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Brain Sciences, Volume 8, Issue 6

June 2018 - 21 articles

Cover Story: Timely and efficient remyelination following demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system such as Multiple Sclerosis is a key component in targeted reparative therapies. The cover page shows a representative electron microscopy image of dorsal white matter in an adult rat spinal cord following lysolecithin (lysophosphatidylcholine—LPC) injection. There is evidence of spontaneous remyelination, albeit with thinner myelin sheaths than those formed during development. In this review, we provide an overview of normal myelination during development, causes for demyelination, and an in-depth discussion of the current and potential future strategies for promoting remyelination.
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Articles (21)

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
6,081 Views
12 Pages

Perinatal MAO Inhibition Produces Long-Lasting Impairment of Serotonin Function in Offspring

  • Mark W. Burke,
  • Myriam Fillion,
  • Jose Mejia,
  • Frank R. Ervin and
  • Roberta M. Palmour

In addition to transmitter functions, many neuroamines have trophic or ontogenetic regulatory effects important to both normal and disordered brain development. In previous work (Mejia et al., 2002), we showed that pharmacologically inhibiting monoam...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,837 Views
9 Pages

The medial geniculate body (MGB) is the target of excitatory and inhibitory inputs from several neural sources. Among these, the inferior colliculus (IC) is an important nucleus in the midbrain that acts as a nexus for auditory projections, ascending...

  • Review
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,439 Views
15 Pages

Anti-Cytokine Therapy to Attenuate Ischemic-Reperfusion Associated Brain Injury in the Perinatal Period

  • Clémence Disdier,
  • Xiaodi Chen,
  • Jeong-Eun Kim,
  • Steven W. Threlkeld and
  • Barbara S. Stonestreet

Perinatal brain injury is a major cause of morbidity and long-standing disability in newborns. Hypothermia is the only therapy approved to attenuate brain injury in the newborn. However, this treatment is unfortunately only partially neuroprotective...

  • Review
  • Open Access
17 Citations
5,435 Views
11 Pages

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown great promise as a neuromodulatory intervention capable of improving behavioral outcomes in a range of neurological and psychiatric populations. Evidence indicates that the neuromodulatory effe...

  • Reply
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,192 Views
3 Pages

This is my response to the critique by Blythe et al. of my review ‘What is Developmental Dyslexia?’. In this response, I provide greater detail about the evidence supporting the view that faulty eye movement control can cause dyslexics’ visual readin...

  • Comment
  • Open Access
32 Citations
8,042 Views
5 Pages

We are writing in response to the review article: Stein. J. (2018). What is Developmental Dyslexia? Brain Sciences, 8, 26, doi:10.3390/brainsci8020026. We consider that the section entitled, “Eye Movement Control”, presents a misleading characterisat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
79 Citations
11,291 Views
11 Pages

Family Structure and Subsequent Anxiety Symptoms; Minorities’ Diminished Return

  • Shervin Assari,
  • Cleopatra Howard Caldwell and
  • Marc A. Zimmerman

Background: Minorities’ Diminished Return (MDR) theory suggests that socioeconomic position (SEP) may have a smaller effect on health and well-being of members of the minority than the majority groups. Aim: Built on the MDR theory, this study compare...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
7,231 Views
16 Pages

Depressive disorders cover a set of disabling problems, often chronic or recurrent. They are characterized by a high level of psychiatric and somatic comorbidities and represent an important public health problem. To date, therapeutic solutions remai...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
7,165 Views
17 Pages

Neuromodulatory Treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Review

  • Anne-Mary N. Salib,
  • Allen L. Ho,
  • Eric S. Sussman,
  • Arjun V. Pendharkar and
  • Casey H. Halpern

Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a prevalent condition characterized by chronic alcohol-seeking behaviors and has become a significant economic burden with global ramifications on public health. While numerous treatment options are available for AUD, ma...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
8,527 Views
12 Pages

A Study on Photostability of Amphetamines and Ketamine in Hair Irradiated under Artificial Sunlight

  • Giorgia Miolo,
  • Marianna Tucci,
  • Luca Menilli,
  • Giulia Stocchero,
  • Susanna Vogliardi,
  • Salvatore Scrivano,
  • Massimo Montisci and
  • Donata Favretto

Drugs incorporated into hair are exposed to the environment, and cosmetic and chemical treatments, with possible decreases in their content. Knowledge concerning the effect of sunlight on drug content in hair can be helpful to forensic toxicologists,...

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Brain Sci. - ISSN 2076-3425