Behavioral Sciences

13 pages, 1120 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Do Human Assertions Really Adhere Strictly to Norms? The Effect of Threatening Content in Information on Personalized Norm Perception

by Shijia Zhang, Jiangdong Diao, Jiahui Huang, Yanchi Liu and Lei Mo

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 625; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070625 - 22 Jul 2024

Viewed by 909

Abstract

Assertion is the use of declarative sentences to convey information, which necessitates meeting the “justified-belief norm” as a prerequisite. However, a significant amount of misinformation that did not meet these conditions was spread during COVID-19, leading to a reintroduction of the assertion norm. [...] Read more.

Assertion is the use of declarative sentences to convey information, which necessitates meeting the “justified-belief norm” as a prerequisite. However, a significant amount of misinformation that did not meet these conditions was spread during COVID-19, leading to a reintroduction of the assertion norm. One possible hypothesis is that the threatening content of the misinformation influenced the perception of the norm. However, this remains unclear to researchers. Therefore, we conducted two experiments to investigate the effect of threatening content in information on individuals’ perceptions of norms. In all the experiments, participants read backstories with and without threatening content, followed by answering assertion questions. It was observed that people do follow a looser assertion norm for information that contains threatening content. Additionally, further exploration revealed that threatening factors also lead individuals to more easily perceive the related content as truth and reduce the probability of being blamed. These two outcomes provide some explanation for the underlying mechanism of threatening factors’ influence. The research results further refined the theory of assertion norms, offering a certain basis for information management. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Social Psychology)

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20 pages, 1103 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Exploring Sibling Relationship Quality among Latinx Siblings: A Systematic Review

by Megan R. Holmes, Kari A. O’Donnell, Kristina Lovato, Laurie Kramer, Amy E. Korsch-Williams, Allison E. Herceg and Sylvia O. Stephens

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 624; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070624 - 22 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1137

Abstract

This systematic review addresses the gap in the literature regarding sibling relationship quality among Latinx families, a topic that has not been comprehensively examined to date. This study aimed to synthesize current research on sibling relationship quality in Latinx families, focusing on the [...] Read more.

This systematic review addresses the gap in the literature regarding sibling relationship quality among Latinx families, a topic that has not been comprehensively examined to date. This study aimed to synthesize current research on sibling relationship quality in Latinx families, focusing on the influence of cultural factors, identifying key variables associated with sibling relationship quality, and evaluating the methodological approaches used. This paper is a systematic review based on a recently published evidence and gap map (EGM) that identified and visually presented all published studies investigating sibling relationship quality. Additional inclusion criteria were applied to select articles that specifically examined sibling relationship quality in the United States samples with at least 50% Latinx participants. The review included 12 articles representing 6 distinct studies, revealing significant findings on the roles of familism, simpatía, and gender in shaping sibling dynamics. Results indicated that cultural values such as familism and simpatía positively influence sibling intimacy and warmth, while gender dynamics further moderate these relationships. Methodologically, the articles employed longitudinal and cross-sectional designs, utilizing various quantitative measures. The findings underscore the importance of culturally sensitive approaches in studying sibling relationships and highlight the need for further research to explore these dynamics in diverse Latinx subgroups. Full article

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16 pages, 1392 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on the Psychological Effects of Intangible Cultural Heritage Advertising with Different Degrees of Situational Involvement

by Ruiying Kuang, Changping Hu, Shiyu Huo, Yitian Shi, Xinai Tang and Lulu Mao

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070623 - 22 Jul 2024

Viewed by 985

Abstract

This review addresses the issues of low consumer engagement and market development difficulties in intangible cultural heritage (ICH) products. Dietary ICH products are selected as research materials to discover contemporary commercial survival paths for ICH through the psychological effects of advertising. Firstly, this [...] Read more.

This review addresses the issues of low consumer engagement and market development difficulties in intangible cultural heritage (ICH) products. Dietary ICH products are selected as research materials to discover contemporary commercial survival paths for ICH through the psychological effects of advertising. Firstly, this study examines the respective advantages of rational and emotional ICH advertisement in terms of emotional responses, cognitive responses, attitudes, recall, and recognition. Then, it explores the effects of different ICH advertisement types (rational advertisement, emotional advertisement) and different degrees of situational involvement (purchasing for oneself, purchasing gifts for others) on the advertising effectiveness, aiming to identify factors influencing the psychological effects of ICH advertisement. Through statistical analysis, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) Rational ICH advertisement prompts consumers to consider the actual attributes of ICH products, leading to a more positive purchasing attitude. (2) Emotional ICH advertisement is more effective in eliciting positive emotions from consumers and enhancing brand memory. (3) Under the scenario of purchasing a gift for others, emotional ICH advertisement has a more positive impact on consumers’ attitudes towards advertising. (4) Under different degrees of situational involvement, rational ICH advertisement has a more positive impact on consumers’ purchasing attitudes. This study not only provides guidance for optimizing ICH advertising strategies but also offers new directions for market expansion, contributing valuable insights into cultural heritage preservation, as well as the development and protection of ICH. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Emotional Antecedents and Consequences of Buying and Consuming: A Multidisciplinary Perspective on Consumers’ Emotions)

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17 pages, 1087 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In Males with Adequate Dietary Needs Who Present No Sleep Disturbances, Is an Acute Intake of Zinc Magnesium Aspartate, Following Either Two Consecutive Nights of 8 or 4 h of Sleep Deprivation, Beneficial for Sleep and Morning Stroop Interference Performance?

by Ben J. Edwards, Ryan L. Adam, Chloe Gallagher, Mark Germaine, Andrew T. Hulton, Samuel A. Pullinger and Neil J. Chester

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 622; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070622 - 22 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1274

Abstract

Purpose: Purpose: We examined whether supplementation of zinc magnesium aspartate (ZMA) in two groups of males, either partially sleep-restricted (4 h) or with habitual sleep (8 h) for 2 nights, was beneficial for sleep and subsequent morning Stroop performance. Methods: Participants were randomly [...] Read more.

Purpose: Purpose: We examined whether supplementation of zinc magnesium aspartate (ZMA) in two groups of males, either partially sleep-restricted (4 h) or with habitual sleep (8 h) for 2 nights, was beneficial for sleep and subsequent morning Stroop performance. Methods: Participants were randomly allocated to two independent groups who either had 4 h (33 males) or 8 h (36 males) sleep for two nights. Using a double-blinded, randomised counterbalanced design, they then completed five sessions, (i) two familiarisation sessions including 7 days of sleep and dietary intake, (ii) three conditions with 4 h or 8 h sleep and either NoPill control (NoPill), placebo (PLAC) or ZMA (ZMA). Sleep was assessed by actimetry and sleep questionnaires, and cognitive performance was assessed by the Stroop test. The data were analysed using a general linear model with repeated measures. Results: A main effect for “sleep” (4 or 8 h) was found, where more opportunity to sleep resulted in better “sleep” metrics (both objective and subjective) as well as better Stroop scores (lower colour-interference and word-interference scores and lower error in words). No main effect for “Pill” was found other than the mood state depression, where subjective ratings for the PLAC group were lower than the other two conditions. Interactions were found in anger, ease to sleep and waking time. Conclusion: Having 8 h opportunity to sleep resulted in better “sleep” metrics as well as better Stroop scores compared to 4 h. Supplementation of ZMA for 4 or 8 h for 2 nights had no effect on subsequent morning cognitive performance but reduced sleep or total sleep time by ~0.46 h compared to the other conditions. An interaction was found where sleep time was reduced by ~0.94 h in the ZMA group in the 8 h condition compared to NoPill or PLAC. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Behavioral Consequences of Sleep Restriction)

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21 pages, 1246 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring Social Sharing Value: Effects on Customer Attitudes and Behaviors in Restaurant Livestreaming

by Zihan Yang, Vincenzo Liu and Chan Lyu

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 621; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070621 - 21 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1212

Abstract

In China, the integration of livestreaming into restaurant marketing has transitioned from mere entertainment to a vital business tool. This study examines the influence of social sharing value (SSV) on customer attitudes and behavioral intentions within the context of restaurant livestreams, applying the [...] Read more.

In China, the integration of livestreaming into restaurant marketing has transitioned from mere entertainment to a vital business tool. This study examines the influence of social sharing value (SSV) on customer attitudes and behavioral intentions within the context of restaurant livestreams, applying the stimulus-organism-behavior-consequences (SOBC) model. Analyzing data from 1139 livestream viewers using partial least squares-path modeling (PLS-PM), the results reveal that SSV significantly enhances viewers’ trust, satisfaction, word of mouth (WOM), and behavioral intentions. Trust was shown to elevate satisfaction, which, in turn, positively impacts WOM and purchase intentions. Among the SSV’s components, brand intimacy emerged as highly influential. Notably, behavioral intention was found to significantly influence WOM activities, underscoring the critical role of proactive customer behaviors in promoting the brand. This study extends social exchange theory by quantifying relationship quality and adapting it to digital consumer interactions in the restaurant industry. The findings highlight the importance of cultivating SSV to bolster customer trust and satisfaction, thereby enhancing loyalty and advocacy. Effective engagement through livestreaming can amplify brand intimacy, establishing it as an indispensable strategy for maintaining competitiveness in the restaurant sector. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Consumer Behavior in the Digital Age: An Exploration through the Lens of Behavioral Economic Psychology)

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21 pages, 731 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Online Single-Session Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Associated with Multiple Sclerosis—Pilot Study

by Alina Schenk, Cosmin Octavian Popa, Cristiana Manuela Cojocaru, Ștefan Marian, Smaranda Maier, Ovidiu Lucian Băjenaru and Rodica Bălașa

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 620; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070620 - 21 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1250

Abstract

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most debilitating neurodegenerative diseases in youth, significantly affecting all life domains. Therefore, a strong association between MS, depression and anxiety symptoms has been established. The objective of the present interventional one-group pretest–posttest study is to [...] Read more.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most debilitating neurodegenerative diseases in youth, significantly affecting all life domains. Therefore, a strong association between MS, depression and anxiety symptoms has been established. The objective of the present interventional one-group pretest–posttest study is to assess the feasibility of an online single-session intervention (SSI) based on a cognitive behavioral therapy protocol targeting depressive and anxiety symptoms, psychological mechanisms, fatigue and overall health status. Methods: In this pilot study, 31 patients with MS (M_age = 42 years, SD = 12.2) received the online CBT SSI. The impact of the intervention was assessed using validated instruments two weeks after the intervention and after a two-month follow-up period. Results: Statistically significant effects were observed for the reduction of depression, with B = −7.58, 95% CI (−12.84, −2.31) and p < 0.01, and anxiety, with B = −15.17, 95% CI (−18.31, −12.02) and p < 0.001, at post-test and follow-up screening. Additionally, positive outcomes were seen for irrational beliefs at post-test, with B = −25.86, 95% CI (−46.10, −5.61), along with negative automatic thoughts, with B = −4.47, 95% CI (−10.65, 1.71), which were preserved at follow-up. Despite the health status also improving, no significant changes were observed for dysfunctional attitudes and fatigue. Conclusions: This research proves that the online CBT SSI was efficient for decreasing mild to moderate symptoms of depression and anxiety and reducing the intensity of dysfunctional psychological mechanisms in our sample. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interventions for Depression and Anxiety: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)

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23 pages, 749 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Rape Myths and Verdict Systems: What Is Influencing Conviction Rates in Rape Trials in Scotland?

by Lee John Curley, Martin Lages, Pamela J. Sime and James Munro

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 619; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070619 - 21 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1141

Abstract

The Scottish verdict system includes three verdicts: ‘guilty’, ‘not guilty’ and ‘not proven’. Politicians propose that the three-verdict system is partially to blame for the low conviction rate of rape, whereas research suggests that rape myths may be having a larger impact. To [...] Read more.

The Scottish verdict system includes three verdicts: ‘guilty’, ‘not guilty’ and ‘not proven’. Politicians propose that the three-verdict system is partially to blame for the low conviction rate of rape, whereas research suggests that rape myths may be having a larger impact. To test the effects of varying verdict systems (guilty, not guilty and not proven; guilty and not guilty; a series of proven and not proven verdicts) and rape myths on juror verdicts. A total of 180 participants answered questions regarding their acceptance of rape myths using the Acceptance of Modern Myth and Sexual Aggression (AMMSA) scale. They then watched a staged rape trial filmed in a real courtroom and reached a verdict. Participants also provided longer-form answers on which thematical analysis was conducted. The main findings are as follows: (1) The special verdict system leads to a higher conviction rate than the other systems when rape myth acceptance is controlled for. (2) The higher the rape myth acceptance, the more favourably the accused was perceived and the less favourably the complainer was perceived. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Developments in Attitudes and Interactions with Victims of Crime)

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11 pages, 2042 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Is It Possible to Improve the Perceived Quality of Life of Overweight or Obese Older People through a Multicomponent Physical Exercise Program?

by Yazmina Pleticosic-Ramírez, Víctor Arufe-Giráldez, Josune Rodríguez-Negro, Marcos Mecías-Calvo and Rubén Navarro-Patón

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 618; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070618 - 21 Jul 2024

Viewed by 885

Abstract

Multicomponent exercise is a physical exercise modality in which various physical qualities (strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and balance) are developed with an equal distribution of volume in the same session (approximately 60 min) and that has been little explored in improving the quality [...] Read more.

Multicomponent exercise is a physical exercise modality in which various physical qualities (strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and balance) are developed with an equal distribution of volume in the same session (approximately 60 min) and that has been little explored in improving the quality of life of older adults. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of multicomponent training on self-perceived quality of life in Chilean overweight or obese older people. To this end, a quasi-experimental study with a control group was designed to evaluate self-perceived Quality of Life using the World Health Organization Quality of Life, brief version [Overall Quality of Life (OQOL); Overall Health (OH); Physical Health (PH); Psychological Health (PsH); Social Relations (SR); Environment (E)]. Seventy overweight or obese people aged between 60 and 86 years participated (M = 73.15; SD = 5.94) and were randomized into a control group (CG, n = 35) and an experimental group (EG, n = 35). The results in the EG (pre vs. post-intervention) indicated that there were statistically significant differences in OQOL (p = 0.005), OH (p = 0.014), PH (p < 0.001), PsH (p < 0.001), E (p = 0.015), and SR (p < 0.001) which were not found in the CG in any of the variables (p > 0.050) except in SR (p < 0.001). Regarding sex, post-intervention differences were only found between CG and EG in women in OQOL (p = 0.002), PH (p < 0.001), PsH (p = 0.003), and SR (p < 0.001), but not in OH or E (p > 0.050). These differences were not found among men in any of the variables (p > 0.050). As a conclusion, we can say that a multicomponent physical exercise program applied for 6 months significantly improves the perception of OQOL, OH, PH, PsH, SR, and E in overweight or obese older people. This perception is greater in men than in women. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Activity for Psychological and Cognitive Development)

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14 pages, 2417 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Adolescents: Effect of Knowledge, Attitudes, Role Perceptions, and Barriers in Mental Health Care on Teachers’ Responses

by Inbar Levkovich and Batel Stregolev

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 617; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070617 - 20 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1373

Abstract

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves the deliberate harm of one’s body without the intent to commit suicide and is particularly concerning among adolescents. Teachers play a critical role as gatekeepers in identifying and addressing self-harm, underscoring the importance of their knowledge and response [...] Read more.

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) involves the deliberate harm of one’s body without the intent to commit suicide and is particularly concerning among adolescents. Teachers play a critical role as gatekeepers in identifying and addressing self-harm, underscoring the importance of their knowledge and response strategies in this area. This study explored how teachers’ knowledge, attitudes towards NSSI, perceived roles, and workplace barriers affect their responses to students exhibiting NSSI behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 203 middle and high school teachers in Israel. Data were collected during July and August 2023 using six validated questionnaires. Results: Higher levels of teacher knowledge, positive attitudes, and strong role perceptions correlated with more effective responses to NSSI, whereas increased workplace barriers tended to diminish response efficacy. Positive correlations emerged between role perception and both knowledge and attitudes, whereas negative correlations emerged between workplace barriers, attitudes, and role perceptions. Teaching experience moderated the impact of role perception and workplace barriers on responses. Significant differences were observed between regular and special education settings, although no differences were noted in referral rates or years of seniority. Conclusions: These findings suggest that enhancing teacher knowledge and attitudes towards NSSI, while addressing workplace barriers, can improve response efficacy in educational settings. Full article

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22 pages, 996 KiB

Open AccessArticle

AI Meets the Shopper: Psychosocial Factors in Ease of Use and Their Effect on E-Commerce Purchase Intention

by João M. Lopes, L. Filipe Silva and Ilda Massano-Cardoso

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 616; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070616 - 20 Jul 2024

Viewed by 3526

Abstract

The evolution of e-retail and the contribution of artificial intelligence in improving algorithms for greater customer engagement highlight the potential of these technologies to develop e-commerce further, making it more accessible and personalized to meet individual needs. This study aims to explore the [...] Read more.

The evolution of e-retail and the contribution of artificial intelligence in improving algorithms for greater customer engagement highlight the potential of these technologies to develop e-commerce further, making it more accessible and personalized to meet individual needs. This study aims to explore the psychosocial factors (subjective norms; faith; consciousness; perceived control) that affect AI-enabled ease of use and their impact on purchase intention in online retail. We will also assess the mediating effect of AI-enabled ease of use between psychosocial factors and consumer purchase intention. A quantitative methodology was used, and 1438 responses were collected from Portuguese consumers on e-retail. Structural equation modeling was used for the statistical treatment. The findings indicate that subjective norms do not positively impact AI-enabled ease of use, whereas factors such as faith, consciousness, and perceived control do enhance it. Furthermore, AI-enabled ease of use itself boosts purchase intention. Additionally, the effects of subjective norms, faith, consciousness, and perceived control on purchase intention are significantly enhanced when mediated by AI-enabled ease of use, highlighting the crucial role of usability in shaping consumer purchase behavior. The contribution of this study has been made through the formulation model that provides a systematized perspective about the influencers of purchase intentions and extends the knowledge about the impact of artificial intelligence in e-retail. Furthermore, this study offers insights into the impact of artificial intelligence in e-commerce—artificial intelligence directly affects purchase intentions and plays an important mediator role in the interaction mechanisms between psychosocial factors and purchase intentions. Full article

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12 pages, 990 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Behavioral Intention to Use Virtual Reality in Schools: A Technology Acceptance Model

by Silvia Puiu and Mihaela Tinca Udriștioiu

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 615; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070615 - 19 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1300

Abstract

This paper presents the impact of using virtual reality (VR) in education and focuses on the main factors that affect the behavioral intention of using this new technology for the benefit of both professors and students. As part of our research methodology, we [...] Read more.

This paper presents the impact of using virtual reality (VR) in education and focuses on the main factors that affect the behavioral intention of using this new technology for the benefit of both professors and students. As part of our research methodology, we conducted a survey based on the Technology Acceptance Model and used partial least squares structural equation modelling. The results show that the intention to use VR technology in education is influenced by both usage satisfaction and the task–technology fit. The system quality of the VR technology proved to be important in influencing both the task–technology fit and perceived usefulness. The findings are useful for professors considering the adoption of new technologies that might improve the efficiency of learning for their students. Additionally, managers of educational institutions can use these insights to direct investments towards this type of innovation, which appeals to newer generations. Full article

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16 pages, 272 KiB

Open AccessArticle

‘Are We Gonna Have to Pretend to Be a Straight Couple?’: Examining the Specific Detriment that Cisgenderism Places on Non-Binary Adoption and Fostering Applicants in the United Kingdom

by Claire Brown

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 614; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070614 - 19 Jul 2024

Viewed by 855

Abstract

This exploratory qualitative study aimed to find out more about how the children’s social work system interacts with non-binary parents. It highlights the specific detriment that can be faced by non-binary people hoping to adopt or foster in the United Kingdom. Three key [...] Read more.

This exploratory qualitative study aimed to find out more about how the children’s social work system interacts with non-binary parents. It highlights the specific detriment that can be faced by non-binary people hoping to adopt or foster in the United Kingdom. Three key themes emerged: (1) Barriers for non-binary carers, (2) Prejudice in adoption and fostering matching processes and (3) Intersectional disadvantage. The study found that non-binary people experience specific detriment when endeavouring to start or grow their families, examining how cisgenderism operates to privilege some identities over others. Multiple barriers affect the way non-binary people try and navigate how their family lives in a society that is organised around binary gender identities. Cisgenderism can subtly and pervasively exert a devaluing of identities that sit outside of entrenched binary gender norms, influencing how people can understand and express their gender identities within society. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Contemporary Perspectives on LGBTQ Psychology and Health)

14 pages, 259 KiB

Open AccessReview

Self-Determination Research: Current and Future Directions

by Kathryn M. Burke, Karrie A. Shogren, Andrea Parente, Abdulaziz Alsaeed, Austin M. Myers and Shawn Aleong

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 613; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070613 - 19 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1699

Abstract

This article summarizes the history, current status, and future directions of self-determination research across the globe, with a focus on applications to the education of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their transition from school to adult life. Research on the development, [...] Read more.

This article summarizes the history, current status, and future directions of self-determination research across the globe, with a focus on applications to the education of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities and their transition from school to adult life. Research on the development, implementation, and outcomes of self-determination assessments and interventions is explored. Causal Agency Theory, a theoretical framework for understanding the development of self-determination as a psychological construct, is reviewed, along with research on the importance of self-determination for inclusion, psychological growth, and overall well-being. Specific approaches, models, and perspectives for addressing the support needs of students with intellectual and developmental disabilities, particularly during transitions, are discussed. Assessment and intervention aligned with Causal Agency Theory, including the Self-Determination Inventory and the Self-Determined Learning Model of Instruction, are introduced. Future directions and emerging areas of research are summarized, including issues related to cultural validity, integration of strengths-based approaches, emerging technologies, and systemic changes in schools and communities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Psychology of Children and Adolescents with Intellectual or Developmental Disabilities)

21 pages, 2478 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Training and Technology Acceptance of ChatGPT in University Students of Social Sciences: A Netcoincidental Analysis

by Elena María García-Alonso, Ana Cristina León-Mejía, Roberto Sánchez-Cabrero and Raquel Guzmán-Ordaz

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070612 - 18 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1382

Abstract

This study analyzes the perception and usage of ChatGPT based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Conducting reticular analysis of coincidences (RAC) on a convenience survey among university students in the social sciences, this research delves into the perception and utilization of this [...] Read more.

This study analyzes the perception and usage of ChatGPT based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Conducting reticular analysis of coincidences (RAC) on a convenience survey among university students in the social sciences, this research delves into the perception and utilization of this artificial intelligence tool. The analysis considers variables such as gender, academic year, prior experience with ChatGPT, and the training provided by university faculty. The networks created with the statistical tool “CARING” highlight the role of perceived utility, credibility, and prior experience in shaping attitudes and behaviors toward this emerging technology. Previous experience, familiarity with video games, and programming knowledge were related to more favorable attitudes towards ChatGPT. Students who received specific training showed lower confidence in the tool. These findings underscore the importance of implementing training strategies that raise awareness among students about both the potential strengths and weaknesses of artificial intelligence in educational contexts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Supporting Student Learning in Postsecondary Education)

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22 pages, 646 KiB

Open AccessArticle

“We Can Do Better”: Developing Attitudinal Scales Relevant to LGBTQ2S+ Issues—A Primer on Best Practice Recommendations for Beginners in Scale Development

by CJ Bishop and Todd Graham Morrison

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 611; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070611 - 18 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 853

Abstract

In this primer, following best practice recommendations and drawing upon their own expertise in psychometrics, the authors provide a step-by-step guide for developing measures relevant to sexual- and gender-marginalized persons (SGMPs). To ensure that readers operate from a uniform understanding, definitions for central [...] Read more.

In this primer, following best practice recommendations and drawing upon their own expertise in psychometrics, the authors provide a step-by-step guide for developing measures relevant to sexual- and gender-marginalized persons (SGMPs). To ensure that readers operate from a uniform understanding, definitions for central elements of psychometric testing (e.g., reliability and validity) are provided. Then, detailed information is given about developing and refining scale items. Strategies designed to reduce a pool of items to a manageable number are also highlighted. The authors conclude this primer by discussing various forms of validation (e.g., convergent, discriminant, and known groups). To further readers’ understanding, illustrative examples from measures designed for SGMPs are brought into focus throughout. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Psychology of Sexual and Gender Diversity)

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20 pages, 2408 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Roles of Proactive Personality and Career Satisfaction in the Impact of Employer Brand Attributes Congruence on Creativity

by Jiexuan Zhang and Fei Zhu

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 610; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070610 - 18 Jul 2024

Viewed by 855

Abstract

Although the relationship between employer brand and employee creativity has become a popular theme, this nexus is indirect and ambiguous. Additionally, most studies ignore the consistency of instrumental and symbolic attributes when discussing the consequences of employer brand. This study explored the mechanism [...] Read more.

Although the relationship between employer brand and employee creativity has become a popular theme, this nexus is indirect and ambiguous. Additionally, most studies ignore the consistency of instrumental and symbolic attributes when discussing the consequences of employer brand. This study explored the mechanism of employer brand attributes congruence on employee creativity through career satisfaction, and further revealed the moderating role of proactive personality. Based on the cue consistency theory and the social information processing theory, a polynomial regression model was created and a response surface analysis was conducted using 488 paired questionnaires. The results showed that employer brand attributes congruence impacted employee creativity via career satisfaction. A consistent employer brand strategy is more effective for the creativity of less proactive individuals, while a high-level proactive personality can compensate for the deficiencies of employer brand attributes incongruence. The results complemented employer brand research from the perspective of the instrumental–symbolic attribute configuration and provided supportive empirical evidence of employer brand practices aiming at improving employee creativity. This study has certain practical implications for HR practitioners. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Organizational Behaviors)

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13 pages, 1196 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Callous–Unemotional Traits and Conduct Problems in Children: The Role of Strength and Positive Characteristics

by Patrícia Figueiredo, Andreia Azeredo, Ricardo Barroso and Fernando Barbosa

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070609 - 18 Jul 2024

Viewed by 932

Abstract

In recent decades, many researchers have focused on the development of Conduct Problems from childhood to adolescence. Understanding behavior problems also requires an understanding of well-regulated characteristics. Focusing our assessment on strengths makes it possible, on the one hand, to help children or [...] Read more.

In recent decades, many researchers have focused on the development of Conduct Problems from childhood to adolescence. Understanding behavior problems also requires an understanding of well-regulated characteristics. Focusing our assessment on strengths makes it possible, on the one hand, to help children or adolescents with deficits in important areas (e.g., socio-emotional deficits) to develop emotional regulation skills and adapt their responses to different contexts. This study aims to understand the role of self-competence, self-regulation, empathy, and responsibility (strength variables) in the relationship between Callous Unemotional characteristics and Conduct Problems, with a sample of 236 children aged between 3 and 10 years (M = 7.51, SD = 1.63), through mediation analysis. In general, our findings suggest that self-regulation significantly explains the relationship between the callous dimension of the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits and Conduct Problems, pointing out that this strength variable seems to act as a protective factor against the development of behavior problems. No other mediation effects were found, and these results are considered in light of some limitations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Externalizing and Antisocial Behavior across the Lifespan)

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11 pages, 526 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Mediating Role of Interoceptive Sensitivity in the Relationship between Physical Activity and Depression Symptoms in College Students

by Qian Sun, Xiaona Shen, Meiling Qi, Muhammad Suliman and Siyu Tian

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 608; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070608 - 18 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1187

Abstract

A substantial body of evidence indicates that neurological, psychological, and behavioral health issues are profoundly linked to interoceptive sensitivity. The present study aimed to identify the effects of interoceptive sensitivity on the relationship between physical activity and symptoms of depression in Chinese college [...] Read more.

A substantial body of evidence indicates that neurological, psychological, and behavioral health issues are profoundly linked to interoceptive sensitivity. The present study aimed to identify the effects of interoceptive sensitivity on the relationship between physical activity and symptoms of depression in Chinese college students. This study employed a cross-sectional design using convenience sampling. An online self-reported survey was distributed to college students in China. The participants’ interoceptive sensitivity, physical activity levels, and depressive symptoms were measured using the MAIA-2, IPAQ-SF, and PHQ-9, respectively. The mediating effect was tested via regression analysis and a parallel mediation model, with bootstrap confidence intervals for indirect effects. The results showed a significant negative correlation between physical activity and depression. A significant positive correlation was observed between physical activity and seven dimensions of interoceptive sensitivity. Conversely, interoceptive sensitivity exhibited a negative correlation with depression. The bootstrap mediation analysis showed that the “not distracting” and “trusting” dimensions of interoceptive sensitivity had significant indirect effects on the relationship between physical activity and depression, suggesting that physical activity might reduce depressive symptoms via these two interoceptive sensitivity dimensions. The findings suggest that interoceptive sensitivity should be integrated into therapeutic interventions, such as physical activity interventions, in the treatment of mental illnesses, particularly depression. Increasing physical activity levels, with a specific focus on enhancing interoceptive modulation, appears to be a promising approach for addressing depression in college students. Full article

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14 pages, 655 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Intergenerational Synchrony and Its Effect on Bonding and Group Closeness among Young and Older Adults

by Assaf Suberry and Ehud Bodner

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 607; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070607 - 17 Jul 2024

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 849

Abstract

To examine the effect of synchronous dance movements on social bonding and perceived closeness between generations, 168 young (20–45 years) and older (65–90 years) participants were randomly assigned to six dyad conditions. These included dancing synchronously or asynchronously with an in-age-group or out-age-group [...] Read more.

To examine the effect of synchronous dance movements on social bonding and perceived closeness between generations, 168 young (20–45 years) and older (65–90 years) participants were randomly assigned to six dyad conditions. These included dancing synchronously or asynchronously with an in-age-group or out-age-group unfamiliar partner for 11 min. The participants then completed social bonding and group closeness questionnaires. To assess variation across individuals’ and dyads’ measurements, a generalized estimating equation modeling analysis was conducted. In line with the hypotheses, synchronized dancing increased social bonding, and young adults showed an enhanced perception of closeness between generations. The hypothesis that synchronous dancing with out-age-group members would foster greater perceived closeness compared to in-age-group members was not confirmed. Surprisingly, the results indicated that asynchronous movements with the in-age-group led to a higher degree of closeness between generations than asynchronous movements with the out-age-group. Avenues for future studies on the mechanisms by which intergenerational dance fosters intergenerational bonding and closeness are discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Interactions and Aging)

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17 pages, 1293 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Unraveling the Link between Perceived ESG and Psychological Well-Being: The Moderated Mediating Roles of Job Meaningfulness and Pay Satisfaction

by Woo-Sung Choi, Wenxian Wang, Hee Jin Kim, Jiman Lee and Seung-Wan Kang

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 606; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070606 - 17 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1041

Abstract

Enhancing corporate accountability in areas such as environment, social, and governance (ESG) has solidified its role in the discussion on improving corporate resilience and growth. ESG management activities not only augment corporate sustainability and risk control but also influence the professional roles and [...] Read more.

Enhancing corporate accountability in areas such as environment, social, and governance (ESG) has solidified its role in the discussion on improving corporate resilience and growth. ESG management activities not only augment corporate sustainability and risk control but also influence the professional roles and personal lives of members through their perceived ESG. Historically, most ESG research has centered on the interrelation of corporate ESG endeavors and outcomes, while studies focusing on the influence of perceived ESG on members have been sparse. In this light, our investigation, rooted in the conservation of resources theory, aimed to delineate the mechanistic link between perceived ESG and members’ psychological well-being. This study employed a stratified random sampling technique and collected data across three waves, each spaced four weeks apart. Our sample comprised 325 Korean employees working in administrative, technical, service, and sales roles. This study recruited 325 Korean employees across three time-lagged phases and found that ESG comprehension enhances job meaningfulness, subsequently amplifying psychological wellness. Intriguingly, as pay satisfaction escalates, the mediating role of job meaningfulness between perceived ESG and well-being intensifies. Our study underscores that for organizations to harness perceived ESG to boost psychological well-being via job meaningfulness, managing pay satisfaction is imperative. These findings highlight a crucial policy implication: policymakers must actively promote ESG awareness and incorporate it into employee compensation strategies. This integration is essential to cultivating a healthier, more engaged workforce and driving long-term organizational success. Full article

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15 pages, 694 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cognitive Control/Flexibility, Social Isolation, and Intrinsic Job Satisfaction of Intensive Care Unit Nurses

by Fatima Zehra Allahverdi and Nukhet Bayer

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 605; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070605 - 17 Jul 2024

Viewed by 838

Abstract

Although cognitive control and flexibility have been examined in the past, this study examines their relationship in a stressful working environment, focusing on intrinsic job satisfaction using cognitive behavioral theory as a framework. This study examined cognitive factors (cognitive control and cognitive flexibility) [...] Read more.

Although cognitive control and flexibility have been examined in the past, this study examines their relationship in a stressful working environment, focusing on intrinsic job satisfaction using cognitive behavioral theory as a framework. This study examined cognitive factors (cognitive control and cognitive flexibility) and emotional state (intrinsic job satisfaction) while assessing the mediating role of social isolation, an external work environment variable. The study focused on intrinsic job satisfaction with extrinsic job satisfaction as a covariate. A cross-sectional questionnaire method was used. Two hundred and ten nurses from twelve intensive care units participated. Model one examined cognitive control while model two examined cognitive flexibility, accounting for 32% and 38% of the variance in intrinsic job satisfaction, respectively. Model one accounted for 13% of the variance in social isolation through cognitive control and extrinsic job satisfaction while model two accounted for approximately 14.91% of the variance in social isolation through cognitive flexibility and extrinsic job satisfaction. Combining the two models accounted for 17% of the variance in social isolation and 37.4% of the variation in intrinsic job satisfaction. The results emphasize the importance of training nurses in cognitive control and flexibility to increase intrinsic job satisfaction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Employee Quality of Life, Well-Being and Wellness: A Pathway to Organizational Performance, Efficiency, and Sustainability)

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17 pages, 1276 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Real-World Effectiveness and Predictors of Nurse-Led Individual Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Mental Disorders: An Updated Pragmatic Retrospective Cohort Study

by Naoki Yoshinaga, Yoko Obara, Naohisa Kawano, Kazuki Kondo, Yuta Hayashi, Michikazu Nakai, Ryuichiro Takeda and Hiroki Tanoue

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 604; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070604 - 16 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1616

Abstract

The importance of nurses integrating effective psychological techniques into their clinical practice is widely recognized. Nevertheless, further evidence from real-world settings is needed to establish nurse-led cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as an effective approach in clinical practice. This study aimed to examine the [...] Read more.

The importance of nurses integrating effective psychological techniques into their clinical practice is widely recognized. Nevertheless, further evidence from real-world settings is needed to establish nurse-led cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as an effective approach in clinical practice. This study aimed to examine the clinical effectiveness and predictors of individual CBT for mental disorders delivered by nurses in various routine clinical settings. This pragmatic retrospective cohort study collected data from participants who received nurse-led individual CBT at four institutions from different prefectures in Japan between April 2015 and March 2023. During the study period, 280 clients were referred to nurses for CBT, 240 of whom received nurse-led individual CBT of at least one session. The common primary diagnoses among participants were major depressive disorder (33.8%), social phobia (12.9%), and obsessive–compulsive disorder (10.0%). Of these, 23 participants were ongoing cases at the end of the observation period, and 217 who had completed the course of therapy or discontinued/dropped out from the therapy were included in the analysis (173 completed and 44 discontinued/dropped out (i.e., dropout rate = 20.3%)). Based on the clinical significance definition (primary outcome), 62.4% of the participants who completed the therapy were judged to demonstrate positive clinical significance (recovered or improved), with only a few participants (6.9%) demonstrating deterioration. Significant improvements were observed before and after nurse-led individual CBT across all secondary outcomes, including depression and anxiety symptoms, health-related quality of life, and functional disability (all ps ≤ 0.001). Univariate logistic regression revealed that clients with higher baseline severity of depression and anxiety symptoms were less likely to achieve positive clinical significance following nurse-led individual CBT. The real-world evidence gained through this study will encourage frontline nurses and motivate institutional/organizational leaders and policymakers to employ nurse-led individual CBT, especially for depression and anxiety-related disorders. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Interventions for Depression and Anxiety: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy)

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12 pages, 778 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Parental Involvement and Children’s Subjective Well-Being: Mediating Roles of the Sense of Security and Autonomous Motivation in Chinese Primary School Students

by Xiaoxian Liu, Hengyuan Fan, Xinya Shang, Wange Li, Xinhui He, Purui Cao and Xiaosheng Ding

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 603; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070603 - 16 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1112

Abstract

Parental involvement may influence the subjective well-being of primary school students, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the mechanisms between parental involvement and primary school students’ subjective well-being. The current study investigated 340 fifth and sixth grade students and their [...] Read more.

Parental involvement may influence the subjective well-being of primary school students, but the specific mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the mechanisms between parental involvement and primary school students’ subjective well-being. The current study investigated 340 fifth and sixth grade students and their parents from a primary school using the Parental Education Involvement Behavior Scale, the Well-Being Scale, the Sense of Security Scale, and the Learning Self-Regulation Scale. We found that (1) sense of security plays a complete mediating role between parental involvement and primary school students’ subjective well-being; (2) autonomous motivation has a marginal mediating effect between parental involvement and subjective well-being of primary school students; and (3) sense of security and autonomous motivation play a chain mediating role between parents’ educational involvement and primary school students’ well-being. In conclusion, parental involvement appears to contribute to primary school children’s subjective well-being, and this effect may be mediated individually and sequentially by the children’s sense of security and autonomous motivation. Full article

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16 pages, 1139 KiB

Open AccessArticle

From Screen to Table: How Douyin Food Bloggers Stimulate and Convert Viewer Interests

by Ruoqing Guo, Ziqing Yang and Hao Gao

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 602; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070602 - 16 Jul 2024

Viewed by 923

Abstract

In the era of social media, the influence of food exploration bloggers is increasingly apparent. Sharing their culinary experiences stimulates the audience’s interest in visiting and consuming food destinations. This paper seeks to understand how the characteristics of food exploration bloggers on the [...] Read more.

In the era of social media, the influence of food exploration bloggers is increasingly apparent. Sharing their culinary experiences stimulates the audience’s interest in visiting and consuming food destinations. This paper seeks to understand how the characteristics of food exploration bloggers on the Douyin platform influence audience perceptions of food and locations and how these perceptions may relate to visiting intentions, using the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model. A cross-sectional online survey analyzed responses from 437 individuals interested in food exploration videos on Douyin. The results indicate that source credibility is significantly associated with the stimulation of taste desires and the formation of taste awareness. The audience’s taste desire and taste awareness are positively linked to the intention to visit. This study contributes to the expansion of the SOR model’s application in digital media, underscoring the substantial role of social media in influencing audience consumption intentions. It highlights that as an effective communication tool, social media can significantly impact users’ behavioral responses and consumption decisions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Media as Interpersonal and Masspersonal)

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27 pages, 7185 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Can Leading by Example Alone Improve Cooperation?

by Ziying Zhang, Nguepi Tsafack Elvis, Jiawei Wang and Gonglin Hou

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 601; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070601 - 15 Jul 2024

Viewed by 649

Abstract

Cooperation is essential for the survival of human society. Understanding the nature of cooperation and its underlying mechanisms is crucial for studying human behavior. This paper investigates the impact of leadership on public cooperation by employing repeated sequential public goods games, as well [...] Read more.

Cooperation is essential for the survival of human society. Understanding the nature of cooperation and its underlying mechanisms is crucial for studying human behavior. This paper investigates the impact of leadership on public cooperation by employing repeated sequential public goods games, as well as by examining whether leading by example (through rewards and punishments) can promote cooperation and organizational success. The leaders were assigned randomly and were given the authority to reward or punish. As a result, (1) the leaders showed a strong tendency toward reciprocity by punishing free riders and rewarding cooperators at their own expense, which enhanced the intrinsic motivation for others to follow their example; and (2) both rewards and punishments were effective in promoting cooperation, but punishment was more effective in sustaining a high level of collaboration. Additionally, leaders preferred using rewards and were more reluctant to use punishments. These findings are crucial for creating organizational structures that foster cooperation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Employee Quality of Life, Well-Being and Wellness: A Pathway to Organizational Performance, Efficiency, and Sustainability)

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17 pages, 1187 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effects of Illegitimate Tasks on Task Crafting and Cyberloafing: The Role of Stress Mindset and Stress Appraisal

by Qian Ma and Yuxuan Xie

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 600; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070600 - 14 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1167

Abstract

Previous studies have mainly focused on the detrimental effects of illegitimate tasks as ubiquitous workplace stressors while ignoring the appraisal measures for such tasks. The term “illegitimate” is used by employees to describe the alignment of a task with their job role rather [...] Read more.

Previous studies have mainly focused on the detrimental effects of illegitimate tasks as ubiquitous workplace stressors while ignoring the appraisal measures for such tasks. The term “illegitimate” is used by employees to describe the alignment of a task with their job role rather than the inherent qualities of the task itself. Thus, drawing on the transactional theory of stress, this study examines the moderating effect of the stress mindset on the relationship between illegitimate tasks and the appraisal of such tasks. On this basis, this study further explores when cognitive appraisal mediates the effects of illegitimate tasks on coping behaviors (task crafting and cyberloafing). Data were collected from 285 employees from an energy company in Shandong, China, by using a time-lagged research design. The findings indicate that employees react differently to illegitimate tasks depending on their stress mindset. Specifically, for employees with a stress-is-enhancing mindset, illegitimate tasks induce their challenge appraisal, which leads to task crafting. In addition, illegitimate tasks induce hindrance appraisal in employees with a stress-is-debilitating mindset, which leads to cyberloafing. In practice, this research study suggests that when illegitimate tasks cannot be eliminated, organizations should consider employees’ stress mindset when assigning such tasks. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Organizational Behaviors)

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11 pages, 1271 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Negative Effect of Siblings on Perspective-Taking in Adulthood under Chinese Culture

by Xingyu Fan and Yi Liu

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 599; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070599 - 14 Jul 2024

Viewed by 920

Abstract

Evidence from Western developed countries has consistently found that children with sibling(s) showed better perspective-taking (PT) than only children. However, this was not the case in developing countries like China. Our study investigates whether the potentially hindering effect of having sibling(s) on PT [...] Read more.

Evidence from Western developed countries has consistently found that children with sibling(s) showed better perspective-taking (PT) than only children. However, this was not the case in developing countries like China. Our study investigates whether the potentially hindering effect of having sibling(s) on PT persists into adulthood within the context of contemporary Chinese culture. We employed self-report questionnaires to measure PT, perceived parental care, and sibling relationships among Chinese young adults (21.93 ± 2.35 years old). Our findings indicate that in China, (1) having sibling(s) hinders individuals’ PT in adulthood, (2) a potential mechanism for this effect is that having sibling(s) leads individuals to perceive less parental care during early life, and (3) for those with sibling(s), higher sibling intimacy can enhance PT, particularly among older sister–younger brother pairs. These results suggest that in developing countries such as China, while sibling(s) may diminish PT to some extent, factors like parental care and sibling intimacy can serve as protective factors that mitigate the negative impacts of sibling(s) on PT. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Developmental Psychology)

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15 pages, 705 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Incremental Validity of Trait Impulsivity, Dysfunctional Emotional Regulation, and Affect Lability in the Predictions of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms in Adults

by Rapson Gomez and Stephen J Houghton

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 598; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070598 - 14 Jul 2024

Viewed by 980

Abstract

Difficulties in emotion regulation (DER) is a defining feature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and arguments are being made for it to be considered as a defining feature of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). However, the consensus is that it is better viewed [...] Read more.

Difficulties in emotion regulation (DER) is a defining feature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and arguments are being made for it to be considered as a defining feature of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). However, the consensus is that it is better viewed as an important correlate distinct from ADHD. This study examined the incremental validity of DER over and above trait impulsivity (TI) in the predictions of ADHD and ODD symptoms. It also examined the incremental validity of affect lability (AL) over and above TI and (DER) in these predictions. Five hundred and twenty-five adults from the general community completed a series of questionnaires. A model-based SEM approach for evaluating incremental validity indicated that TI predicted ADHD and ODD symptoms over age; DER predicted ADHD and ODD symptoms over age and TI; and AL did not predict ADHD and ODD symptoms over and above age, IT, or DER. In addition, AL predicted ADHD and ODD symptoms over age and TI, and DER also predicted ADHD and ODD symptoms over and above age, TI, and AL. In conclusion, TI is core to ADHD, and although DER is important, it is unlikely to be relevant as a diagnostic indicator for ADHD or ODD. These findings notwithstanding, there is need for caution when interpreting our findings, as the study did not control for potentially influencing factors on emotional regulation such as age, gender, culture, and existing psychopathologies. Full article

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15 pages, 822 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Chinese Rural Kindergarten Teachers’ Work–Family Conflict and Their Turnover Intention: The Role of Emotional Exhaustion and Professional Identity

by Yingjie Wang, Qianqian Xia, Huilan Yue and Wei Teng

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 597; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070597 - 14 Jul 2024

Viewed by 820

Abstract

The loss of rural kindergarten teachers has become a common social concern in China, which is of great importance to the development of preschool education. This study conducted a survey of 2944 kindergarten teachers in mainland China, to explore the relationship between work–family [...] Read more.

The loss of rural kindergarten teachers has become a common social concern in China, which is of great importance to the development of preschool education. This study conducted a survey of 2944 kindergarten teachers in mainland China, to explore the relationship between work–family conflict and turnover intention, the mediating effect of emotional exhaustion, and the moderating effect of professional identity. The study used the work–family conflict questionnaire, the emotional exhaustion scale, the turnover intention questionnaire, and the professional identity questionnaire. The results showed that (1) work–family conflict significantly predicted turnover intention; (2) emotional exhaustion played a mediating role between work–family conflict and turnover intention; and (3) professional identity moderated the latter half path of the mediation model, that is, strong professional identity alleviated the indirect predicting effect of work–family conflict on turnover intention through emotional exhaustion. The results clarified the influencing mechanism of work–family conflict on turnover intention, which could help improve rural preschool teachers’ positive emotions and reducing turnover. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Educational Psychology)

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24 pages, 2239 KiB

Open AccessArticle

From E-Commerce to the Metaverse: A Neuroscientific Analysis of Digital Consumer Behavior

by Alessandro Fici, Marco Bilucaglia, Chiara Casiraghi, Cristina Rossi, Simone Chiarelli, Martina Columbano, Valeria Micheletto, Margherita Zito and Vincenzo Russo

Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 596; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070596 - 13 Jul 2024

Viewed by 2126

Abstract

The growing interest in consumer behavior in the digital environment is leading scholars and companies to focus on consumer behavior and choices on digital platforms, such as the metaverse. On this immersive digital shopping platform, consumer neuroscience provides an optimal opportunity to explore [...] Read more.

The growing interest in consumer behavior in the digital environment is leading scholars and companies to focus on consumer behavior and choices on digital platforms, such as the metaverse. On this immersive digital shopping platform, consumer neuroscience provides an optimal opportunity to explore consumers’ emotions and cognitions. In this study, neuroscience techniques (EEG, SC, BVP) were used to compare emotional and cognitive aspects of shopping between metaverse and traditional e-commerce platforms. Participants were asked to purchase the same product once on a metaverse platform (Second Life, SL) and once via an e-commerce website (EC). After each task, questionnaires were administered to measure perceived enjoyment, informativeness, ease of use, cognitive effort, and flow. Statistical analyses were conducted to examine differences between SL and EC at the neurophysiological and self-report levels, as well as between different stages of the purchase process. The results show that SL elicits greater cognitive engagement than EC, but it is also more mentally demanding, with a higher workload and more memorization, and fails to elicit a strong positive emotional response, leading to a poorer shopping experience. These findings provide insights not only for digital-related consumer research but also for companies to improve their metaverse shopping experience. Before investing in the platform or creating a digital retail space, companies should thoroughly analyze it, focusing on how to enhance users’ cognition and emotions, ultimately promoting a better consumer experience. Despite its limitations, this pilot study sheds light on the emotional and cognitive aspects of metaverse shopping and suggests potential for further research with a consumer neuroscience approach in the metaverse field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Consumer Behavior in the Digital Age: An Exploration through the Lens of Behavioral Economic Psychology)

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Behav. Sci., Volume 14, Issue 7 (July 2024) – 113 articles

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