Administrative Sciences

22 pages, 10015 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Science of Organisational Resilience: Decoding Its Intellectual Structure to Understand Foundations and Future

by Cristóbal Toro-Gallego, Juan Sapena-Bolufer, Miquel-Angel Plaza-Navas and Jose Torres-Pruñonosa

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 404; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100404 - 21 Oct 2025

Viewed by 479

This study aims to decode the intellectual structure of organisational resilience (OR) and provide a comprehensive overview of its conceptual development, key intellectual shifts and emerging research directions. We apply bibliometric co-citation analysis using CiteSpace on the scientific production on OR indexed in [...] Read more.

This study aims to decode the intellectual structure of organisational resilience (OR) and provide a comprehensive overview of its conceptual development, key intellectual shifts and emerging research directions. We apply bibliometric co-citation analysis using CiteSpace on the scientific production on OR indexed in the Web of Science—Social Sciences Citation Index. The analysis identifies clusters, turning points and citation bursts, enabling the mapping of the field’s main themes and intellectual foundations. The findings reveal eight major clusters of OR research, with distinctive yet interconnected areas: crisis management, disaster management, conceptualisation, supply chain management, influencing factors, strategy and planning, evaluation and community resilience. Key turning points and burst papers highlight the evolution of the field from conceptual foundations to strategic approaches shaped by global crises. The study advances theory by demonstrating how OR research is structured across clusters and by identifying conceptual gaps that require integration, which are addressed through a proposed research agenda. For scholars, it provides a roadmap to navigate the most influential works and theories, while for practitioners and policymakers, it highlights actionable directions to strengthen resilience in organisations facing volatile and uncertain environments. Full article

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18 pages, 487 KB

Open AccessArticle

Cryptocurrencies and the Entrepreneurial Mindset: The Role of Financial Literacy in Driving Adoption

by Alexandru Ursu, Petru L. Curșeu, Sabina R. Trif and Alina Maria Cociș (Fleștea)

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 403; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100403 - 20 Oct 2025

Viewed by 371

Abstract

Cryptocurrencies are rapidly transforming digital finance and entrepreneurship, yet their adoption by entrepreneurs remains rather poorly understood. Drawing on the Threat-Rigidity Model (TRM) and the opportunity recognition literature, this study examines how entrepreneurial experience, financial literacy, perceived opportunities, and perceived threats influence entrepreneurial [...] Read more.

Cryptocurrencies are rapidly transforming digital finance and entrepreneurship, yet their adoption by entrepreneurs remains rather poorly understood. Drawing on the Threat-Rigidity Model (TRM) and the opportunity recognition literature, this study examines how entrepreneurial experience, financial literacy, perceived opportunities, and perceived threats influence entrepreneurial intention to use cryptocurrencies. We tested a moderated mediation model in which the association between financial literacy and experience, on the one hand, and intention to use cryptocurrencies, on the other, was mediated by perceived opportunities. In this model, perceived threats served as a moderator on the relationship between financial literacy and intention, as well as between perceived opportunities and adoption intention. Data were collected from a sample of 133 Romanian entrepreneurs across diverse industries. The results supported the mediating role of perceived opportunities in the relationship between financial literacy and intention to use cryptocurrencies in business and showed that the positive association between financial literacy and intention was attenuated by perceived threats. Entrepreneurial experience did not significantly influence perceived opportunities, while women entrepreneurs reported lower intention to adopt cryptocurrencies in business. This study is among the first to use the TRM to explore how the interplay of perceived opportunities and threats shapes cryptocurrency adoption in entrepreneurship. Other implications, limitations, and directions for future research are also discussed. Full article

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18 pages, 312 KB

Open AccessArticle

Artificial Intelligence: Implications and Impacts on Black Entrepreneurial Ecosystems

by Robert P. Singh

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 402; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100402 - 20 Oct 2025

Viewed by 367

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly spreading across society. It is disrupting economies, traditional institutions, labor markets, and entrepreneurial ecosystems and will do so at an increasing pace over the next few years. In this conceptual paper, some of the emerging issues, implications and [...] Read more.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly spreading across society. It is disrupting economies, traditional institutions, labor markets, and entrepreneurial ecosystems and will do so at an increasing pace over the next few years. In this conceptual paper, some of the emerging issues, implications and growing impacts of AI on Black entrepreneurial ecosystems—both positive and negative—are discussed. Prior research has demonstrated that Black entrepreneurs face significant challenges within the ecosystems in which they operate. While AI offers the potential for great improvements to productivity, efficiency, and profitability, it is not a foregone conclusion that Black entrepreneurs will equally benefit from these gains. Following a brief discussion of AI’s growing influence on society, this paper focuses attention on how AI is and will continue to improve Black entrepreneurial ecosystems as well as potential negative outcomes that must be considered. Nine formal research propositions are offered. While this paper is based on a review of the literature, it is not meant to be comprehensive. Rather, it is one of the first papers to identify emerging trends, open dialogue, outline practical implications and propose future research directions for further study with respect to AI and Black entrepreneurial ecosystems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inclusive Ventures: Navigating Entrepreneurial Ecosystems & Economic Policies for Black and Minority Entrepreneurs)

29 pages, 317 KB

Open AccessArticle

Strategic ESG Integration and Sustainability Reporting in the Greek Banking Sector: A Comparative Assessment

by Stavros Garefalakis, Maria Katsougri, Erasmia Angelaki, Konstantinos Spinthiropoulos and Alexandros Garefalakis

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 401; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100401 - 20 Oct 2025

Viewed by 393

Abstract

This study investigates the integration of ESG principles in the Greek banking sector through a comparative analysis of the four systemic banks—National Bank of Greece, Eurobank, Piraeus Bank, and Alpha Bank—during 2019–2023. Using a qualitative approach based on secondary data, including sustainability reports, [...] Read more.

This study investigates the integration of ESG principles in the Greek banking sector through a comparative analysis of the four systemic banks—National Bank of Greece, Eurobank, Piraeus Bank, and Alpha Bank—during 2019–2023. Using a qualitative approach based on secondary data, including sustainability reports, GRI-aligned indicators, and the ATHEX ESG Index, the research evaluates ESG performance across governance, environmental, and social dimensions. Findings highlight disparities in maturity: Eurobank and Alpha Bank demonstrate more advanced and transparent governance and environmental practices, while social indicators remain inconsistently reported. The ATHEX ESG Index is shown to enhance disclosure, though its methodology poses challenges for data quality and comparability. Results suggest that effective ESG integration strengthens resilience, transparency, and long-term competitiveness within the banking sector. However, greater standardization and innovative approaches are needed for Greek banks to align fully with international sustainability frameworks and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Corporate Governance, Sustainable Innovation and Social Responsibility)

18 pages, 707 KB

Open AccessArticle

Reading Minds, Sparking Ideas: How Machiavellian Leaders Boost Team Creativity Through Cross-Understanding

by Yihang Yan, Hongzhen Lei, Hui Xiong, Yuanzhe Liu and Xiaoqian Qu

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 400; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100400 - 18 Oct 2025

Viewed by 455

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of Machiavellian leadership on team creativity through the mediating role of cross-understanding and the moderating effect of task interdependence. While prior research has emphasized the negative consequences of Machiavellian tendencies, we argue that in highly interdependent team settings—such [...] Read more.

This study investigates the impact of Machiavellian leadership on team creativity through the mediating role of cross-understanding and the moderating effect of task interdependence. While prior research has emphasized the negative consequences of Machiavellian tendencies, we argue that in highly interdependent team settings—such as project-based groups in technology, manufacturing, and financial enterprises—such leaders may foster constructive processes that enhance innovation. Drawing on social learning and trait activation theories, we conducted a multi-source survey of 86 teams (379 employees) in Chinese organizations. Team members assessed task interdependence and cross-understanding, while leaders reported their own Machiavellian tendencies and rated team creativity. Results show that Machiavellian leadership predicts team creativity indirectly through cross-understanding, with task interdependence strengthening this pathway. Theoretically, this study enriches leadership and creativity research by providing a nuanced view of how dark traits can stimulate team-level creativity through cognitive interaction mechanisms and by identifying task interdependence as a boundary condition. Practically, the findings suggest that organizations should recognize the creative potential of Machiavellian leaders in high-interdependence contexts, channel their ambition toward innovation goals, and design workflows that promote cross-understanding and collaboration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Leadership in Fostering Positive Employee Relationships)

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32 pages, 1110 KB

Open AccessArticle

Corporate Culture, Leadership, and Pathological Relationships: A Moderated Mediation Model of Employees’ Well-Being

by Jakub Michulek, Lubica Gajanova, Dominika Gajdosikova and Matus Senci

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 399; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100399 - 17 Oct 2025

Viewed by 574

Abstract

This study investigates how corporate culture, work atmosphere, leadership, and pathological workplace relationships are linked to employees’ psychological well-being. Drawing on the JD-R framework and COR theory, we conceptualise supportive team dynamics and toxic interpersonal processes as parallel conditions shaping well-being at work. [...] Read more.

This study investigates how corporate culture, work atmosphere, leadership, and pathological workplace relationships are linked to employees’ psychological well-being. Drawing on the JD-R framework and COR theory, we conceptualise supportive team dynamics and toxic interpersonal processes as parallel conditions shaping well-being at work. Survey data from 441 Slovak employees were analysed using a dual-moderated mediation model. The results show that corporate culture is positively associated with well-being mainly through its relationship with the work atmosphere, confirming the mediating role of workplace climate. Leadership moderates this pathway by attenuating the indirect association between culture and well-being. Contrary to expectations, pathological relationships did not exhibit a significant moderating effect, indicating that their role may be more complex and context-dependent. These findings extend existing models of employee well-being by incorporating negative social phenomena to an integrative framework. The study underscores the importance of examining both supportive and toxic aspects of organisational life simultaneously. Practically, the results suggest that fostering a positive culture, a healthy work atmosphere, and effective leadership practices can jointly strengthen employees’ psychological well-being. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Capital Development—New Perspectives for Diverse Domains)

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15 pages, 557 KB

Open AccessArticle

Digital Connectivity at Work: Balancing Benefits and Risks for Engagement, Technostress, and Performance

by Giorgia Bondanini, Martin Sanchez-Gomez, Nicola Mucci and Gabriele Giorgi

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 398; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100398 - 17 Oct 2025

Viewed by 579

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of smart working and digital connectivity, transforming workplace interactions. While this shift offers flexibility and autonomy, it also raises concerns about workload management, psychological health, and work–life balance. Method: This study utilized a sample of [...] Read more.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of smart working and digital connectivity, transforming workplace interactions. While this shift offers flexibility and autonomy, it also raises concerns about workload management, psychological health, and work–life balance. Method: This study utilized a sample of 1185 employees from a multinational company operating in Italy to examine the impact of digital connectivity on work engagement, technostress, and job performance, framed within the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model. Participants completed surveys measuring digital connectivity, work engagement, technostress, and job performance. Results: The findings revealed moderate levels of digital connectivity and technostress, alongside high levels of work engagement and job performance. Mediation analysis indicated that work engagement positively mediated the relationship between digital connectivity and job performance, while technostress negatively impacted job performance. Notably, the two mediators operated independently rather than sequentially. Value: this research highlights the dual nature of digital connectivity as both a resource and a demand in the workplace. It underscores the importance of implementing strategies to enhance work engagement while addressing technostress. Organizations can benefit from adopting “right to disconnect” policies and flexible work arrangements to foster a healthier work environment, ultimately improving employee well-being and productivity in the digital age. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Workers’ Psychophysical Health and Engagement in Hybrid Contexts: How to Build Sustainable Organizations amidst the Technological Revolution)

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28 pages, 467 KB

Open AccessArticle

Navigating Organizational Challenges of Digital Transformation: A Qualitative Study of Meso-Level Public Health Officers in an Indian High-Priority Aspirational District

by Anshuman Thakur, Reshmi Bhageerathy, Prasanna Mithra, Varalakshmi Chandra Sekaran and Shuba Kumar

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 397; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100397 - 17 Oct 2025

Viewed by 477

Abstract

Background: Digital transformation is reshaping public organizations worldwide, yet in low-resource contexts, its success is constrained by weak infrastructure and governance. In India, programs such as the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission and the Aspirational Districts Programme rely on meso-level officers who act as [...] Read more.

Background: Digital transformation is reshaping public organizations worldwide, yet in low-resource contexts, its success is constrained by weak infrastructure and governance. In India, programs such as the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission and the Aspirational Districts Programme rely on meso-level officers who act as key managerial intermediaries, but their organizational challenges remain understudied. Aim: This study examines sub-district health and nutrition officers’ experiences, organizational barriers, and adaptive strategies in implementing digital reforms. Methods: Eight in-depth interviews were conducted with Medical Officers in Charge (MOICs) and Child Development Project Officers (CDPOs) across urban, semi-urban, rural, and flood-prone blocks of Muzaffarpur, Bihar. Data were transcribed, translated, and thematically analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s approach, informed by organizational and technology adoption theories. Results: Officers valued digital tools for transparency and real-time monitoring but faced systemic barriers, including hardware decay, poor connectivity, fragmented platforms, and limited fiscal autonomy. Despite these, they displayed managerial agency through informal infrastructures such as WhatsApp, peer mentoring, and parallel records. COVID-19 accelerated digital use while widening inequities. Conclusions: Meso-level officers are critical enablers of organizational resilience. Their experiences highlight how leadership, governance, and adaptive management shape digital transformation in resource-constrained settings. Full article

16 pages, 568 KB

Open AccessArticle

Mapping Digital Literacy Thresholds in South African Higher Education and the Implications for Entrepreneurship Education in an Industry 4.0 Paradigm

by Fidel Isheanesu Mugunzva and Ntise Hendrick Manchidi

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 396; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100396 - 16 Oct 2025

Viewed by 390

Abstract

This study investigates digital literacy thresholds within South African higher education institutions in the context of Industry 4.0, focusing on entrepreneurship education. The research addresses the critical gap between current digital competencies and Industry 4.0 requirements, challenging assumptions about “digital natives” and examining [...] Read more.

This study investigates digital literacy thresholds within South African higher education institutions in the context of Industry 4.0, focusing on entrepreneurship education. The research addresses the critical gap between current digital competencies and Industry 4.0 requirements, challenging assumptions about “digital natives” and examining factors influencing digital literacy development. A qualitative methodology employing semi-structured interviews was conducted with 25 participants, including 11 faculty members and 14 entrepreneurship students from a South African higher education institution. Data underwent rigorous thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s six-phase approach. The study revealed significant disparities in digital competencies among both faculty and students, contradicting binary digital native classifications. Key findings identified distinct transformative thresholds separating performative digital interaction from entrepreneurial digital practice, with access, training, and motivation forming interconnected factors in a digital literacy ecosystem. Most participants demonstrated bounded digital fluency limited to familiar environments rather than transferable entrepreneurial capabilities. The research introduces novel theoretical contributions, including “entrepreneurial digital thresholds” and “digital literacy structuration,” advocating for contextually responsive frameworks addressing socioeconomic inequalities. Practical implications include targeted professional development, multidimensional assessments, and policies prioritising equitable digital participation to prepare graduates for meaningful engagement in the global digital economy rather than passive consumption. Full article

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26 pages, 1882 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Generative AI Images on Consumer Attitudes in Advertising

by Lei Zhang and Chung Hur

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 395; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100395 - 16 Oct 2025

Viewed by 1678

Abstract

While the capability of generative AI to generate high-quality content is well-recognized, there is still a lack of in-depth research on its actual impact on marketing effectiveness within real-world marketing environments. This study addresses this gap by conducting experiments to examine the effects [...] Read more.

While the capability of generative AI to generate high-quality content is well-recognized, there is still a lack of in-depth research on its actual impact on marketing effectiveness within real-world marketing environments. This study addresses this gap by conducting experiments to examine the effects of AI-generated advertisement images, created using text-to-image diffusion models, on consumer responses and the boundary conditions of these effects. Study 1 (n = 130) found that for coffee ads, attitudes were descriptively higher toward AI-generated images (η_p² = 0.17), whereas for medical-aesthetics and public-service ads, evaluations favored human-made images; none of these differences reached significance. Study 2 (n = 79) revealed that when consumers were informed about the source of the image (AI or human), they showed significantly more positive attitudes toward human-made images than those generated by AI (d = 0.52). Study 3 (n = 209) demonstrated that in commercial advertising contexts where usage motivations were disclosed, consumers’ negative reactions to AI-generated images were moderated by the specific usage motivation (η² = 0.04). When the motivation was privacy protection, evaluations were comparable to human-made images. In contrast, visual appeal produced slightly lower but non-significant ratings, whereas cost efficiency led to significant declines in trust and purchase intention, with attitude showing only marginal decreases and preference no differences. This study aims to understand the innovative potential of generative AI and provides critical insights for businesses, consumers, and policymakers regarding its effective utilization. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Challenges and Future Trends of Digital and Sustainable Marketing and Consumer Choices)

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17 pages, 273 KB

Open AccessEssay

Algorithmic Charisma Under Strain: Elon Musk and the Dynamics of Founder Myths in the Platform Era

by Dag Øivind Madsen

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 394; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100394 - 16 Oct 2025

Viewed by 711

Abstract

This paper introduces the concept of algorithmic charisma to explain how leadership authority is sustained through visibility, virality, and platform amplification. Using Elon Musk as an illustrative case, it examines “Muskism”—the evolving set of myths, narratives, and symbolic performances that surround Musk and [...] Read more.

This paper introduces the concept of algorithmic charisma to explain how leadership authority is sustained through visibility, virality, and platform amplification. Using Elon Musk as an illustrative case, it examines “Muskism”—the evolving set of myths, narratives, and symbolic performances that surround Musk and his ventures. Based on publicly available material from 2008 to 2025, the study applies four complementary lenses: charismatic authority, media mythmaking and ritual, organizational cult dynamics, and scapegoating/sacrificial mechanisms. The analysis traces Muskism’s trajectory across four phases—myth construction, polarization and institutionalization, charismatic decay, and symbolic reconfiguration—showing how founder myths are built, contested, and adapted in the platform era. The central contribution is the articulation of algorithmic charisma as a distinct form of founder authority, sustained less by stable belief than by recursive cycles of digital visibility. In doing so, the essay advances understanding of founder-led leadership cultures, highlighting the durability of early mythic framing, the role of audience segmentation in sustaining charisma, and the value of integrating multiple theoretical perspectives in interpretive organizational research. Full article

26 pages, 583 KB

Open AccessArticle

Crisis as a Catalyst: Difference-in-Differences Evidence on Digital Public Service Transformation in the European Union

by Gheorghița Dincă, Mihaela Bărbuță (Matei) and Dragoș Dincă

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 393; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100393 - 14 Oct 2025

Viewed by 609

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic forced European Union member states to accelerate the digitalization of public services, turning a gradual policy priority into an urgent necessity. This study examines the pandemic’s impact on the digital transformation of public administrations, assessing the effectiveness of digital-oriented interventions [...] Read more.

The COVID-19 pandemic forced European Union member states to accelerate the digitalization of public services, turning a gradual policy priority into an urgent necessity. This study examines the pandemic’s impact on the digital transformation of public administrations, assessing the effectiveness of digital-oriented interventions implemented during this period. Using a Difference-in-Differences (DiDs) methodology, the analysis compares treatment and control groups based on 2019 Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) scores, with digital public services as the dependent variable. Independent variables include pre-filled forms, service transparency, design and data protection, e-government usage, internet penetration, total population, and governance quality, covering all 27 EU member states from 2016 to 2023. Data sources include DESI, Eurostat, and the World Bank. The analysis shows that countries with lower digitalization achieved the largest post-pandemic gains, with transparency, service design, and data protection significantly enhancing digital service quality. Pre-existing governance and infrastructure shaped the magnitude of these improvements, highlighting the combined role of preparedness and reactive policy measures. The findings underscore the critical role of citizens as end-users and accountability drivers in digital governance. By providing empirical evidence on pandemic-driven digitalization trends, this study contributes to policy discussions on resilience, strategic planning, and the future of inclusive, transparent e-government services in the EU. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Future Trends in Digital Government)

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21 pages, 1178 KB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Using AI in Performance Management: A Global Analysis of Local Government Practices

by Godfrey Maake and Cecile M. Schultz

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 392; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100392 - 9 Oct 2025

Viewed by 1139

Abstract

The integration of artificial intelligence plays a critical role in human resource management in local governments by ensuring smooth, essential HR operations, including recruitment, performance management, and workforce planning. The current study is a systematic review focused on determining the performance management factors [...] Read more.

The integration of artificial intelligence plays a critical role in human resource management in local governments by ensuring smooth, essential HR operations, including recruitment, performance management, and workforce planning. The current study is a systematic review focused on determining the performance management factors that should be considered when using artificial intelligence in the local government sector. Although artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly integrated into the governance and administrative systems of local governments around the world, this study raises critical questions about how performance should be managed, measured, and improved. Articles were screened based on their title, abstract, and keywords, following which the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. A comprehensive search was conducted in the EBSCOhost, Emerald Insight, Taylor & Francis, Scopus, and SpringerLink databases. These databases were chosen because they are prominent sources that publish various materials related to the social sciences. This scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines and included 22 peer-reviewed empirical studies published between 2015 and 2025. Analysis of the identified 22 peer-reviewed articles revealed that the successful application of AI in local government performance management depends on six critical performance management factors: data quality and accessibility; strategic alignment with performance goals; evaluation criteria and metrics; ethical and legal oversight; institutional capacity and leadership; and change management and stakeholder engagement. These factors are interdependent and represent both technical and organisational dimensions of public administration. This study highlights that AI entails more than innovation; it reshapes the foundations of performance governance, requiring new capabilities, values, and institutional practices. Full article

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22 pages, 642 KB

Open AccessArticle

Determinants of Job Performance in Professional Workers and Moderating Effect of Gender: The Peruvian Case

by Felipe Eduardo Yong-Chung, Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas, Ralphi Ricardo Jauregui Arroyo and Manuel Escobar-Farfán

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 391; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100391 - 9 Oct 2025

Viewed by 878

Abstract

As the workforce adapts to evolving professional demands, working conditions simultaneously become increasingly stressful, competitive, and challenging, making it essential to examine the determinants of job performance among highly educated workers. This study investigates the influence of psychological capital, work–life balance, rewards, and [...] Read more.

As the workforce adapts to evolving professional demands, working conditions simultaneously become increasingly stressful, competitive, and challenging, making it essential to examine the determinants of job performance among highly educated workers. This study investigates the influence of psychological capital, work–life balance, rewards, and incentives, and work commitment on job performance among higher education professionals, with particular attention to gender differences. A survey was administered to 661 university-educated workers, and the data was analyzed using covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM). Results demonstrate that psychological capital, work–life balance, and rewards and incentives positively influence job performance across both genders. However, the mediating effect of work commitment between rewards and incentives, work–life balance, and job performance was confirmed only among women. Work–life balance emerged as the primary factor influencing psychological capital, surpassing the impact of rewards and incentives. The findings reveal significant gender differences in professional commitment patterns, suggesting that women workers exhibit stronger emotional connections between organizational support mechanisms and performance outcomes. Practical implications emphasize the need for organizations to prioritize work–life balance strategies as foundational elements of human resource management, while implementing comprehensive reviews of gender equality policies to ensure equitable workplace experiences. This research contributes valuable insights for developing targeted interventions that optimize professional performance while addressing gender-specific workplace dynamics in emerging economies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diversity, Equity & Inclusion and Its Perception in Organization—2nd Edition)

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29 pages, 1637 KB

Open AccessArticle

Rethinking Performance Evaluation: Strategic Alignment in the Service Sector Through a Case-Based Framework

by Maria C Tavares and Mariana Vaz

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 390; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100390 - 8 Oct 2025

Viewed by 1219

Abstract

Performance management is critical for aligning human capital with organizational strategy, particularly in the increasingly competitive service sector. However, universally effective performance appraisal systems (PASs) exist, as effectiveness depends on contextual and organizational specificities. In Portugal, where services account for nearly three-quarters of [...] Read more.

Performance management is critical for aligning human capital with organizational strategy, particularly in the increasingly competitive service sector. However, universally effective performance appraisal systems (PASs) exist, as effectiveness depends on contextual and organizational specificities. In Portugal, where services account for nearly three-quarters of gross value added, PAS implementation remains underdeveloped, highlighting a gap between strategic intent and practice. This study aims to address that gap by investigating how a performance appraisal model can be tailored to the service sector. A case study was conducted at PCI—Creative Science Park, S.A., a consulting firm, using a qualitative approach. The research design combined a literature review to identify theoretical dimensions of performance evaluation with an employee questionnaire to capture organizational perceptions and priorities. Integration of both strands of evidence informed the construction of the framework. The findings indicate that employees value objective-based evaluation as the most relevant dimension, complemented by customer feedback, adaptive performance, and organizational citizenship. Furthermore, the integration of 360° feedback mechanisms and regular review cycles emerged as key enablers of fairness and engagement. By combining theoretical insights with employee perspectives, this study contributes to a customized and flexible PAS that enhances strategic alignment in the service sector. The proposed model provides both scholarly value, by advancing the discussion on context-specific PAS design, and practical value, by offering a reference for organizations seeking to align human performance with mission-critical outcomes. Full article

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19 pages, 1413 KB

Open AccessArticle

Trends, Collaborations and Perspectives in the Study of Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction: A Bibliometric and Scientometric Analysis

by Ramón Rubio, Luis Araya-Castillo, Hugo Moraga-Flores and María Francisca Ortega Frei

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 389; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100389 - 7 Oct 2025

Viewed by 630

Abstract

Organizational climate (OC) and job satisfaction (JS) are constructs that have been studied for more than five decades. However, the results to date are not sufficient to generalize conclusions across cultures, countries and sectors. To contribute to the development of theory and practice, [...] Read more.

Organizational climate (OC) and job satisfaction (JS) are constructs that have been studied for more than five decades. However, the results to date are not sufficient to generalize conclusions across cultures, countries and sectors. To contribute to the development of theory and practice, this study analyzes publication trends through a bibliographic review of publications indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) database between 1975 and 2023, using bibliometric and scientometric techniques. This review synthesizes the accumulated knowledge and reveals significant gaps that need to be addressed, highlighting the weak articulation of research in general; the low scientific production in regions such as India, Southeast Asia, Latin America; the overrepresentation of the health sector in the specialized literature. These findings seek to motivate researchers to fill gaps in scientific production and help managers and administrators to strengthen practices that improve the environmental conditions of workers. The limitations of this study are related to the characteristics of quantitative bibliographic studies and the inclusion of only two constructs related to people’s well-being at work, which suggests that future research could incorporate other variables such as emotional intelligence, leadership or organizational citizenship behavior. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Organizational Behavior)

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15 pages, 326 KB

Open AccessArticle

Enhancing Problem-Solving Skills with AI: A Case Study on Innovation and Creativity in a Business Setting

by Cynthia Hajj, Christophe Schmitt and Nehme Azoury

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100388 - 6 Oct 2025

Viewed by 915

Abstract

The adoption of artificial intelligence has risen, yet research on its impact on innovation processes between actual businesses remains sparse. This research fills the present gap by investigating ten workers from a tech startup who utilize artificial intelligence tools in operational and creative [...] Read more.

The adoption of artificial intelligence has risen, yet research on its impact on innovation processes between actual businesses remains sparse. This research fills the present gap by investigating ten workers from a tech startup who utilize artificial intelligence tools in operational and creative activities. The paper analyzes business-related AI functionality through a qualitative analysis of ten tech start-up employees. The examination reveals that AI produces significant enhancements in problem resolution by executing mundane actions while analyzing large datasets to deliver data-driven suggestions to users. The interview respondents mentioned that AI’s role in diminishing supply chains is 15%, while allowing AI to manage customer service without employee engagement in 80% of interactions. The implementation costs, along with data dependency and occasional contextual blindness in AI systems, represented some of the problems in this system. Analysis demonstrated that AI tools enable the development of innovative concepts and challenge established viewpoints, prompting participants to create a gamified loyalty system and dynamic content planning. Participants in the study emphasized the need for human involvement to refine AI-based insights, recognizing how human imagination complements AI capabilities effectively. The work enhances academic discussions about AI-related problem-solving and creativity while offering specific business-related recommendations for implementation. The recommendations begin with establishing initial experimental programs, while providing support for employee’s skills development, and fostering strong alliances between technical AI personnel and professional subject matter experts. Research topics focused on AI application fields and the anticipated impacts on company decision-making, as well as the ethical ramifications, need further exploration. This research confirms the revolutionary potential of artificial intelligence systems for problem-solving methods, but requires proper execution, along with human supervision, to fully realize their advantages. Full article

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14 pages, 480 KB

Open AccessArticle

When Does a Narcissistic Leader Force You Out? The Mediating Role of Psychological Capital

by Eva Petiz Lousã and Marta Pereira Alves

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 387; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100387 - 5 Oct 2025

Viewed by 667

Abstract

Narcissistic Leadership has been associated with negative organizational and individual outcomes, including employee intention to leave. However, the mechanism by which this leadership influences this intention to leave still needs to be further elucidated. This study investigates the mediating role of psychological capital [...] Read more.

Narcissistic Leadership has been associated with negative organizational and individual outcomes, including employee intention to leave. However, the mechanism by which this leadership influences this intention to leave still needs to be further elucidated. This study investigates the mediating role of psychological capital (PsyCap) (comprising hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism) in the relationship between the narcissistic leadership and the intention to leave. A non-probabilistic sample of 266 Portuguese employees from various organizational sectors, aged 18 to 53 (M = 29.13; SD = 7.53), predominantly women (62%), completed a self-administered online questionnaire. Results, calculated through the estimation of OLS regressions-based models, indicated that narcissistic leadership was positively related to turnover intention (Hypothesis 1) and that PsyCap significantly mediated that association (Hypothesis 2), particularly self-efficacy showed to be negatively associated with turnover intention, and optimism positively predicted the intention to leave the organization. Overall, the findings point to the key role of narcissistic leadership and psychological capital as antecedents of turnover intention, highlighting the opposite mediating effects of self-efficacy and optimism in the association between narcissistic leadership and turnover intention. The study’s findings are discussed, as well as their theoretical and practical implications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Leadership in Fostering Positive Employee Relationships)

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30 pages, 1083 KB

Open AccessArticle

Regulating the Mind: Neuromarketing, Neural Data and Stakeholder Trust Under California’s CCPA

by Marcus Goncalves and Debra Dangelo

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 386; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100386 - 30 Sep 2025

Viewed by 895

Abstract

This study investigates how neuromarketing practices intersect with consumer privacy regulation in California, with particular attention to the 2024 Senate Bill 1223 (SB 1223), which amends the CCPA/CPRA to explicitly define “neural data.” By examining corporate strategies and regulatory frameworks, the paper evaluates [...] Read more.

This study investigates how neuromarketing practices intersect with consumer privacy regulation in California, with particular attention to the 2024 Senate Bill 1223 (SB 1223), which amends the CCPA/CPRA to explicitly define “neural data.” By examining corporate strategies and regulatory frameworks, the paper evaluates how firms navigate the tension between innovation, ethics, and consumer protection. A qualitative, multiple-case study approach was adopted, focusing on Coca-Cola, Frito-Lay, and Hyundai. Data were collected from corporate privacy policies, industry publications, and legislative documents, triangulated through doctrinal legal analysis and cross-case synthesis. The analysis reveals that, while companies comply with disclosure, consent, and oversight requirements under the CCPA/CPRA, such compliance remains largely procedural, with transparency often being technical rather than consumer-friendly, consent being insufficiently informed, and protections for vulnerable groups being inconsistently enforced. SB 1223’s recent definition of neural data directly encompasses techniques such as EEG, fMRI, eye-tracking, and biometrics, underscoring the urgent need for firms to treat neuromarketing as a category of regulated practice rather than discretionary innovation. The study is limited by its reliance on publicly available documentation and by the recency of SB 1223, which precludes observation of mature compliance patterns. Future research should explore consumer perceptions, track evolving regulatory responses, and extend the analysis across various sectors, including healthcare, education, and non-profits. This study contributes to theory by extending stakeholder theory to neural data governance and by conceptualizing neuromarketing as a governance-intensive strategic capability situated at the frontier of consumer rights and technological innovation. It contributes to practice by demonstrating how firms can transform compliance with emerging neural data regulations into a strategic capability that strengthens consumer trust, ethical legitimacy, and brand equity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Challenges and Future Trends of Digital and Sustainable Marketing and Consumer Choices)

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20 pages, 333 KB

Open AccessArticle

Strategic Alignment of Leadership and Work Climate: Field Experiment on Context-Dependent Supervision Effectiveness

by Zicheng Lyu and Xiaoli Yang

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 385; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100385 - 30 Sep 2025

Viewed by 534

Abstract

This study examines how the organizational work climate shapes the effectiveness of supervision on employee performance. While traditional management theory assumes supervision universally enhances productivity, we observe a puzzling paradox: facing identical tasks and wage systems, some firms rely heavily on hierarchical supervision [...] Read more.

This study examines how the organizational work climate shapes the effectiveness of supervision on employee performance. While traditional management theory assumes supervision universally enhances productivity, we observe a puzzling paradox: facing identical tasks and wage systems, some firms rely heavily on hierarchical supervision while others thrive with minimal oversight. Through a four-month field experiment across two Chinese agricultural enterprises (5851 observations), we test whether the supervision’s effectiveness depends on the alignment between leadership practices and organizational climate. In formal management firms (FMFs) characterized by hierarchical governance and arm’s-length employment relationships, directive supervision significantly reduces task completion times by 0.126 standard deviations, equivalent to approximately 4.3 s or 2.8% of the average completion time, with this effect remaining stable throughout the workday. Conversely, in network-embedded firms (NEFs) operating through trust-based relational contracts and social norms, identical supervisory practices yield no performance gains, as informal social control mechanisms already ensure high effort levels, rendering formal supervision redundant. These findings challenge the “best practices” paradigm in strategic HRM, demonstrating that HR success requires a careful alignment between leadership approaches and the organizational climate—an effective HR strategy is not about implementing standardized practices but about achieving a strategic fit between supervisory leadership styles and existing work climates. This climate–leadership partnership is essential for optimizing both employee performance and organizational success. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Strategic Partnership Between Leadership and Work Climates to Elevate the Role of HR in Organizational Success)

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15 pages, 631 KB

Open AccessArticle

Enabling Innovation Capabilities: A Design Thinking Toolbox for SME Strategic Transformation

by Fatma Demir, Irina Saur-Amaral and Daniel Ferreira Polónia

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 384; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100384 - 30 Sep 2025

Viewed by 557

Abstract

Small and medium-sized enterprises face significant challenges in effectively implementing design thinking due to limited resources, leadership skepticism, and a paucity of suitable frameworks. This study addresses these challenges by developing and validating a web-based Design Thinking and Innovation Strategy Toolbox tailored to [...] Read more.

Small and medium-sized enterprises face significant challenges in effectively implementing design thinking due to limited resources, leadership skepticism, and a paucity of suitable frameworks. This study addresses these challenges by developing and validating a web-based Design Thinking and Innovation Strategy Toolbox tailored to SME needs. The Toolbox is designed to align with the ISO 56001:2024 Innovation Management Systems standard and was developed through systematic literature reviews and expert interviews, shaping practical modules based on previously identified barriers and success factors. A multi-round Delphi study with 14 experienced consultants refined the Toolbox, focusing on usability, ISO compliance, and practical relevance. The results indicate strong consensus among experts regarding its clarity, adaptability, and alignment with SME constraints, while also highlighting areas for improvement such as visual design and continuous feedback mechanisms. Preliminary validation suggests that the Toolbox can support SMEs in improving sustainable innovation, strategic alignment, and capability development. By addressing contextual constraints, this research contributes to the field of design-led innovation in SMEs by offering a practical, ISO-compliant tool that connects theory and practice in resource-limited environments. Full article

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28 pages, 819 KB

Open AccessArticle

An Approach for the Development and Maturation of ICT Products

by Angelica Serna-Herrera, Oscar Mauricio Caicedo Rendón and Wilfred Rivera Martínez

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 383; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100383 - 30 Sep 2025

Viewed by 448

Abstract

Product development in academia and its technology transfer are crucial activities for the sustainable development of society. Nevertheless, transferring academic research is a complex process that requires mature research results aligned with market needs. Existing approaches frequently focus on process management and the [...] Read more.

Product development in academia and its technology transfer are crucial activities for the sustainable development of society. Nevertheless, transferring academic research is a complex process that requires mature research results aligned with market needs. Existing approaches frequently focus on process management and the relationships between system participants, disregarding the importance of maturity assessment in the product development cycle. This paper proposes an approach, comprising a Framework and a Method, to guide the progressive maturation of ICT products from universities and to facilitate their transfer to productive and social sectors. The Framework maps the innovation trajectory from research to commercialization by phases, tasks, activities, and stakeholders. The Method articulates agile cycles inspired by Scrum, with a continuous TRL-based maturity assessment and sustained market engagement to align academic product development with market demands. Innovation experts evaluated the approach using content validity indices and qualitative content analysis. The results showed a high level of agreement on the relevance and usefulness of the Framework and the Method, and qualitative feedback informed improvements in presentation and clarity. In summary, the proposed approach provides a practical roadmap for aligning university research with market needs and enhancing the conversion of prototypes into transferable and marketable solutions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Administrative Strategies and Practices for Economic Growth and Development: Governance, Sustainability, and Digital Transformation in the 21st Century)

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14 pages, 463 KB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Individual Actors of the Quintuple Helix Model and Sustainability

by Erika Loučanová, Miriam Olšiaková, Zuzana Štofková and Florin Cornel Dumiter

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 382; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100382 - 29 Sep 2025

Viewed by 632

Abstract

The article evaluates the relationships between the individual actors of the Quintuple Helix model and sustainability across EU countries. The model is based on the idea that innovation arises from the collaboration of five key subsystems: government, industry (economy), academia, civil society, and [...] Read more.

The article evaluates the relationships between the individual actors of the Quintuple Helix model and sustainability across EU countries. The model is based on the idea that innovation arises from the collaboration of five key subsystems: government, industry (economy), academia, civil society, and natural capital. Various studies have been conducted to assess the development of the EU’s sustainability goals based on the Triple Helix approach from different perspectives and from the view of the Quintuple Helix. However, we see a gap in the research in that key aspects of the success of these models in the EU have not been examined in terms of their mutual relationships. Therefore, this paper focuses on examining Quintuple Helix systems in the EU, eco-innovation, and sustainability using cluster and correlation analysis. Based on the results, we can infer that Finland, Denmark, Sweden, Austria, and Luxembourg are among the leading EU countries in applying the Quintuple Helix model and promoting sustainability through collaborative innovation processes. The most significant contributions to sustainability within this model come primarily from ecological innovations, intellectual capital, and governance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Business Development Within the Sustainable Development Goals: 2nd Edition)

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30 pages, 741 KB

Open AccessArticle

Import Competition, Labor Market Flexibility, and Skill Premium-Evidence from China Based on the Dynamic Threshold Model

by Mingrong Wang and Longnan Ma

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 381; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100381 - 28 Sep 2025

Viewed by 521

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of import competition on skill premium and the moderating effect of labor market flexibility on it, using panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019. A dynamic panel threshold model with instrumental variables is employed [...] Read more.

This paper examines the impact of import competition on skill premium and the moderating effect of labor market flexibility on it, using panel data from 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2019. A dynamic panel threshold model with instrumental variables is employed to address the endogeneity problem and to identify the nonlinear moderating effect of labor market flexibility. The results show the following: (1) Import competition has a promoting effect on skill premium, and this effect declines from eastern to western regions in China. (2) The import competition increases the skill premium through the channels of enhancing regional innovation capacity and promoting industrial upgrading and rationalization. (3) There exists a significant threshold effect in the moderating effect of labor market flexibility. When labor market flexibility surpasses the threshold value of 1.330, the enhancing effect of import competition on the skill premium is alleviated, facilitating labor reallocation and wage adjustment. The integration of labor market flexibility into the globalization–inequality debate extends the existing literature for providing a new understanding of the mechanisms behind the skill premium. The policy implications are that targeted labor market reforms are essential for mitigating wage differentials between skilled and unskilled workers arising from intensified import competition. Full article

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19 pages, 466 KB

Open AccessArticle

Servant Leadership for Sustainability: A Serial Mediation Model of Empowerment, Creativity, and Pro-Environmental Behavior

by Farida Saleem and Sofia Mateou

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 380; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100380 - 28 Sep 2025

Viewed by 734

Abstract

This study examines the impact of Environmentally Specific Servant Leadership (ESSL) on employees’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB) by proposing a serial mediation model that incorporates green psychological empowerment and green creativity as central mechanisms. Guided by social exchange theory (SET), survey data from managers [...] Read more.

This study examines the impact of Environmentally Specific Servant Leadership (ESSL) on employees’ pro-environmental behavior (PEB) by proposing a serial mediation model that incorporates green psychological empowerment and green creativity as central mechanisms. Guided by social exchange theory (SET), survey data from managers in Saudi Arabia were analyzed using PROCESS Model 6 with bootstrapping to test direct, indirect, and serial mediation effects. The results show that ESSL has a significant positive influence on PEB, with both psychological empowerment and green creativity acting as partial mediators. Moreover, the serial mediation analysis confirms that empowerment enhances creativity, which in turn drives employees’ pro-environmental actions. The findings support the social exchange theory, SET, in the contextual environmental settings of the rapidly developing economy of Saudi Arabia. These findings highlight the critical role of psychological empowerment and creativity in translating leadership values into sustainable behaviors. Practically, the study suggests that organizations can advance sustainability goals by fostering servant leadership practices, empowering employees with autonomy and resources, and encouraging innovative solutions for environmental challenges. Within the context of Saudi Vision 2030, the findings provide valuable insights for aligning leadership development with national sustainability objectives. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Leadership and Change Management: Driving Sustainability Initiatives)

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23 pages, 462 KB

Open AccessArticle

Relational Reflexivity in a Management Questionnaire (RRMQ): A Psychometric Approach to Measuring a Multidimensional Leadership Construct

by Zbigniew Waśkiewicz

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 379; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100379 - 27 Sep 2025

Viewed by 598

Abstract

(1) Background: This study aimed to develop and validate a new instrument to measure relational reflexivity in management settings. Relational reflexivity—defined as the integration of self-awareness, perspective-taking, and interpersonal responsibility—has been discussed conceptually, but it lacks a standardized, psychometrically sound measurement tool. (2) [...] Read more.

(1) Background: This study aimed to develop and validate a new instrument to measure relational reflexivity in management settings. Relational reflexivity—defined as the integration of self-awareness, perspective-taking, and interpersonal responsibility—has been discussed conceptually, but it lacks a standardized, psychometrically sound measurement tool. (2) Methods: A 25-item scale was developed based on a literature review and administered to 524 sport management students. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to identify the underlying structure. A 15-item version, based on item performance and theoretical fit, was then tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on a randomly selected subsample (n = 400). Model fit was assessed using RMSEA, CFI, TLI, and χ²/df. (3) Results: EFA revealed a five-factor structure consistent with theoretical expectations: self-awareness, perspective-taking, communication and conflict resolution, respect and mediation, and intrapersonal reflexivity, explaining 53.5% of the total variance. CFA confirmed the model with excellent fit indices (RMSEA = 0.0605; CFI = 0.955; TLI = 0.941). Factor loadings were high (0.89–1.13), and all were statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: The result (RRMQ) is a valid and reliable tool for assessing multidimensional relational reflexivity in leadership and team contexts. Its structure reflects both theoretical foundations and psychometric rigor, providing a foundation for future research and practical applications in leadership development. Full article

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18 pages, 563 KB

Open AccessArticle

Toward a Deeper Understanding of Organizational Theory: An Organizational Performance Scale for Third-Sector Institutions in Latin America

by Ruth Alexandra Bejarano-Chalá, Elizabeth Emperatriz García-Salirrosas and Miluska Villar-Guevara

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 378; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100378 - 26 Sep 2025

Viewed by 879

Abstract

Various corporate groups, such as third-sector institutions in Latin America, have shown increasing interest in evaluating organizational performance as a possible strategy for increasing their effectiveness and competitiveness. From this perspective, this study analyzes the psychometric properties of a scale that assesses organizational [...] Read more.

Various corporate groups, such as third-sector institutions in Latin America, have shown increasing interest in evaluating organizational performance as a possible strategy for increasing their effectiveness and competitiveness. From this perspective, this study analyzes the psychometric properties of a scale that assesses organizational performance in third-sector institutions in Latin America. The design was instrumental. The sample consisted of 355 workers from nine Latin American countries, recruited through non-probability sampling. A validity and reliability analysis of the scale confirmed the items and original factors. In this sense, the accessibility and use of a brief and useful tool for measuring organizational performance enriches knowledge about organizational theory by facilitating the comparison and validation of existing approaches or even by suggesting new dimensions that reflect the dynamic complexity of current organizations in Latin America. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Navigating New Horizons in Organization Theory: Emerging Trends and Innovative Perspectives)

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27 pages, 1044 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Relationship Between Occupational Stress, Burnout, and Perceived Performance: The Moderating Role of Work Regime

by Ana Conceoção and Ana Palma-Moreira

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 377; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100377 - 26 Sep 2025

Viewed by 1752

Abstract

Globalization, digital transformation, and organizational changes have led to significant transformations in the world of work, substantially increasing workloads, which can result in high levels of stress and burnout among employees. The main objective of this study was to investigate the association between [...] Read more.

Globalization, digital transformation, and organizational changes have led to significant transformations in the world of work, substantially increasing workloads, which can result in high levels of stress and burnout among employees. The main objective of this study was to investigate the association between occupational stress and perceived performance and whether this relationship was mediated by burnout. In addition, we sought to understand whether the work regime (in-person, hybrid, and remote) moderates the relationship between occupational stress and burnout. The sample for this study consisted of 325 participants working in organizations based in Portugal. The data collection procedure was non-probabilistic, intentional, and snowball-type. This is an exploratory, correlational, and cross-sectional study. The results indicate that only the dimension ‘stress with users’ has a negative and significant association with performance. On the other hand, the dimension ‘stress with career and remuneration’ has a positive and significant association with performance. The dimensions ‘stress with users’ and ‘stress with workload’ have a positive and significant association with performance. Only ‘stress with workload’ has a positive and significant association with exhaustion. Distancing has a total mediating effect on the relationship between stress with users and perceived performance. The work regime has a significant effect on distancing. The work regime moderates the relationship between ‘stress with working’ conditions and exhaustion. Given the current work regimes, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, it can be concluded that, among the dimensions of occupational stress, the most critical is stress with working conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Unleashing the Power: How Knowledge Management and Organizational Learning Drives Innovation)

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29 pages, 481 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of Ethical Leadership on Employee Green Behaviors: A Study of Academic Institutions in the UAE

by Abdelaziz Abdalla Alowais and Abubakr Suliman

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 376; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100376 - 25 Sep 2025

Viewed by 1217

Abstract

This study explores the role of ethical leadership in fostering employee green behaviors (EGBs) within higher education institutions (HEIs) in the UAE. While environmental initiatives are increasingly being integrated into university operations, there has been limited empirical research examining how leadership styles influence [...] Read more.

This study explores the role of ethical leadership in fostering employee green behaviors (EGBs) within higher education institutions (HEIs) in the UAE. While environmental initiatives are increasingly being integrated into university operations, there has been limited empirical research examining how leadership styles influence pro-environmental behaviors among academic staff. Using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, our study surveyed 105 HEI employees and conducted in-depth interviews with 6 of the participants. The quantitative findings reveal a moderate but significant positive correlation between ethical leadership (EL) and EGB (ρ = 0.314, p < 0.001). The reliability scores for both EL (α = 0.888) and EGB (α = 0.754) confirmed the internal consistency of the measurement items used. The qualitative insights support the theoretical foundation drawn from Social Learning, Value–Belief–Norm, and Environmental Stewardship Theories. Employees reported modeling their green behaviors on observable leadership actions aligning with their shared moral values. A key distinction emerged between authentic and performative green behaviors, with employees responding more positively to leaders who modeled consistency and sincerity. This study concludes that ethical leadership significantly influences the environmental culture in HEIs by embedding sustainability into daily practices and institutional values. This research addresses a regional and theoretical gap, contextualizing ethical leadership in the Middle Eastern academic setting and offering practical implications for leadership development, policy alignment, and sustainable cultural transformation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Leadership)

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15 pages, 805 KB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring Funding Options for Female Entrepreneurs in Rural Areas in South Africa

by Sonia Vorster and Sebonkile Cynthia Thaba

Adm. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 375; https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15100375 - 23 Sep 2025

Viewed by 851

Abstract

Women entrepreneurs in rural South Africa face structural and socio-cultural barriers in accessing funding. This study investigated how existing financial structures and support programs influence the sustainability and growth of female-owned businesses in rural areas. Using bibliometric analysis and sentiment mapping with ATLAS.ti, [...] Read more.

Women entrepreneurs in rural South Africa face structural and socio-cultural barriers in accessing funding. This study investigated how existing financial structures and support programs influence the sustainability and growth of female-owned businesses in rural areas. Using bibliometric analysis and sentiment mapping with ATLAS.ti, 36 documents were analyzed from a screened pool of 613, focusing on keywords, titles, and abstracts. Results reveal that over 65% of documents reflect themes of discrimination and systemic financial exclusion. Findings show that while government initiatives and non-governmental organizations’ (NGOs) efforts (e.g., Department of Small Business Development (DSBD Women’s Development Business, (WDB) are making strides, challenges, such as collateral requirements, limited financial literacy, and infrastructure gaps, persist. The originality of this research lies in its hybrid methodological approach and the emphasis on rural-centric funding misalignments. The study contributes to policy dialogues by recommending tailored financial products co-designed with rural women, improved outreach programs, and integration of gender-sensitive financing mechanisms. It also lays a foundation for further empirical studies on institutional responses to female entrepreneurship in marginal communities. This study applied a novel hybrid method, combining bibliometric analysis with sentiment mapping using ATLAS.ti to uncover both systemic patterns and discursive trends. Its policy relevance lies in offering evidence-based recommendations that align with G20 strategies on gender equity and financial inclusion. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Women Financial Inclusion and Entrepreneurship Development)

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Adm. Sci., Volume 15, Issue 10 (October 2025) – 31 articles

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