Externalizing and Antisocial Behavior Across the Lifespan

A special issue of Behavioral Sciences (ISSN 2076-328X). This special issue belongs to the section "Psychiatric, Emotional and Behavioral Disorders".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 14696

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs (HEI-Lab), Lusófona University, 4000-098 Porto, Portugal
Interests: mental health; dimensional approaches to psychopathology; antisocial behavior; cognition; neurophysiology

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs (HEI-Lab), Lusófona University, 4000-098 Porto, Portugal
Interests: psychopathology; mental health; empathy; social cognition; interoception; neurophysiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, approaches to psychopathology have provided ambitious dimensional frameworks for facing the complexity of externalizing and antisocial behaviour (e.g., the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), the DSM-S Alternative Model of Personality Disorders, Research Domain Criteria). Indeed, diagnostic-level research has unveiled a high co-occurrence of substance-related disorders, behavioural addictions (e.g., gambling, gaming), attention-deficit–hyperactivity disorder, antisocial behaviour, aggression, conduct disorder, impulse control disorder, and disinhibited personality disorders (e.g., psychopathy, narcissism, borderline). According to the HiTOP framework, the externalizing factor of psychopathology, directly flowing from the general factor of psychopathology (or p factor), aggregates coherent phenotypic and etiologic dispositions, shared neural correlates, temperamental antecedents, and outcomes among these disorders. While exciting developments in dimensional models of psychopathology have helped to build the foundation for a new way to approach externalizing and antisocial behaviour, there is still much work to be done.

This Special Issue is intended to showcase studies that add unique insights into externalizing and antisocial behaviour. Examples include, but are not limited to, studies that examine:

  1. A wide variety of age groups (some of them understudied, such as young children or late life) to better understand the expression of externalizing and antisocial behaviour across the lifespan;
  2. Gender and sex and cross-cultural variations in the expression of externalizing and antisocial behaviour;
  3. Impact, challenges, and outcomes of externalizing and antisocial behaviour at different levels (e.g., society, forensic settings, organizations, romantic relationships, online interactions, etc.);
  4. Comorbidity within the externalizing spectrum, especially considering disinhibited and antagonistic-antisocial expressions;
  5. Heterogeneity in antisocial expressions (e.g., physical/non-physical, impulsive/premeditated, and relational aggression, fraud, bullying, etc.);
  6. Traits and dimensions highly relevant to externalizing and antisocial behaviour (e.g., impatient urgency, low planful control, low dependability, alienation, boredom proneness, blame externalization, low honesty, rebelliousness, low empathy, and danger seeking);
  7. Genetic, biological, and contextual factors that may influence or be indicators of antisocial and externalizing manifestations (e.g., brain dysfunction, developmental factors, exposure to aggression, peer influence, etc.);
  8. Affective and cognitive mechanisms that may underlie externalizing and antisocial manifestations (e.g., hostility bias, emotion processing and regulation, executive functioning, etc.);
  9. Risk and protective factors of externalizing and antisocial behaviour, with implications for prevention and intervention;
  10. Efficacy of interventions targeting externalizing and antisocial behaviours.

Dr. Rita Pasion
Dr. Carlos Campos
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • behavioral sciences
  • assessment
  • intervention
  • development
  • antisocial behaviour
  • aggression
  • impulsivity
  • psychopathology
  • personality

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 878 KiB  
Article
Psychopathic Traits in Adult versus Adolescent Males: Measurement Invariance across the PCL-R and PCL:YV
by Darlene A. Ngo, Craig S. Neumann, J. Michael Maurer, Carla Harenski and Kent A. Kiehl
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(8), 672; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080672 - 2 Aug 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3673
Abstract
Both the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL-R) and the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV), respectively, are established instruments for assessment of psychopathy and development of psychopathic propensity. To reliably compare scores from both instruments, measurement invariance must be established. The current study involved a combined [...] Read more.
Both the Psychopathy Checklist–Revised (PCL-R) and the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV), respectively, are established instruments for assessment of psychopathy and development of psychopathic propensity. To reliably compare scores from both instruments, measurement invariance must be established. The current study involved a combined sample of 1091 male participants (adults = 813; adolescents = 278) from correctional facilities in New Mexico. An exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) framework was used to test for measurement invariance. The four-factor ESEM model demonstrated good fit for the combined and individual samples. Results from the multiple group ESEM provide evidence for generally strong invariance, with equivalent factor loadings and thresholds. Adolescents exhibited decreased latent interpersonal traits but increased latent features on other PCL factors (affective, lifestyle, and antisocial) compared to adults. Findings suggest that the four-factor model and the measurement of psychopathic traits remain consistent across age groups. Implications of the findings within research and clinical contexts are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Externalizing and Antisocial Behavior Across the Lifespan)
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13 pages, 1196 KiB  
Article
Callous–Unemotional Traits and Conduct Problems in Children: The Role of Strength and Positive Characteristics
by Patrícia Figueiredo, Andreia Azeredo, Ricardo Barroso and Fernando Barbosa
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 609; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070609 - 18 Jul 2024
Viewed by 2387
Abstract
In recent decades, many researchers have focused on the development of Conduct Problems from childhood to adolescence. Understanding behavior problems also requires an understanding of well-regulated characteristics. Focusing our assessment on strengths makes it possible, on the one hand, to help children or [...] Read more.
In recent decades, many researchers have focused on the development of Conduct Problems from childhood to adolescence. Understanding behavior problems also requires an understanding of well-regulated characteristics. Focusing our assessment on strengths makes it possible, on the one hand, to help children or adolescents with deficits in important areas (e.g., socio-emotional deficits) to develop emotional regulation skills and adapt their responses to different contexts. This study aims to understand the role of self-competence, self-regulation, empathy, and responsibility (strength variables) in the relationship between Callous Unemotional characteristics and Conduct Problems, with a sample of 236 children aged between 3 and 10 years (M = 7.51, SD = 1.63), through mediation analysis. In general, our findings suggest that self-regulation significantly explains the relationship between the callous dimension of the Inventory of Callous–Unemotional Traits and Conduct Problems, pointing out that this strength variable seems to act as a protective factor against the development of behavior problems. No other mediation effects were found, and these results are considered in light of some limitations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Externalizing and Antisocial Behavior Across the Lifespan)
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14 pages, 1525 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Bystander Features on Displaced Aggression in Provocative Situations among Male Juvenile Delinquents
by Shuang Lin, Gonglu Cheng, Shinan Sun, Mengmeng Feng and Xuejun Bai
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(6), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14060496 - 13 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1140
Abstract
Two studies were conducted to explore the influence of bystander features of displaced aggression in provocative situations among male juvenile delinquents. Study 1 examined the differences in displaced aggression between provoked male juvenile delinquents in the presence or absence of bystanders. The results [...] Read more.
Two studies were conducted to explore the influence of bystander features of displaced aggression in provocative situations among male juvenile delinquents. Study 1 examined the differences in displaced aggression between provoked male juvenile delinquents in the presence or absence of bystanders. The results revealed that provoked male juvenile delinquents exhibited significantly higher levels of displaced aggression when bystanders were present compared to when they were not. Study 2 further manipulated the bystanders’ trigger level and investigated the differences in displaced aggression exhibited by provoked male juvenile delinquents towards highly versus lowly triggered bystanders. The results indicated that after low provocation, male juvenile delinquents exhibited significantly higher levels of displaced aggression towards highly triggered bystanders compared to lowly triggered bystanders. These findings demonstrated that male juvenile delinquents exhibited a high level of displaced aggression towards bystanders in provocative situations, particularly with highly triggered bystanders. This study supported the personality and social model of displaced aggression, emphasizing that bystanders, especially those with high triggers, were more likely to become targets of displaced aggression. The current study provides references for subsequent criminal rehabilitation and crime prevention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Externalizing and Antisocial Behavior Across the Lifespan)
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15 pages, 657 KiB  
Article
Addressing the Complex Links between Psychopathy and Childhood Maltreatment, Emotion Regulation, and Aggression—A Network Analysis in Adults
by Diana Moreira, Candy Silva, Patrícia Moreira, Tiago Miguel Pinto, Raquel Costa, Diogo Lamela, Inês Jongenelen and Rita Pasion
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(2), 115; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14020115 - 4 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4123
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment is the strongest predictor of psychopathology and personality disorders across the lifespan and is strongly associated with a variety of psychological problems, namely, mood and anxiety disorders, behavioral and personality disorders, substance abuse, aggression, and self-harm. In this study, we aim [...] Read more.
Childhood maltreatment is the strongest predictor of psychopathology and personality disorders across the lifespan and is strongly associated with a variety of psychological problems, namely, mood and anxiety disorders, behavioral and personality disorders, substance abuse, aggression, and self-harm. In this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive picture of the interplay between different traits of psychopathy and distinct dimensions of childhood maltreatment, emotion regulation, and aggression. Using a cross-sectional design, we employed correlational network analysis to explore the nomological network of psychopathy and provide a sample-based estimate of the population parameters reflecting the direction, strength, and patterns of relationships between variables. The sample consisted of 846 adults (71% females) who completed questionnaires measuring psychopathy, childhood maltreatment, emotion regulation, and aggression. The results highlight that disinhibition traits of psychopathy are the closest attributes of early experiences of abuse (but not neglect) in childhood and correlate with all dimensions of emotion regulation difficulties, being specifically associated with reactive aggression. Neglect was a unique attribute in the nomological network of meanness, with widespread correlations with emotion regulation difficulties but also an increased ability to engage in goal-directed behavior. Physical abuse was the only dimension of childhood adversity that was found to be intercorrelated with boldness and increased emotional regulation was found in this psychopathic trait. No significant associations were found between boldness, meanness, and aggression once shared variance with disinhibition was controlled. These results are discussed in terms of their implication for research and clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Externalizing and Antisocial Behavior Across the Lifespan)
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16 pages, 786 KiB  
Systematic Review
Do Juveniles Who Have Committed Sexual Offenses Have Higher Callous-Unemotional Traits Compared to Juveniles Who Have Committed General Offenses? A Systematic Review
by Eduarda Ramião, Andreia Geraldo, Patrícia Figueiredo, Ricardo Barroso and Fernando Barbosa
Behav. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 525; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14070525 - 24 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1539
Abstract
The importance of assessing psychopathic traits in juveniles who have committed sexual offenses has been established in individuals who demonstrate a particularly severe and violent pattern of behavior. Additionally, the assessment of these traits in other juveniles might be relevant considering that higher [...] Read more.
The importance of assessing psychopathic traits in juveniles who have committed sexual offenses has been established in individuals who demonstrate a particularly severe and violent pattern of behavior. Additionally, the assessment of these traits in other juveniles might be relevant considering that higher levels of these traits represent an increased probability of the juvenile committing offenses. This study is a systematic review of the literature about the presence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits in juveniles who have committed sexual and non-sexual offenses, in order to ascertain eventual differences between these groups regarding the presence of CU traits. Studies were obtained from multiple databases, with predefined exclusion and inclusion criteria, according to PRISMA-P guidelines. A total of 18 studies were reviewed and included in the final analysis. The 18 studies used measures of CU traits and reported descriptive categories of CU traits in juveniles who have committed general offenses or juveniles who have committed sexual offenses. Meta-analytic procedures such as pooled means, pooled variances, and pooled standard deviations are presented in this study. The main conclusion obtained is that juveniles who have committed general offenses present higher levels of CU traits compared to juveniles who have committed sexual offenses. Although the review highlights limitations in the literature, the identification of these characteristics in different types of juveniles who have committed offenses is important to shed light on the phenomenon and develop interventions better suited to their characteristics. Recommendations for future research are also presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Externalizing and Antisocial Behavior Across the Lifespan)
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