-OEt)(NCSe)3]2·2CH3CN (3), which has been characterised as an isomorph of the two previously reported complexes, Fe(py3C-OEt)2][Fe(py3C-OEt)(NCE)3]2·2CH3CN, with E = S (1), BH3 (2). X-ray powder diffraction of the three complexes (1–3), associated with the previously reported single crystal structures of 1–2, revealed a monomeric isomorph structure for 3, formed by the spin crossover (SCO) anionic [Fe(py3C-OEt)(NCSe)3]− complex, associated with the low spin (LS) [Fe(py3C-OEt)2]2+ cationic complex and two solvent acetonitrile molecules. In the [Fe(py3C-OEt)2]2+ complex, the metal ion environment involves two py3C-OEt tridentate ligands, while the [Fe(py3C-OEt)(NCSe)3]− anion displays a hexacoordinated environment involving three N-donor atoms of one py3C-OEt ligand and three nitrogen atoms arising from the three (NCSe)− coligands. The magnetic studies for 3 performed in the temperature range 300-5-400 K, indicated the presence of a two-step SCO transition centred around 170 and 298 K, while when the sample was heated at 400 K until its complete desolvation, the magnetic behaviour of the high temperature transition (T1/2 = 298 K) shifted to a lower temperature until the two-step behaviour merged with a gradual one-step transition at ca. 216 K. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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18 pages, 4534 KiB  
Article
Neutron Studies of a High Spin Fe19 Molecular Nanodisc
by Francis L. Pratt, Tatiana Guidi, Pascal Manuel, Christopher E. Anson, Jinkui Tang, Stephen J. Blundell and Annie K. Powell
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(6), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7060074 - 21 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2193
Abstract
The molecular cluster system [Fe19(metheidi)10(OH)14O6(H2O)12]NO3·24H2O, abbreviated as Fe19, contains nineteen Fe(III) ions arranged in a disc-like structure with the total spin S = 35/2. For [...] Read more.
The molecular cluster system [Fe19(metheidi)10(OH)14O6(H2O)12]NO3·24H2O, abbreviated as Fe19, contains nineteen Fe(III) ions arranged in a disc-like structure with the total spin S = 35/2. For the first order, it behaves magnetically as a single molecule magnet with a 16 K anisotropy barrier. The high spin value enhances weak intermolecular interactions for both dipolar and superexchange mechanisms and an eventual transition to antiferromagnetic order occurs at 1.2 K. We used neutron diffraction to determine both the mode of ordering and the easy spin axis. The observed ordering was not consistent with a purely dipolar driven order, indicating a significant contribution from intermolecular superexchange. The easy axis is close to the molecular Fe1–Fe10 axis. Inelastic neutron scattering was used to follow the magnetic order parameter and to measure the magnetic excitations. Direct transitions to at least three excited states were found in the 2 to 3 meV region. Measurements below 0.2 meV revealed two low energy excited states, which were assigned to S = 39/2 and S = 31/2 spin states with respective excitation gaps of 1.5 and 3 K. Exchange interactions operating over distances of order 10 Å were determined to be on the order of 5 mK and were eight-times stronger than the dipolar coupling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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12 pages, 1391 KiB  
Article
New Spin-Crossover Compounds Containing the [Ni(mnt)] Anion (mnt = Maleonitriledithiolate)
by Scott S. Turner, Joanna Daniell, Hiroki Akutsu, Peter N. Horton, Simon J. Coles and Volker Schünemann
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(5), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7050072 - 19 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2129
Abstract
Two novel salts containing the anion [Ni(mnt)2]− (mnt = maleonitriledithiolate) have been synthesized. The counter-ions, [Fe(II)(L1 or L2)2], are cationic complexes where L1 and L2 are methylated derivatives of 2,6-bis(pyazolyl)pyridine or pyrazine, [...] Read more.
Two novel salts containing the anion [Ni(mnt)2]− (mnt = maleonitriledithiolate) have been synthesized. The counter-ions, [Fe(II)(L1 or L2)2], are cationic complexes where L1 and L2 are methylated derivatives of 2,6-bis(pyazolyl)pyridine or pyrazine, which are similar to ligands found in a series of spin-crossover (SCO) complexes. Both salts are characterized by variable temperature single crystal X-ray diffraction and bulk magnetization measurements. Compound 1, [Fe(II)(L1)2][Ni(mnt)2]2 displays an incomplete and gradual SCO up to 300 K, followed by a more rapid increase in the high-spin fraction between 300 and 350 K. Compound 2, [Fe(II)(L2)2][Ni(mnt)2]2.MeNO2, shows a gradual, but more complete SCO response centered at 250 K. For compound 2, the SCO is confirmed by variable temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy. In both cases, the anionic moieties are isolated from each other and so no electrical conductivity is observed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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10 pages, 638 KiB  
Article
The Internal Field in a Ferromagnetic Crystal with Chiral Molecular Packing of Achiral Organic Radicals
by Stephen J. Blundell, Tom Lancaster, Peter J. Baker, Francis L. Pratt, Daisuke Shiomi, Kazunobu Sato and Takeji Takui
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(5), 71; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7050071 - 18 May 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2106
Abstract
The achiral organic radical dinitrophenyl nitronyl nitroxide crystallizes in two enantiomorphs, both being chiral tetragonal space groups that are mirror images of each other. Muon-spin rotation experiments have been performed to study the magnetic properties of these crystals and demonstrate that long-range magnetic [...] Read more.
The achiral organic radical dinitrophenyl nitronyl nitroxide crystallizes in two enantiomorphs, both being chiral tetragonal space groups that are mirror images of each other. Muon-spin rotation experiments have been performed to study the magnetic properties of these crystals and demonstrate that long-range magnetic order is established below a temperature of 1.10(1) K. Two oscillatory components are detected in the muon data, which show two different temperature dependences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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14 pages, 6999 KiB  
Article
In Quest of Molecular Materials for Quantum Cellular Automata: Exploration of the Double Exchange in the Two-Mode Vibronic Model of a Dimeric Mixed Valence Cell
by Boris Tsukerblat, Andrew Palii and Sergey Aldoshin
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(5), 66; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7050066 - 12 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1978
Abstract
In this article, we apply the two-mode vibronic model to the study of the dimeric molecular mixed-valence cell for quantum cellular automata. As such, we consider a multielectron mixed valence binuclear d2−d1–type cluster, in which the double exchange, [...] Read more.
In this article, we apply the two-mode vibronic model to the study of the dimeric molecular mixed-valence cell for quantum cellular automata. As such, we consider a multielectron mixed valence binuclear d2−d1–type cluster, in which the double exchange, as well as the Heisenberg-Dirac-Van Vleck exchange interactions are operative, and also the local (“breathing”) and intercenter vibrational modes are taken into account. The calculations of spin-vibronic energy spectra and the “cell-cell”-response function are carried out using quantum-mechanical two-mode vibronic approach based on the numerical solution of the dynamic vibronic problem. The obtained results demonstrate a possibility of combining the function of molecular QCA with that of spin switching in one electronic device and are expected to be useful from the point of view of the rational design of such multifunctional molecular electronic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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16 pages, 28540 KiB  
Article
Magnetic Switching in Vapochromic Oxalato-Bridged 2D Copper(II)-Pyrazole Compounds for Biogenic Amine Sensing
by Nadia Marino, María Luisa Calatayud, Marta Orts-Arroyo, Alejandro Pascual-Álvarez, Nicolás Moliner, Miguel Julve, Francesc Lloret, Giovanni De Munno, Rafael Ruiz-García and Isabel Castro
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(5), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7050065 - 12 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2168
Abstract
A new two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymer of the formula {Cu(ox)(4-Hmpz)·1/3H2O}n (1) (ox = oxalate and 4-Hmpz = 4-methyl-1H-pyrazole) has been prepared, and its structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It consists of corrugated oxalato-bridged [...] Read more.
A new two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymer of the formula {Cu(ox)(4-Hmpz)·1/3H2O}n (1) (ox = oxalate and 4-Hmpz = 4-methyl-1H-pyrazole) has been prepared, and its structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It consists of corrugated oxalato-bridged copper(II) neutral layers featuring two alternating bridging modes of the oxalate group within each layer, the symmetric bis-bidentate (μ-κ2O1,O2:κ2O2′,O1′) and the asymmetric bis(bidentate/monodentate) (μ4-κO1:κ2O1,O2:κO2′:κ2O2′,O1′) coordination modes. The three crystallographically independent six-coordinate copper(II) ions that occur in 1 have tetragonally elongated surroundings with three oxygen atoms from two oxalate ligands, a methylpyrazole-nitrogen defining the equatorial plane, and two other oxalate-oxygen atoms occupying the axial positions. The monodentate 4-Hmpz ligands alternatively extrude above and below each oxalate-bridged copper(II) layer, and the water molecules of crystallization are located between the layers. Compound 1 exhibits a fast and selective adsorption of methylamine vapors to afford the adsorbate of formula {Cu(ox)(4-Hmpz)·3MeNH2·1/3H2O}n (2), which is accompanied by a concomitant color change from cyan to deep blue. Compound 2 transforms into {Cu(ox)(4-Hmpz)·MeNH2·1/3H2O}n (3) under vacuum for three hours. The cryomagnetic study of 1–3 revealed a unique switching from strong (1) to weak (2 and 3) antiferromagnetic interactions. The external control of the optical and magnetic properties along this series of compounds might make them suitable candidates for switching optical and magnetic devices for chemical sensing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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10 pages, 2880 KiB  
Article
Magnetic and Structural Properties of Organic Radicals Based on Thienyl- and Furyl-Substituted Nitronyl Nitroxide
by Tadashi Sugano, Stephen J. Blundell, William Hayes and Hatsumi Mori
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(5), 62; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7050062 - 06 May 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1628
Abstract
Magnetic properties of organic radicals based on thienyl- and furyl-substituted nitronyl nitroxide (NN) and iminonitroxide (IN) were investigated by measuring the temperature dependence of the magnetization. The magnetic behavior of 2-benzo[b]thienyl NN (2-BTHNN) is interpreted in terms of the two-magnetic-dimer model, [...] Read more.
Magnetic properties of organic radicals based on thienyl- and furyl-substituted nitronyl nitroxide (NN) and iminonitroxide (IN) were investigated by measuring the temperature dependence of the magnetization. The magnetic behavior of 2-benzo[b]thienyl NN (2-BTHNN) is interpreted in terms of the two-magnetic-dimer model, in which one dimer exhibits ferromagnetic (FM) intermolecular interaction and the other dimer shows antiferromagnetic (AFM) interaction. The existence of two dimers in 2-BTHNN is supported by crystal structure analysis. The magnetic behaviors of 2-bithienyl NN, 4-(2′-thienyl)phenyl NN (2-THPNN), 2- and 3-furyl NN, 2-benzo[b]furyl NN, and 3-benzo[b]thienyl IN are also reported. The one-dimensional alternating AFM nature observed in 2-THPNN is consistent with its crystal structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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14 pages, 4938 KiB  
Article
New Cyanido-Bridged Heterometallic 3d-4f 1D Coordination Polymers: Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Magnetic Properties
by Diana Dragancea, Ghenadie Novitchi, Augustin M. Mădălan and Marius Andruh
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(5), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7050057 - 28 Apr 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2495
Abstract
Three new 1D cyanido-bridged 3d-4f coordination polymers, {[Gd(L)(H2O)2Fe(CN)6]·H2O}n (1GdFe), {[Dy(L)(H2O)2Fe(CN)6]·3H2O}n (2DyFe), and {[Dy(L)(H2O)2Co(CN)6]·H [...] Read more.
Three new 1D cyanido-bridged 3d-4f coordination polymers, {[Gd(L)(H2O)2Fe(CN)6]·H2O}n (1GdFe), {[Dy(L)(H2O)2Fe(CN)6]·3H2O}n (2DyFe), and {[Dy(L)(H2O)2Co(CN)6]·H2O}n (3DyCo), were assembled following the building-block approach (L = pentadentate bis-semicarbazone ligand resulting from the condensation reaction between 2,6-diacetyl-pyridine and semicarbazide). The crystal structures consist of crenel-like LnIII-MIII alternate chains, with the LnIII ions connected by the hexacyanido metalloligands through two cis cyanido groups. The magnetic properties of the three complexes have been investigated. Field-induced slow relaxation of the magnetization was observed for compounds 2DyFe and 3DyCo. Compound 3DyCo is a new example of chain of Single Ion Magnets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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16 pages, 4385 KiB  
Article
New Radical Cation Salts Based on BDH-TTP Donor: Two Stable Molecular Metals with a Magnetic [ReF6]2− Anion and a Semiconductor with a [ReO4]− Anion
by Nataliya D. Kushch, Gennady V. Shilov, Lev I. Buravov, Eduard B. Yagubskii, Vladimir N. Zverev, Enric Canadell and Jun-ichi Yamada
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(4), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7040054 - 20 Apr 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2119
Abstract
Three radical cation salts of BDH-TTP with the paramagnetic [ReF6]2− and diamagnetic [ReO4]− anions have been synthesized: κ-(BDH-TTP)4ReF6 (1), κ-(BDH-TTP)4ReF6·4.8H2O (2) and pseudo-κ″-(BDH-TTP)3 [...] Read more.
Three radical cation salts of BDH-TTP with the paramagnetic [ReF6]2− and diamagnetic [ReO4]− anions have been synthesized: κ-(BDH-TTP)4ReF6 (1), κ-(BDH-TTP)4ReF6·4.8H2O (2) and pseudo-κ″-(BDH-TTP)3(ReO4)2 (3). The crystal and band structures, as well as the conducting properties of the salts, have been studied. The structures of the three salts are layered and characterized by alternating κ-(1, 2) and κ″-(3) type organic radical cation layers with inorganic anion sheets. Similar to other κ-salts, the conducting layers in the crystals of 1 and 2 are formed by BDH-TTP dimers. The partial population of positions of Re atoms and disorder in the anionic layers of 1–3 are their distinctive features. Compounds 1 and 2 show the metallic character of conductivity down to low temperatures, while 3 is a semiconductor. The ac susceptibility of crystals 1 was investigated in order to test the possible slow relaxation of magnetization associated with the [ReF6]2− anion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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16 pages, 2391 KiB  
Article
Coexistence of Spin Canting and Metamagnetism in a One-Dimensional Mn(II) Compound Bridged by Alternating Double End-to-End and Double End-On Azido Ligands and the Analog Co(II) Compound
by Nesrine Benamara, Zouaoui Setifi, Chen-I Yang, Sylvain Bernès, David K. Geiger, Güneş Süheyla Kürkçüoğlu, Fatima Setifi and Jan Reedijk
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(4), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7040050 - 06 Apr 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2910
Abstract
Two new compounds of general formula [M(N3)2(dmbpy)] in which dmbpy = 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine, and M = Mn(II) or Co(II), have been solvothermally synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. The structures consist of zig-zag polymeric chains with alternating bis-µ(azide-N1)2M [...] Read more.
Two new compounds of general formula [M(N3)2(dmbpy)] in which dmbpy = 5,5′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine, and M = Mn(II) or Co(II), have been solvothermally synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. The structures consist of zig-zag polymeric chains with alternating bis-µ(azide-N1)2M and bis-µ(azide-N1,N3)2M units in which the cis-octahedrally based coordination geometry is completed by the N,N’-chelating ligand dmbpy. The molecular structures are basically the same for each metal. The Mn(II) compound has a slightly different packing mode compared to the Co(II) compound, resulting from their different space groups. Interestingly, relatively weak interchain interactions are present in both compounds and this originates from π–π stacking between the dmbpy rings. The magnetic properties of both compounds have been investigated down to 2 K. The measurements indicate that the manganese compound shows spin-canted antiferromagnetic ordering with a Néel temperature of TN = 3.4 K and further, a field-induced magnetic transition of metamagnetism at temperatures below the TN. This finding affords the first example of an 1D Mn(II) compound with alternating double end-on (EO) and double end-to-end (EE) azido-bridged ligands, showing the coexistence of spin canting and metamagnetism. The cobalt compound shows a weak ferromagnetism resulting from a spin-canted antiferromagnetism and long-range magnetic ordering with a critical temperature, TC = 16.2 K. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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Review

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46 pages, 17913 KiB  
Review
The Peter Day Series of Magnetic (Super)Conductors
by Samia Benmansour and Carlos J. Gómez-García
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(7), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7070093 - 26 Jun 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2120
Abstract
Here, we review the different series of (super)conducting and magnetic radical salts prepared with organic donors of the tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) family and oxalato-based metal complexes (ox = oxalate = C2O42−). Although most of these radical salts have been [...] Read more.
Here, we review the different series of (super)conducting and magnetic radical salts prepared with organic donors of the tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) family and oxalato-based metal complexes (ox = oxalate = C2O42−). Although most of these radical salts have been prepared with the donor bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF = ET), we also include all the salts prepared with other TTF-type donors such as tetrathiafulvalene (TTF), tetramethyl-tetrathiafulvalene (TM-TTF), bis(ethylenediseleno)tetrathiafulvalene (BEST), bis(ethylenedithio)tetraselenafulvalene (BETS) and 4,5-bis((2S)-2-hydroxypropylthio)-4′,5′-(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (DMPET). Most of the oxalate-based complexes are monomers of the type [MIII(C2O4)3]3−, [Ge(C2O4)3]2− or [Cu(C2O4)2]2−, but we also include the reported salts with [Fe2(C2O4)5]4− dimers, [MII(H2O)2[MIII(C2O4)3]2]4− trimers and homo- or heterometallic extended 2D layers such as [MIIMIII(C2O4)3]− and [MII2(C2O4)3]2−. We will present the different structural families and their magnetic properties (such as diamagnetism, paramagnetism, antiferromagnetism, ferromagnetism and even long-range magnetic ordering) that coexist with interesting electrical properties (such as semiconductivity, metallic conductivity and even superconductivity). We will focus on the electrical and magnetic properties of the so-called Day series formulated as β″-(BEDT-TTF)4[A+MIII(C2O4)3]·G, which represents the largest family of paramagnetic metals and superconductors reported to date, with more than fifty reported examples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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Other

12 pages, 3760 KiB  
Perspective
Redox Activity as a Powerful Strategy to Tune Magnetic and/or Conducting Properties in Benzoquinone-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks
by Noemi Monni, Mariangela Oggianu, Suchithra Ashoka Sahadevan and Maria Laura Mercuri
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(8), 109; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7080109 - 02 Aug 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2873
Abstract
Multifunctional molecular materials have attracted material scientists for several years as they are promising materials for the future generation of electronic devices. Careful selection of their molecular building blocks allows for the combination and/or even interplay of different physical properties in the same [...] Read more.
Multifunctional molecular materials have attracted material scientists for several years as they are promising materials for the future generation of electronic devices. Careful selection of their molecular building blocks allows for the combination and/or even interplay of different physical properties in the same crystal lattice. Incorporation of redox activity in these networks is one of the most appealing and recent synthetic strategies used to enhance magnetic and/or conducting and/or optical properties. Quinone derivatives are excellent redox-active linkers, widely used for various applications such as electrode materials, flow batteries, pseudo-capacitors, etc. Quinones undergo a reversible two-electron redox reaction to form hydroquinone dianions via intermediate semiquinone radical formation. Moreover, the possibility to functionalize the six-membered ring of the quinone by various substituents/functional groups make them excellent molecular building blocks for the construction of multifunctional tunable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). An overview of the recent advances on benzoquinone-based MOFs, with a particular focus on key examples where magnetic and/or conducting properties are tuned/switched, even simultaneously, by playing with redox activity, is herein envisioned. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Perspectives on Molecular Materials—A Tribute to Professor Peter Day)
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