Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

5 pages, 998 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Gracilis Myocutaneous Flap for Perineal Defect Reconstruction After Left Hemivulvectomy for Locally Invasive Vulvar Cancer—A Case Report and a Literature Review

by Nicolae Bacalbasa, Irina Balescu, Andreea Mereuta, Alina Tanase, Adriana Ghelmene, Mihaela Vilcu and Iulian Brezean

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 176-180; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P176180 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 70

Abstract

Performing radical surgery for locally advanced vulvar cancer is usually associated with the occurrence of large perineal defects. In order to provide a better healing process of the perineal wound, different reconstructive techniques have been proposed. We present the case of a 63-year-old [...] Read more.

Performing radical surgery for locally advanced vulvar cancer is usually associated with the occurrence of large perineal defects. In order to provide a better healing process of the perineal wound, different reconstructive techniques have been proposed. We present the case of a 63-year-old female patient diagnosed with locally advanced vulvar cancer for which a left hemivulvectomy with bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection was performed. After completion of the resection phase, the reconstruction with gracilis myocutaneous flap was performed. The patient developed a non-union of the flap. However, it slowly healed without any surgical re-intervention. Gracilis myocutaneous flap seems to be an effective and feasible method of perineal reconstruction after extended perineal resection for gynecological malignancies, including vulvar cancer. The method appears effective even in pre-irradiated patients with larger perineal wounds resulting after total pelvic exenteration for locally advanced gynecological malignancies. Full article

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7 pages, 924 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis: Presentation and Management

by Răzvan C. Petca, Răzvan I. Popescu, Cristian Mareș, Claudia Mehedințu, Bogdan Mastalier, Dumitru C. Badiu, Nicoleta Măru, Vlad D. Constantin and Aida Petca

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 169-175; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P169175 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 115

Abstract

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is characterized by the presence of lipid-laden foamy macrophages with both acute and chronic phase inflammatory cells. The aim of the study is to present our experience about patients with Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. 29 patients were evaluated through a complete anamnesis [...] Read more.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is characterized by the presence of lipid-laden foamy macrophages with both acute and chronic phase inflammatory cells. The aim of the study is to present our experience about patients with Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. 29 patients were evaluated through a complete anamnesis and the preoperative management included routine blood and biochemical tests, urine culture and renal ultrasound, intravenous urography and computed tomography (CT). All patients underwent open nephrectomy followed by the pathological exam. The main symptoms of these patients were fever and flank pain. Preoperative laboratory tests revealed anemia, leukocytosis and increasing levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. Kidney failure was noticed in almost half of the cases. This study succeeded to evaluate the demographic, clinical, biological, surgical and histological characteristics. A pathological diagnosis is mandatory mainly for the evaluation of its coexistence with renal carcinoma. Full article

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7 pages, 692 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Glucosamine, Chondroitin and Harpagophytum Procumbens on Femoral Hyaline Cartilage Thickness in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis—An MRI Versus Ultrasonography Study

by Florentin A. Vreju, Paulina L. Ciurea, Anca Rosu, Beatrice A. Chisalau, Cristina D. Parvanescu, Sineta C. Firulescu, Adina Turcu-Stiolica, Andreea L. Barbulescu, Stefan C. Dinescu, Cristiana I. Dumitrescu, Roxana Mihaela Dumitrascu, Criveanu Cristina, Lucretiu Radu, Mihai Tusaliu and Daniela Dumitrescu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 162-168; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P162168 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 163

Abstract

Background: the evaluation of cartilage thickness has become possible with new techniques such as musculoskeletal ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imagining (MRI), making the evaluation of the treatment response and the progression of the disease more accurate. Objective: to evaluate the [...] Read more.

Background: the evaluation of cartilage thickness has become possible with new techniques such as musculoskeletal ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance imagining (MRI), making the evaluation of the treatment response and the progression of the disease more accurate. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of a Symptomatic Slow Acting Drug for Osteoarthritis using both US and MRI for measuring cartilage thickness at baseline and after 1 year. Methods: The study included the clinical evaluation of 20 patients at baseline, at 6 and 12 months as well as imaging exams (US and MRI) at baseline and after 1 year. Measurements were performed in both knees, in lateral and medial condyles, and in the intercondylar area. After the baseline visit, patients underwent a SYSADOA treatment which included Harpagophytum procumbens (HPc) administered on a daily basis, in a specific regimen. Results and discussions: The US examination permitted the detailed evaluation of the femoral hyaline cartilage thickness, with statistically significant differences before and after treatment at the level of the medial compartment, both in the dominant (1.59 ± 0.49 vs. 1.68 ± 0.49, p = 0.0013) and non-dominant knee (1.73 ± 0.53 vs. 1.79 ± 0.52, p = 0.0106). The US and the MRI correlated well (r = 0.63) and showed no radiographic progression in knee osteoarthritis after one year of treatment with specific SYSADOA. Moreover, the US showed improvement in the cartilage thickness of the medial compartment. Conclusions: The combination with HPc could increase the delay in the radiographic progression of the knee osteoarthritis, with improvement of femoral hyaline cartilage thickness in the medial and lateral compartment. The US might be an important tool in OA evaluation and monitoring. Full article

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5 pages, 780 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cardio Metabolic Risk Factors for Atrial Fibrillation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Focus on Hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity

by Mihnea A. Găman, Elena C. Dobrică, Emilia G. Pascu, Matei A. Cozma, Mirela E. Epîngeac, Amelia M. Găman, Anca P. Stoian, Ovidiu G. Bratu and Camelia C. Diaconu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 157-161; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P157161 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 34 | Viewed by 125

Abstract

Objective. Atrial fibrillation (AF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been little explored so far. However, there are several cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM patients, such as arterial hypertension, obesity or the metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to evaluate [...] Read more.

Objective. Atrial fibrillation (AF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been little explored so far. However, there are several cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM patients, such as arterial hypertension, obesity or the metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to evaluate cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM patients. Methods. We studied the medical records of T2DM patients hospitalized in the Internal Medicine department of an emergency referral hospital in Bucharest, Romania. The study was observational, retrospective and carried out between January–June 2018. Results. The study group included 221 T2DM patients (with a mean age of 68.65 ± 10.64, ranging between 37–93 years): 116 women (52.49%; with a mean age of 70.53 ± 10.69, ranging between 37–93 years) and 105 men (47.51%; with a mean age of 66.57 ± 10.23, ranging between 38–91 years). 92 patients had AF (41.63%): 40 women (34.48%) and 52 men (49.52%). 180 patients (81.45%) were hypertensive: 103 women (88.79%) and 77 men (73.33%). 113 patients (51.13%) had metabolic syndrome: 58 women (50.00%) and 55 men (52.38%). 77 patients (34.84%) were obese: 45 women (38.79%) and 32 men (30.48%). AF patients associated obesity in 26 cases (28.26%), hypertension in 73 cases (79.35%) and metabolic syndrome in 56 cases (60.87%). Conclusions. Out of the study group, 92 T2DM patients (41.63%) had AF, men being more likely to suffer from AF than women (p = 0.0288). Hypertension affected 180 patients (81.45%) and in greater proportion women vs. men (p = 0.0051). The metabolic syndrome and obesity were discovered in 113 patients (51.13%) and 77 patients (34.84%), respectively, with no significant differences in terms of gender. In our research, the highest cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM were hypertension (OR = 3.6675) and the metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.3388). Full article

7 pages, 735 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Early Maladjustment Schemas in Individuals With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

by Fazlolah Mirdrikvand, Mohammad Ali Sepahvandi, Siamak Khodarahimi, Simin Gholamrezaei, Mojtaba Rahmian Bougar and Pejman Shafikhani

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 150-156; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P150156 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 93

Abstract

Objective. This study explored Early Maladjustment Schemas (EMSs) among individuals with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus and examined potential moderating roles for gender, level of education, and occupation. Methods. The sample included 371 adult participants (120 patients with diabetes and 251 individuals [...] Read more.

Objective. This study explored Early Maladjustment Schemas (EMSs) among individuals with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus and examined potential moderating roles for gender, level of education, and occupation. Methods. The sample included 371 adult participants (120 patients with diabetes and 251 individuals without diabetes), from Shiraz City, Fars province; Iran. The Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF) was used to assess early maladjustment schemas. Results. Findings showed that patients with type 2 diabetes had significantly higher scores than controls on a number of EMSs, including abandonment, failure, vulnerability, enmeshment, self-sacrifice, entitlement, and insufficient self-control schemas as well as the over-vigilance and inhibition schematic domains. However, results did not support roles for gender, the level of education, and occupation on any of EMSs and schematic domains. Conclusions. Medical and health professionals may find these results helpful for assessment, treatment, and prevention goals in patients with type 2 diabetes. Full article

7 pages, 1026 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Correlation Between Histopathological and Ultrasound Findings Regarding Cesarean Section Scars—A Three-Year Survey Study

by Oana D. Bălălău, Nicolae Bacalbașa, Cristian Bălălău, Carolina Negrei, Bianca Gălățeanu, Octav Ghinghină, Cristina Răduță, Liana Pleș, Anca D. Stănescu and Vasile A. Dumitru

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 143-149; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P143149 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 75

Abstract

The cesarean operation represents a major surgery, with a higher risk of postoperative complications and longer postoperative recovery than vaginal delivery. Due to the increasing frequency of cesarean sections, the ultrasound imaging of the uterine scar has become a particularly useful tool in [...] Read more.

The cesarean operation represents a major surgery, with a higher risk of postoperative complications and longer postoperative recovery than vaginal delivery. Due to the increasing frequency of cesarean sections, the ultrasound imaging of the uterine scar has become a particularly useful tool in identifying its potential long-term complications. This should be done pre-conceptively and quarterly or whenever necessary during pregnancy. Currently, there are only few histopathological studies on the uterine scar, trying to assess the myometrial repair and certain factors that influence the quality of the scar. The study was performed on a batch of 123 patients with previous C-sections, with multiple ultrasound exams during pregnancy and post-operative pathologic evaluation of the uterine scar in order to assess the possibility of a new prognostic score by correlating these two factors. Our study found solid evidence related to possible correlations between histopathological and ultrasound data on the cesarean section scar, which could lead to a possible predictive algorithm with implications for both prognostic and therapeutic fields. Full article

6 pages, 830 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Perfusion Decellularization Heart Model—An Interesting Tool for Cell-Matrix Interaction Studies

by Mihai Meșină, Ion Mîndrilă, Cristian Meșină, Cosmin Vasile Obleagă and Octavian Istrătoaie

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 137-142; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P137142 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 100

Abstract

Objective. In this paper, we present a technique for whole human, pig, or rat heart decellularization in order to obtain a tool for cell-matrix interaction studies and to obtain the extracellular matrix scaffold with applications to the study of cardiac connective tissue architecture [...] Read more.

Objective. In this paper, we present a technique for whole human, pig, or rat heart decellularization in order to obtain a tool for cell-matrix interaction studies and to obtain the extracellular matrix scaffold with applications to the study of cardiac connective tissue architecture for tissue bioengineering. Material and methods. In order to achieve tissue decellularization we present two separate protocols, the first for large animal hearts (e.g., pig hearts) and human hearts, the second for smaller hearts (e.g., rat hearts). We have performed the cardiac decellularization technique on 20 pig hearts, 5 human hearts, and 20 rat hearts. Results. The decellularization technique on the heart was assessed through histological examination. Conclusion. Although the decellularization technique on the heart is currently under development, this process affords the possibility of developing research in the fields of biomaterials, tissue engineering, and cardiac cell cultures. Full article

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7 pages, 888 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Microbiota Signatures in Type-2 Diabetic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease—A Pilot Study

by Gratiela P. Gradisteanu, Roxana A. Stoica, Laura Petcu, Ariana Picu, Adrian P. Suceveanu, Teodor Salmen, Diana S. Stefan, Cristian Serafinceanu, Mariana C. Chifiriuc and Anca P. Stoian

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 130-136; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P130136 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 105

Abstract

The human microbiota is paramount for normal host physiology. Altered host-microbiome interactions are part of the pathogenesis of numerous common ailments. Currently, much emphasis is placed on the involvement of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), impaired glucose tolerance, [...] Read more.

The human microbiota is paramount for normal host physiology. Altered host-microbiome interactions are part of the pathogenesis of numerous common ailments. Currently, much emphasis is placed on the involvement of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), impaired glucose tolerance, and other metabolic disorders (i.e., obesity). Several studies found highly significant correlations of specific intestinal bacteria with T2DM. A better understanding of the role of the microbiome in diabetes and its complications might provide new insights in the development of new therapeutic principles. Our pilot study investigates the microbiota patterns in Romanian type-2 diabetic patients with diabetic kidney disease. Fecal samples were collected from type 2-diabetic patients and healthy controls and further used for bacterial DNA isolation. Using 16 rDNA qRT-PCR, we analyzed phyla abundance (Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes) as well as the relative abundance of specific bacterial groups (Lactobacillus sp., Enterobacteriaceae, Ruminococus sp., Prevotella sp., Faecalibacterium sp., Clostridium coccoides, Clostridium leptum). Our study also investigates the diabetic fungal microbiome for the first time. Furthermore, we report significant correlations between the treatment regimen and microbiota composition in diabetic nephropathy. Full article

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9 pages, 1381 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Pharmacological Research Regarding Some New Quinazolin-4-ones Derivatives

by Cornel Chiriță, Emil Ștefănescu, Cristina Elena Zbârcea, Simona Negreș, Mihaela Bratu, Diana Camelia Nuță, Carmen Limban, Ileana Cornelia Chiriță and Cristina Daniela Marineci

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 121-129; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P121129 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 102

Abstract

A series of new compounds with quinazolin-4-one structure, synthesized by the Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department of the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, was studied. Five of them were selected, conventionally named S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, [...] Read more.

A series of new compounds with quinazolin-4-one structure, synthesized by the Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department of the Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, was studied. Five of them were selected, conventionally named S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and investigated in terms of their potential influence on the central nervous system (CNS). For this purpose, the antidepressant effect was determined using the forced swimming test; the anxiolytic/ anxiogenic effect was determined using the suspended plus-shaped maze (Ugo Basile); the effect on the motor activity was determined using the Ugo Basile activity cage; and the potential analgesic effect was investigated using the hot plate test (Ugo Basile). Compounds S3 and S5 lowered the motor activity and showed an anxiolytic effect, while S1 and S2 proved to have antidepressant and analgesic effects. A good correlation between antidepressant and analgesic effects was observed, consistent with the fact that analgesic drugs, by increasing norepinephrine and serotonin levels in the pain inhibiting descendent pathways, can be used as co-analgesics in therapy. Full article

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11 pages, 1141 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Brain Image Clustering by Wavelet Energy and CBSSO Optimization Algorithm

by Mohammad Sedaghat and Hasan Hosseinzadeh

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 110-120; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P110120 - 27 Apr 2019

Viewed by 95

Abstract

Previously, the diagnosis of brain abnormality was significantly important in the saving of social and hospital resources. Wavelet energy is known as an effective feature detection which has great efficiency in different utilities. This paper suggests a new method based on wavelet energy [...] Read more.

Previously, the diagnosis of brain abnormality was significantly important in the saving of social and hospital resources. Wavelet energy is known as an effective feature detection which has great efficiency in different utilities. This paper suggests a new method based on wavelet energy to automatically classify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images into two groups (normal and abnormal), utilizing support vector machine (SVM) classification based on chaotic binary shark smell optimization (CBSSO) to optimize the SVM weights. The results of the suggested CBSSO-based KSVM are compared favorably to several other methods in terms of better sensitivity and authenticity. The proposed CAD system can additionally be utilized to categorize the images with various pathological conditions, types, and illness modes. Full article

7 pages, 753 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Postpartum Depression and Thyroid Dysfunction–Should Pregnant Women be Screened for Thyroid Disorders?

by Anca A. Simionescu and Erika Marin

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 103-109; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P103109 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 105

Abstract

The relationship between thyroid dysfunction and postpartum depression has been investigated for quite some time now, but no consensus has been reached regarding the need for screening for thyroid function during pregnancy. This paper aims to investigate whether thyroid hormone screening in pregnancy [...] Read more.

The relationship between thyroid dysfunction and postpartum depression has been investigated for quite some time now, but no consensus has been reached regarding the need for screening for thyroid function during pregnancy. This paper aims to investigate whether thyroid hormone screening in pregnancy might contribute to the diagnosis of postpartum depression. Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) - one of the most widely used measures in detecting postpartum depression and anxiety. Thyroid function was measured using the commonly recommended thyroid laboratory tests. A structured questionnaire was given to 61 patients closely monitored during their pregnancy and at least one year after giving birth, including for thyroid and depression disorders. The questionnaire was completed anonymously online by the patients and had three sections: one containing the EPDS questions, one assessing thyroid function, and a demographic section. The interdependency between thyroid and depression was analyzed in SPSS using the Pearson chi-square test of independence. The results show no statistically significant relationship between thyroid dysfunction and depression. In other words, women suffering from thyroid dysfunctions have no greater rate of depression compared to women without thyroid dysfunction. As a result, it screening for thyroid disorders during pregnancy may not provide relevant information for detecting postnatal depression. Full article

8 pages, 704 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Vulnerability and Physical Well-Being of Caregivers: What Relationship?

by Salvatore Settineri, Fabio Frisone, Angela Alibrandi and Emanuele Maria Merlo

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 95-102; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P95102 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 86

Abstract

Objectives. To assess relationships among burden, compassion, and well-being and health among an active group of caregivers. Methods. 301 caregivers with female prevalence (F = 61.1%, M = 38.9%) and ages between 18 and 84 years old (average = 38.72; SD 13.36) participated. [...] Read more.

Objectives. To assess relationships among burden, compassion, and well-being and health among an active group of caregivers. Methods. 301 caregivers with female prevalence (F = 61.1%, M = 38.9%) and ages between 18 and 84 years old (average = 38.72; SD 13.36) participated. Evaluation was carried using standardized instruments to assess: Burdens (CBI), dimensions related to Compassion and Burnout (ProQOL-5), State of Well-being (Who-5) and particular health-related domains (Emotional state, Physical health, Depressive Polarity, Dysphoric Polarity-SF-36). Correlational analyses and multivariate linear regressions were performed. Results. Positive correlations emerged between Burdens and Compassion Fatigue, Well-being and Satisfaction; inverse correlations emerged among Well-being and Burnout, Compassion Satisfaction and Emotional State, with the exception of Time Dependence. Multivariate linear regression indicated relations among Compassion Fatigue with Depression and Social Burden, Compassion Satisfaction with Depressive Polarity and Dysphoria and Burnout with Social Burden. Conclusions. Caregivers’ work presents various risks, with negative outcomes that need to be addressed for this group of professionals. These risks present a professional and human development opportunity. Full article

9 pages, 753 KiB

Open AccessReview

Microleakage—The Main Culprit in Bracket Bond Failure?

by Ioana Roxana Bordea, Adina Sîrbu, Ondine Lucaciu, Aranka Ilea, Radu Septimiu Câmpian, Doina Adina Todea, Teodora Gabriela Alexescu, Maria Aluaș, Corina Budin and Andreea Simona Pop

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 86-94; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P8694 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 80

Abstract

Microleakage is the most common cause of bracket debonding. Moreover, different thermal expansion coefficients between the enamel, the adhesive, and the bracket bases will cause repeated expansion and contraction, adding more stress to the bonding strength. Debonding represents the failure of the adhesion [...] Read more.

Microleakage is the most common cause of bracket debonding. Moreover, different thermal expansion coefficients between the enamel, the adhesive, and the bracket bases will cause repeated expansion and contraction, adding more stress to the bonding strength. Debonding represents the failure of the adhesion between the brackets and the tooth enamel. The debonding of brackets from the enamel surface is the result of several factors, such as acid-etching and drying, adhesive application, and the time and type of photo activation. The under polymerization process of composite photo activation may lead to early bracket debonding. Objective. The aim of this research is to review the available studies assessing bracket debonding due to microleakage. Material and Methods. An electronic search in Pub Med database and Web of Science was conducted between September-October 2018. The inclusion criteria were articles written in English, full-text articles, studies published in the last 5 years, studies in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. The outcome measures in this research were the conditions that determine orthodontic bracket debonding due to microleakage. Results. The MEDLINE search resulted in 510 titles and abstracts that were relevant to the present topic; after selecting the articles published in the last five years, 74 were available for further selection. After the exclusion of all the studies irrelevant for the aim of the paper, 13 articles were finally included in this research. In vitro studies showed that microleakage score was higher in the gingival margin at the enamel-adhesive interfaces and in the occlusal margin at the adhesive-metal bracket interfaces. Conclusion. Bracket debonding remains the main concern during the orthodontic treatment, despite the new techniques. Full article

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8 pages, 810 KiB

Open AccessReview

Serum Markers of Bone Fragility in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

by Rucsandra Dănciulescu Miulescu, Loreta Guja, Lavinia Claudia Ochiana, Anca Ungurianu, Oana Cristina Șeremet and Emil Ștefănescu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 78-85; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P7885 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 101

Abstract

Patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have normal or increased bone mineral density (BMD) but despite that, they are characterized by an increased hip and vertebral fracture risk that involves the alteration of bone quality and not the reduction in bone mass. BMD [...] Read more.

Patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have normal or increased bone mineral density (BMD) but despite that, they are characterized by an increased hip and vertebral fracture risk that involves the alteration of bone quality and not the reduction in bone mass. BMD is utilized for the diagnosis and evaluation of osteoporosis, but BMD itself cannot provide an accurate diagnosis of the individuals at increased risk of fracture and, therefore, studies have focused on identifying other risk factors that are partially or fully independent of BMD. The fracture risk score tool-FRAX^® models provide information about a 10-year probability of osteoporotic fractures, but do not include risk factors specific to illness such as diabetes duration, diabetes drug therapy, glycemic control, or the presence of micro-vascular complications. Multiple markers have been investigated to provide information on the risk of fractures in patients with T2DM such as: advanced glycation end products (AGEs), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), osteocalcin (OC), adiponectin, and sclerostin, but epidemiological studies did not provide homogeneous information regarding the link between these markers and bone fragility in T2DM subjects. Markers that increase the accuracy of fracture risk estimation in patients with T2DM need to be identified and employed in current medical practice. Full article

6 pages, 595 KiB

Open AccessReview

Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma; Recurrence, Malignant Transformation and Risk Factors

by Alexandru Meius, Teodora Ghindea, Catalina Pietrosanu, Irina Ionita, Daniel Timofte, Cornelia Nitipir, Laura Mazilu, Andreea Rusescu, Silviu Pituru and Razvan Hainarosie

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 72-77; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P7277 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 91

Abstract

Sinonasal inverted papilloma is a rare benign epithelial tumor. Its three main clinical characteristics are the tendency of recurrence, the destructive ability of nearby structures and malignant transformation. The primary manifestations of this tumor include nasal obstruction, headaches, runny nose, hemorrhage and impaired [...] Read more.

Sinonasal inverted papilloma is a rare benign epithelial tumor. Its three main clinical characteristics are the tendency of recurrence, the destructive ability of nearby structures and malignant transformation. The primary manifestations of this tumor include nasal obstruction, headaches, runny nose, hemorrhage and impaired sense of smell. The diagnosis is based on the clinical and endoscopic examination completed by CT or MRI scans and biopsy of the lesion. Allergies, chronic inflammation, nicotinism and viral infections such as HPV infection are considered possible causes of pathogenesis and potential risk factors for relapse and malignancy. The treatment for this condition is the complete removal of the tumor with disease-free margins. Postoperative follow-up is essential for the early detection of recurrence or malignant transformation. One of the most basic and important steps in managing these patients is to acknowledge the presence of the mentioned risk factors and avoid exposure. Due to the high risk of relapse, the follow-up must be aggressive and thorough and always include the endoscopic examination. In our article, we wish to highlight the importance of the proper surgical intervention, but also the difference in the overall outcome of the patient ensured by the correct management of the risk factors, allowing us to prevent recurrence and malignant transformation. Full article

8 pages, 702 KiB

Open AccessReview

Photodynamic Therapy as a New Therapeutic Approach of Oral Lichen Planus

by Sandra Milena Tocut, Madalina Irina Mitran, Cristina Iulia Mitran, Mircea Tampa, Maria Isabela Sarbu, Gabriela Loredana Popa and Simona Roxana Georgescu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 64-71; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P6471 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 70

Abstract

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, immunologically mediated disease, defined by periods of exacerbation and quiescence. The disease is associated with a low mortality risk, but in some instances, morbidity can be important, especially in extensive, erosive forms, with a significant impact [...] Read more.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, immunologically mediated disease, defined by periods of exacerbation and quiescence. The disease is associated with a low mortality risk, but in some instances, morbidity can be important, especially in extensive, erosive forms, with a significant impact on the quality of life. OLP is a chronic T-cell mediated inflammatory disease involving the oral cavity, the most common lesions being located on the oral mucosa, tongue and gums. Its etiology remains in part unknown, but several factors proved to be involved in the development of the disease (drugs, dental materials, infectious agents, psychological factors, autoimmunity and genetic predisposition). The therapeutic approach should take into account the type of lesion and the extent of the disease, as well as the possible adverse effects. Although several therapies are available, OLP treatment still remains a challenge. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is widely used in dermatology, finding applicability in the treatment of an increasing number of conditions. Recent research has shown the role of PDT in the treatment of OLP. It is a minimally invasive therapy with few side effects and promising results. Full article

6 pages, 686 KiB

Open AccessReview

Endothelial Dysfunction in Adolescents and Young Adults with Nonalcoholic Liver Disease

by Cristiana G. Moise, Octavian Istrătoaie, Ionuț Donoiu, Edme R. Mustafa, Georgică C. Târtea, Diana R. Tudorașcu and Ion Rogoveanu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 58-63; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P5863 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 94

Abstract

Nonalcoholic liver disease is a global public health problem that increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients. This paper discusses endothelial dysfunction among patients (adolescents and young adults) with nonalcoholic liver disease. On the one hand, evidence suggests that cardiovascular disease is [...] Read more.

Nonalcoholic liver disease is a global public health problem that increases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients. This paper discusses endothelial dysfunction among patients (adolescents and young adults) with nonalcoholic liver disease. On the one hand, evidence suggests that cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in patients with advanced nonalcoholic liver disease and that nonalcoholic fatty liver is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease independent of the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome components. On the other hand, nonalcoholic liver disease, especially the non-inflammatory form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, may not only be a marker of cardiovascular damage but also a factor involved in its pathogenesis. Such patients are candidates not only for the treatment of liver disease but also for the early treatment of cardiovascular risk factors because many of them, especially those with severe nonalcoholic liver disease, will develop major cardiovascular events and may eventually die of cardiovascular disease before the advanced liver disease occurs. Full article

6 pages, 672 KiB

Open AccessReview

Immune and Inflammatory Pathways in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). An Update

by Sorina Cezara Coste, Ionela Popovici, Andreea Maria Stefan, Iulia Breaban, Adela Sitar Taut, Simina Tarmure Sarlea, Angela Cozma, Dorel Sampelean, Olga Hilda Orasan, Vasile Negrean and Lucia Maria Procopciuc

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 52-57; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P5257 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 102

Abstract

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), also known as fatty liver disease (FLD), is a major public health problem. It is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Chronic inflammation of the liver is an essential key in the progression from simple hepatic [...] Read more.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), also known as fatty liver disease (FLD), is a major public health problem. It is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. Chronic inflammation of the liver is an essential key in the progression from simple hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis, the evolutionary stage of fatty liver disease. Moreover, the innate immune system plays a crucial role in the progression of hepatic inflammation. For this reason, it is of utmost importance to elucidate the connections between immune mechanisms, Toll-like receptor cytokine signalling, in order to find new effective treatments. Further studies are necessary to test theories presented in this paper. The elucidation of mechanisms underlying the progression of hepatic steatosis towards steatohepatitis is essential for the development of useful diagnosis and treatment for medical practice. Full article

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5 pages, 671 KiB

Open AccessReview

Primary Renal Hydatid Cyst—A Review

by Lucian Iorga, Radu Anghel, Dragos Marcu, Bogdan Socea, Camelia C. Diaconu, Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu, Liliana F. Andronache, Stana Paunica and Dan Liviu Dorel Mischianu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 47-51; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P4751 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 115

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of primary renal hydatidosis. A thorough review of the literature was made using the PubMed database. Cystic echinococcosis is a disease that results from infection with the larval stage [...] Read more.

The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of primary renal hydatidosis. A thorough review of the literature was made using the PubMed database. Cystic echinococcosis is a disease that results from infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, a tiny tapeworm found in dogs (definitive host), sheep, cattle, goats, foxes and pigs, amongst others (intermediate hosts). Humans are accidentally intermediate hosts, who become infected by direct contact with infected dogs, by ingesting contaminated raw or undercooked vegetables or by drinking contaminated water. Renal involvement by hydatid disease is uncommon (less than 3–4%), most cystic lesions occurring in the lungs or liver. Patients may be asymptomatic or they can present with flank pain, hematuria or hypertension. Hydaturia, considered a pathognomonic sign, is seen in less than 20% of cases. Imaging investigations are essential in making the correct diagnosis, the most commonly used means being ultrasonography and CT scans. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment, but other therapeutic options are also available. Full article

6 pages, 683 KiB

Open AccessReview

High Intensity Interval Training—As Good as in Athletes as in Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome?

by Iulia Olimpia Pfingstgraf, Victoria Maria Ruta, Vasile Negrean, Mircea Ioan Handru, Olga Hilda Orășan and Teodora Gabriela Alexescu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 41-46; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P4146 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 105

Abstract

HIIT training (high intensity interval training) is one of the most effective means of improving both cardio-respiratory and metabolic functions as well as physical performance of athletes. It includes a series of intensive physical exercises (e.g. running until reaching 90% of the maximum [...] Read more.

HIIT training (high intensity interval training) is one of the most effective means of improving both cardio-respiratory and metabolic functions as well as physical performance of athletes. It includes a series of intensive physical exercises (e.g. running until reaching 90% of the maximum possible pulse), with intermittent rest periods. Active intervals can range between 45 and 240 seconds and alternate with easy exercise periods or even rest periods. This type of training is based on a different principle than regular exercises, where the effort is constantly dosed with an average intensity over a longer period of time. Initially, these exercised were used for practicing performance athletics, but they were also adopted by the fitness world for their efficacy in burning fat, which has been demonstrated in multiple studies. It has been observed that the attainment of the maximum cardiovascular performance and peripheral adaptation by athletes is determined by reaching 90% of the maximum aerobic capacity [VO2max]. Thus, new trends in sports medicine structure specific training protocols that allow 90% of VO2 max to be maintained for long periods of time. Moreover, there is evidence that HIIT influences cardiovascular response, anaerobic glycogenesis, blood glucose levels, neuromuscular yield, and musculoskeletal tension, parameters that can be improved not only in athletes but also in individuals with metabolic syndrome. The HIIT recommendation is made after considering a number of factors such as the intensity and duration of the exercise as well as the recovery period, the exercise mode, and the number of repetitions and series. Full article

10 pages, 930 KiB

Open AccessReview

Oncogenesis—Kaleidoscopic and Multi-Level Reality

by Firmilian Calotă, Cristian Meșină, Stelian Ștefăniță Mogoantă and Dragoș Calotă

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 31-40; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P3140 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 102

Abstract

Oncogenesis is an extremely complex phenomenon. The mechanisms by which cancer is induced is only partially known. Consequently, therapeutic targets may be uncertain and results are often unsatisfactory. The purpose of this paper is to develop a trans-level and multiple trans-disciplinary perspective describing [...] Read more.

Oncogenesis is an extremely complex phenomenon. The mechanisms by which cancer is induced is only partially known. Consequently, therapeutic targets may be uncertain and results are often unsatisfactory. The purpose of this paper is to develop a trans-level and multiple trans-disciplinary perspective describing the kaleidoscopic reality of oncogenesis. This manner of understanding oncogenesis as a complex process characterized by a non-linear dynamic, far from equilibrium and with unpredictable evolution, transcends the classical perspective and requires a paradigm shift. This approach is also facilitated by recent studies that focus on group phenomena, with emerging behaviors in a continuous phase transition. Biological systems, and obviously the human organism, express this type of behavior with critical self-organizing valences in the context of a genome - mesotope (environment) - phenotype interaction. For example, nature has transposed in the ecosystem, among other things, the performance pattern of its mineral history represented by the dynamic energy-matter-information unit (the principle of invariance). And multi-cell biological systems in the phylogenetic tree crown have multiple directed aerobic metabolisms in accordance with specific functions. Cancers, in turn, have a hybrid (anaerobic and aerobic) and unidirectional metabolism whose only and ultimate reason is the survival of the malignant cell. Understanding the transdisciplinary reality of oncogenesis offers novel development paths for new therapeutic strategies compared to current ones which have relatively limited efficiency. Full article

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5 pages, 596 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis—A Literature Review

by Roxana-Emanuela Popoiag, Anca Pantea-Stoian, Adrian P. Suceveanu, Andra I. Suceveanu, Laura Mazilu, Irinel R. Parepa, Laura M. Serban, Mihai Paunica, Catalina Motofei and Carmen Fierbinteanu Braticevici

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 26-30; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P2630 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 105

Abstract

Gut microbiota is an essential component in the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis and its complications. There is a direct relationship between the gut and the liver called the gutliver axis through which bacteria can reach the liver through the portal venous blood. However, [...] Read more.

Gut microbiota is an essential component in the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis and its complications. There is a direct relationship between the gut and the liver called the gutliver axis through which bacteria can reach the liver through the portal venous blood. However, it remains unclear how bacteria leave the intestine and reach the fluid collection in the abdomen. A series of mechanisms have been postulated to be involved in the pathogenesis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and other complications of liver cirrhosis, including bacterial translocation, bacterial overgrowth, altered intestinal permeability and dysfunctional immunity. The hepatic function may also be affected by the alteration of intestinal microbiota composition. Current treatment in SBP is antibiotic therapy, but lately, probiotics have been the useful treatment suggested to improve the intestinal barrier and prevent bacterial translocation. However, studies are contradictory regarding their usefulness. In this review, we will summarize the literature data on the pathogenesis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis concerning the existence of a relationship with the microbiota and the useful use of probiotics. Full article

7 pages, 809 KiB

Open AccessReview

Management Options in the Sudden Hearing Loss of a Diabetic Patient

by Andreea Rusescu, Viorel Zainea, Oana Ruxandra Iana, Irina Ioniță, George Traian Alexandru Burcea-Dragomiroiu, Dragos Cristian Ștefănescu, Dumitru Cristinel Badiu, Florentina Gherghiceanu, Cătălina Pietrosanu, Corina Silvia Pop, Razvan Hainarosie and Mura Hainarosie

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 19-25; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P1925 - 27 Apr 2019

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Abstract

The aim of our paper is to highlight the main therapeutic principles and the management options in the case of a diabetic patient who has had a sudden hearing loss. Mainly, the aim is to underline the sudden hearing loss treatment adjustment of [...] Read more.

The aim of our paper is to highlight the main therapeutic principles and the management options in the case of a diabetic patient who has had a sudden hearing loss. Mainly, the aim is to underline the sudden hearing loss treatment adjustment of the diabetic patient compared to the non-diabetic patient. By understanding the mechanism of sudden hearing loss in a diabetic patient, namely the impact of glycemic variations and their implication on the microvascular structures of the inner ear, we try to underline the treatment principles and management options of the previously mentioned combined pathologies. Thus, it is necessary to adapt the classes of drugs used in the case of sudden sensorineural hearing loss of the diabetic patient in comparison with the non-diabetic patient, in order not to aggravate or complicate the patient’s functional status. Therefore, the treatment will need to be adapted both by classes of medication and by the type of administration used. Adequate control of the progression, treatment and complications of diabetes mellitus ensures optimal treatment management in case of a sudden hearing loss and therefore interferes with the favorable functional hearing outcomes. The role of this paper is not only to state the therapeutic principles in the case of sudden hearing loss in a diabetic patient, but also to analyze the impact on the management of potential local and systemic risk factors. Full article

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8 pages, 615 KiB

Open AccessReview

Physical Exercise—The Friend or the Enemy of the Patient with Pulmonary Tuberculosis?

by Victoria Maria Ruta, Teodora Gabriela Alexescu, Simina Tarmure, Vasile Negrean, Monica Carmen Pop, Nicoleta Motoc, Iulia Olimpia Pfingstgraf, Mirela Georgiana Perne, Lorena Ciumarnean, Simona Valeria Clichici and Adina Milena Man

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 11-18; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P1118 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 90

Abstract

Introduction. Tuberculosis, a major cause of morbidity and mortality, is the second cause of death from an infectious disease, after HIV/AIDS. Each second, a new infection occurs around the globe. Pulmonary tuberculosis can equally affect a performance athlete as well as an aspiring [...] Read more.

Introduction. Tuberculosis, a major cause of morbidity and mortality, is the second cause of death from an infectious disease, after HIV/AIDS. Each second, a new infection occurs around the globe. Pulmonary tuberculosis can equally affect a performance athlete as well as an aspiring athlete. Physical exercise must be individualized and customized. Pulmonary rehabilitation guides 3 recommend types of exercises for patients with obstructive pathology: stretching, cardiovascular exercise or aerobics. Exercises must be started under medical supervision and must be interrupted if: the ventricular altitude increases above the maximum estimated level for the age, oxygen saturation (SaO₂). Aim. The current review aims at raising awareness on post-tuberculosis disabilities and on the fact that such a frequent pathology with major sequelae is currently being ignored, since there are very few studies on this subject. Material and Method. The purpose of this research was to summarize the current literature regarding the influence of physical activity on patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. An electronic search of Pub Med database and Web of Science was conducted until September 2018. Results and discussions: Only the studies that were published in English were included in this research. The search in the databases was performed using the following keywords: “pulmonary tuberculosis” or “physical activity in respiratory diseases”. The studies from the reference list of the databases were then searched manually. Conclusions. Current pulmonary rehabilitation programs with clear evidence of clinical improvement of the chronic pulmonary pathology are being studied excessively without placing too much emphasis on tuberculosis. It is necessary to develop guidelines for these patients, with a precise onset of the rehabilitation programs, adapted and individualized exercise types, as well as other measures for assessing the outcomes. Full article

5 pages, 764 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Risk of Bleeding and Encephalopathy in Surgical Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

by Petrișor Banu, Salvatore Settineri, Emanuele Maria Merlo, Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello, Nicolae Bacalbașa, Carolina Negrei, Bianca Gălățeanu, Octav Ghinghină, Ioana Păunica and Cristian Bălălău

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 6-10; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P610 - 27 Apr 2019

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 77

Abstract

Liver cirrhosis is a disease with an increasing incidence. Surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis are also increasing, due to a longer life expectancy in these patients and also to the improvement of therapeutic and diagnostic resources. Digestive hemorrhage in the cirrhotic patient [...] Read more.

Liver cirrhosis is a disease with an increasing incidence. Surgical procedures in patients with cirrhosis are also increasing, due to a longer life expectancy in these patients and also to the improvement of therapeutic and diagnostic resources. Digestive hemorrhage in the cirrhotic patient requires emergency medical intervention (intensive therapy, endoscopic or even surgical approaches), being at the same time a factor that precipitates episodes of encephalopathy, i.e. the conventional complication of cirrhosis. Hepatic encephalopathy represents one of the most severe clinical events of cirrhosis, being associated with high morbidity and mortality. The causes of hepatic encephalopathy are briefly presented in this paper. Therapeutic approaches currently available consist in the administration of non-absorbable disaccharides such as lactulose and non-absorbable antibiotics such as rifaximin. New therapeutic perspectives are under evaluation, e.g., ammonia scavengers and the modulation of gut microbiota. Clotting disorders in patients with liver cirrhosis are more severe as the disease progresses and involves complex mechanisms, as presented in this review. The correction of possible disorders of hemostasis should be promptly made as a sine qua non condition prior to surgery. Full article

5 pages, 671 KiB

Open AccessReview

Ethical Aspects in Managing Patients Diagnosed with Digestive Cancers; A Review of Literature

by Andrada Dumitru, Cornelia Nitipir, Gabriel Preda, Dragos Radu Marcu, Dumitru Cristinel Badiu, Gheorghe Andreea, Corina Silvia Pop, Laura Marina Serban, Roxana Hulea and Silviu Pituru

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2019, 6(1), 1-5; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.61.P15 - 27 Apr 2019

Viewed by 82

Abstract

Numerous bioethical recommendations are now available in the complex process of communication with cancer patients. In this review, we have focused on the complex process of managing patients with different types of oncologic digestive diseases, immediately after the diagnosis is made. We have [...] Read more.

Numerous bioethical recommendations are now available in the complex process of communication with cancer patients. In this review, we have focused on the complex process of managing patients with different types of oncologic digestive diseases, immediately after the diagnosis is made. We have analyzed the literature data on the topic. MEDSCAPE and PubMed databases have been studied. Issues such as telling the truth to patients with digestive cancer, the physician's responsibility in the psychological management of patients and their relatives, the nurses’ duties, the consented death, the practice of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) as well as the clinical research have been the main targets of our study. Full article

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J. Mind Med. Sci., Volume 6, Issue 1 (April 2019) – 26 articles

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