Implementation of Chemometrics and Other Techniques as Means of Authenticity and Traceability to Detect Adulteration in Foods Series II

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Analytical Methods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2024) | Viewed by 7485

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Peloponnese, 24100 Antikalamos, Greece
Interests: food technology; food engineering; food safety; food quality; extra virgin olive oil; mycotoxins; fermented foods
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Guest Editor
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
Interests: mycotoxins; nanobiotechnology; postharvest physiology and management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Authenticity and traceability are crucial in order to overcome frauds in the international food trade.

The classification of foods such as olive oils according to their variety and/or geographical origin is of great importance for producers, importers, and consumers. Toward this target of food classification, different multivariate statistical procedures are employed, such as cluster analysis, factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, discriminant analysis, correspondence analysis, canonical analysis, and procrustes analysis.

Recently, artificial intelligence has also been applied to solve food characterization problems.

Different analytical approaches have been employed for the adulteration of foods such as gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA), isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform mid-infrared (FTIR), near-infrared (FT-NIR), and Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy.

Moreover, chemometric methods have been used to process experimental data, such as linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and artificial neural networks (ANN).

Finally, stable isotope ratio analysis (SIRA) offers one of the most promising tools for establishing the authenticity of premium products.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring advances in the area of authentication of foods of plant and animal origin to prevent adulteration for the protection of consumers’ health.

Control measures are perceived as the greatest vulnerability in the food supply chain. In order to decrease contributions to the overall perceived fraud vulnerability, the fraud factors that should be taken into account to control food security are the following: technical opportunities, managerial controls, technical controls, economic drivers, cultural and behavioral drivers, and opportunities in time and place.

Prof. Dr. Theodoros Varzakas
Dr. Sofia Agriopoulou
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • foods
  • security
  • quality
  • safety
  • authenticity
  • traceability
  • adulteration
  • chemometrics
  • multivariate statistics
  • GC/MS
  • IRMS
  • NMR
  • FTIR
  • Raman spectroscopy nutrition
  • health
  • fraud vulnerability
  • control measures

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

18 pages, 1415 KiB  
Review
Challenges in the Use of AI-Driven Non-Destructive Spectroscopic Tools for Rapid Food Analysis
by Wenyang Jia, Konstantia Georgouli, Jesus Martinez-Del Rincon and Anastasios Koidis
Foods 2024, 13(6), 846; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13060846 - 10 Mar 2024
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2102
Abstract
Routine, remote, and process analysis for foodstuffs is gaining attention and can provide more confidence for the food supply chain. A new generation of rapid methods is emerging both in the literature and in industry based on spectroscopy coupled with AI-driven modelling methods. [...] Read more.
Routine, remote, and process analysis for foodstuffs is gaining attention and can provide more confidence for the food supply chain. A new generation of rapid methods is emerging both in the literature and in industry based on spectroscopy coupled with AI-driven modelling methods. Current published studies using these advanced methods are plagued by weaknesses, including sample size, abuse of advanced modelling techniques, and the process of validation for both the acquisition method and modelling. This paper aims to give a comprehensive overview of the analytical challenges faced in research and industrial settings where screening analysis is performed while providing practical solutions in the form of guidelines for a range of scenarios. After extended literature analysis, we conclude that there is no easy way to enhance the accuracy of the methods by using state-of-the-art modelling methods and the key remains that capturing good quality raw data from authentic samples in sufficient volume is very important along with robust validation. A comprehensive methodology involving suitable analytical techniques and interpretive modelling methods needs to be considered under a tailored experimental design whenever conducting rapid food analysis. Full article
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23 pages, 774 KiB  
Review
Current State of Milk, Dairy Products, Meat and Meat Products, Eggs, Fish and Fishery Products Authentication and Chemometrics
by Slim Smaoui, Maria Tarapoulouzi, Sofia Agriopoulou, Teresa D’Amore and Theodoros Varzakas
Foods 2023, 12(23), 4254; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12234254 - 24 Nov 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4064
Abstract
Food fraud is a matter of major concern as many foods and beverages do not follow their labelling. Because of economic interests, as well as consumers’ health protection, the related topics, food adulteration, counterfeiting, substitution and inaccurate labelling, have become top issues and [...] Read more.
Food fraud is a matter of major concern as many foods and beverages do not follow their labelling. Because of economic interests, as well as consumers’ health protection, the related topics, food adulteration, counterfeiting, substitution and inaccurate labelling, have become top issues and priorities in food safety and quality. In addition, globalized and complex food supply chains have increased rapidly and contribute to a growing problem affecting local, regional and global food systems. Animal origin food products such as milk, dairy products, meat and meat products, eggs and fish and fishery products are included in the most commonly adulterated food items. In order to prevent unfair competition and protect the rights of consumers, it is vital to detect any kind of adulteration to them. Geographical origin, production methods and farming systems, species identification, processing treatments and the detection of adulterants are among the important authenticity problems for these foods. The existence of accurate and automated analytical techniques in combination with available chemometric tools provides reliable information about adulteration and fraud. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to present the advances made through recent studies in terms of the analytical techniques and chemometric approaches that have been developed to address the authenticity issues in animal origin food products. Full article
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