Children, Volume 11, Issue 1

Evidence suggests that early physical activity interventions are a means of preventing childhood obesity and are more effective when delivered in a school setting and based on the ecological model. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the e...

Background: Chronic hepatitis B affects close to 300 million people globally with 1.5 million new infections per year. It causes the highest numbers of cirrhosis and liver cancer diagnoses each year. In children, perinatal transmission and contact wi...

Blunt pancreatic injury (BPI) is relatively uncommon in children, and is associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality, especially if diagnosis is delayed. The aim of this report is to review the literature regarding controversial questions...

Objectives: Septic arthritis (SA) is a serious bacterial infection that must be treated efficiently and timely. The large number of culture-negative cases makes local epidemiological data important. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the etiol...

Background: Reports on the survival of infants born at periviable gestation (GA of ≤24 weeks and birth weight of <500 gm) vary significantly. We aimed to determine hospital factors associated with their survival and to assess the trend for the...

Early childhood intervention is crucial for the development of minors with disabilities or at risk. Family-centred planning (FCP), which involves families in care, stands out in this context. Despite its importance, little is known about professional...

Background: This study explores family functioning and its associations with adolescent major depressive disorder (MDD), comparing its dynamics with healthy counterparts. Family functioning (cohesion, flexibility, communication, and satisfaction), ma...

The children’s fairytale is a playful educational tool that can be modified in such a way to enhance motor proficiency. This study investigated the effect of an online exercise program with modified fairytales on children’s motor proficie...

The atherosclerotic process begins in childhood and progresses throughout adult age. Hypercholesterolemia, especially familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and metabolic dysfunctions linked to weight excess and obesity, are the main atherosclerosis risk...

Air pollution poses a significant public health challenge, and Kosovo, a low-middle-income country in the Balkan peninsula, suffers from particularly poor air quality, especially around the area of the capital Pristina. The availability of accurate a...

The early intervention of motor training based on specific tasks and parent empowerment represents the new paradigm for the rehabilitation of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). However, most published studies address the problem of the effectiveness...

There is limited understanding of attrition (premature treatment withdrawal and non-completion) from pediatric chronic pain services. This narrative review aimed to summarize attrition prevalence from face-to-face pediatric outpatient chronic pain in...

This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between energy expenditure, physical fitness level, physical activity, and body mass index among children taking part in a 30 min school recess. A total of 259 participants from three schools...

(1) Background: Neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS) is associated with important mortality and morbidity. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between serum and hematological biomarkers with early onset neonatal sepsis in a cohort of...

Trait anxiety, emotion regulation strategies, and metacognitive beliefs influence executive functions (EFs) and academic achievement. This study examines their interplay and impact on academic success. In total, 275 adolescents (10–17 years) an...

The most common acute infection and leading cause of death in children worldwide is pneumonia. Clinical and laboratory tests essentially diagnose community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). CAP can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or atypical microorganisms....

Preterm infants bypass the crucial in utero period of brain development and are at increased risk of malnutrition. We aimed to determine if their nutritional status is associated with brain tissue volumes at term equivalent age (TEA), applying recent...

In the original publication [...]

Currently, the use of digital tools has led to significant changes in the educational system, favouring equity and the inclusion of students with educational needs. In this context, students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) benefit from using thes...

Numerous adolescents diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) often manifest symptoms indicative of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). However, the precise connection between FGIDs and AIS remains unclear. The study involved a...

Statins are a class of medications primarily used in adults to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. However, the use of statins in children is generally limited and carefully considered despite the well-documented an...

Non-unions are quite rare in closed fractures in children. Most distal radius fractures require orthopedic reduction and conservative treatment with very good radiological and clinical/functional results. In case of unsatisfactory reduction, surgical...

Background. The Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) was adapted for American and Chinese youth, but never for European youth. Moreover, the factor structures found in these previous studies were not consistent. Methods. The DTS was adapted for Portuguese...

Background: The massive resection of the small intestine leading to short bowel syndrome (SBS) deprives an organism of many immunocompetent cells concentrated in gut-associated lymphoid tissue, the largest immune organ in humans. We have aimed to acc...

Objective: This study investigates the difference in the rates of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very low birth weight infants before and after the introduction of neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA). Study Design: A retrospective cohort study...

Background: Nissen Fundoplication (NF) is a frequently performed procedure in children. Robotic-assisted Nissen Fundoplication (RNF), with the utilization of the Senhance^® Surgical System (SSS^®) (Asensus Surgical^® Inc., Durham, NC, USA) f...

To date, little research on competition has focused on young children (6–7-year-olds). A total of ninety-seven participants (51 boys and 46 girls) from two English primary schools completed two physical education (PE) lessons, which included th...

Background: Adolescence is a crucial time in the development of young people’s identity, and sexuality is a key issue. Comprehensive sex education provides the knowledge and skills to help adolescents protect their sexual and reproductive healt...

The major focus of this research is the level of awareness among Dutch parents of general patient rights in relation to minors’ patient rights. Moreover, this study is intended to highlight the most effective strategies to increase the awarenes...

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is commonly misdiagnosed because of the complexity of presentation and multiple diagnostic criteria. FASD includes four categorical entities (fetal alcohol syndrome, partial fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol relat...

Childhood obesity is a complex disease with multiple biological and psychosocial risk factors. Recently, novel digital programs were developed with growing evidence for their effectiveness in pediatric weight management studies. The ENDORSE platform...

The restoration of sagittal alignment is fundamental to the surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Despite established techniques, some patients present with inadequate postoperative thoracic kyphosis (TK), which may increase t...

Background and aim: Persisting gastrointestinal symptoms are reported to be relatively common in children with long COVID; however, their detailed characterization and long-term outcomes have not yet been described. Methods: We performed a retrospect...

(1) Background: Family factors play an important role in the management of diabetes, establishing a relationship between conflicts and non-adherence to therapy. High values of HbA1c are involved in specific complications of the disease (retinopathy,...

Low human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake is a key barrier to cervical cancer elimination. We aimed to evaluate the health impact and cost-effectiveness of introducing different HPV vaccines into immunization programs and scaling up the screening...

Tailoring motor activities to the unique needs of children with special educational requirements has shown considerable efficacy. Our study aimed to develop a structured program specifically designed to enhance psychomotor abilities, focusing on bala...

There is growing evidence of the positive effects of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) for infants at high risk of unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP) when provided by parents with in-person coaching/supervision from occupational therapists duri...

In this study, we assess healthcare providers’ adherence to therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) guidelines for gentamicin in neonates. Conducted at the Maternity and Children’s Hospital in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, from July 2020 to July 2022,...

The MiniMovers (MM) APP combines motor development theory with creativity expertise and has been designed to provide parents with developmentally appropriate activities to support children’s motor skills. This study investigates how MiniMovers...

It is widely known that optimal nutrition in the first 1000 days of life positively impacts the child’s development throughout adulthood. In this setting, salt should not be added to complementary feeding. In developed countries, salt intake is...

Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a prevalent orthopaedic disorder in children, and screening methods vary across regions due to local health policies. The purpose of this review is to systematise the different ultrasound screen...

Background: The association between oral health of schoolchildren living in the North Sardinia area and socioeconomic deprivation was assessed to evaluate a potential spatial correlation. Methods: A total of 10,947 subjects were examined (5281 aged 3...

Background: Childhood cancer impacts the family system and has psychosocial consequences for all family members. For the parents, the ill child, and the siblings to be able to adjust to this challenging situation, the whole family needs access to psy...

Objectives: To investigate through an international survey the actual clinical application of drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) in pediatric patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to clarify the use, application, clinical indications, and...

Newborn screening (NBS) has been available for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) over the last decades. Through the implementation of NBS, a new designation emerged, that of CF related metabolic syndrome (CRMS) or cystic fibrosis screen positive...

The purpose of the present paper is to assess if Ponte osteotomies (POs) allow for a better correction in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) surgery and to investigate their safety profile. A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted...

Association Between Weight for Length and the Severity of Respiratory Morbidity in Preterm Infants. Objective: To determine whether higher weight-to-length z-scores after 32 weeks of gestation are associated with higher pulmonary scores (PSs) in pret...

Biomechanics play a key role in the development, progression and treatment of musculoskeletal disease in children [...]

The interplay between fluid intelligence (Gf) and divergent thinking (DT) has widely characterized current research in the psychology of creativity. Nevertheless, the evidence on the main factors involved in this association during childhood remains...

Background: Most epidemiological studies indicate that bronchial asthma is not a risk factor for COVID-19, but previous analyses have not additionally focused on the socioeconomic determinants of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with asthma, bronchit...