Metals, Volume 8, Issue 5

Cylindrical Fe-6.5 wt. % Si bars of 7.5 mm diameter were successfully fabricated from an as-cast ingot through three rolling stages, with 10 total passes: rough rolling at 850–900 °C and 8–10 m/min; medium rolling at 800–850 &de...

Currently, standard samples of hydrogen-metal systems meeting the requirements of glow discharge optical emission spectrometers (GD-OES) are not available on the market. This article describes the preparation of Zr-Nb-H standard samples and the calib...

The exact eutectoid and peritectoid temperatures in near equiatomic Zr-Pd compositions have been determined by using the diffusion couple method and microstructure analysis. The crystal structure of Zr₁₃Pd₁₂ compound were estimated to be orthorhombic...

High specific modulus materials are considered excellent for the aerospace industry. The system Ti-TiAl-B₄C is presented herein as an alternative material. Secondary phases formed in situ during fabrication vary depending on the processing conditions...

The effect of a new cylindrical swirling flow tundish design on the multiphase flow and heat transfer in a mold was studied. The RSM (Reynolds stress model) and the VOF (volume of fluid) model were used to solve the steel and slag flow phenomena. The...

Metastability-engineering strategy is an important topic for high entropy alloys (HEAs), owing to the transformation-induced plasticity effect (TRIP). In this work, TRIP effects of Co-Cr-Fe-Ni HEAs are investigated. Results indicate the tensile defor...

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of Ti-15Mo alloys conducted in electrolytes containing Ca and P compounds can be an efficient process with which to obtain bioactive coatings. This paper reports on the influence of the nature of the electrolyte, i...

Press-braking bending is widely applied in the manufacture of aircraft integral panels because of the advantages of strong adaptability to different contours, simplicity of bending tools, short manufacturing time and low process cost. However, a simu...

A wider interface bead width is required for laser overlap welding by increasing the strength of the base material (BM) because the strength difference between the weld metal (WM) and the BM decreases. An insufficient interface bead width leads to in...

A new citrate-based electrolyte is proposed for the electrodeposition of thick Fe-C films. The structure and properties of the deposits are compared to those from another electrolyte previously reported in the literature. Both consist of a nanocrysta...

The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) property of molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) is undesirable because of the insufficient active edge sites and the poor conductivity. To enhance HER performance of MoS₂, nickel phosphide (Ni₂P) was combined with this c...

The double differentiation method overestimates the critical stress associated with the initiation of dynamic transformation (DT) because significant amounts of the dynamic phase must be present in order for its effect on the work hardening rate to b...

The texture evolution of cold rolled pure titanium through different annealing parameters was investigated and different processes for various textures controls were proposed for further industrial application. Columnar grains with strong {11–2...

Premix membrane emulsification is a gentle process for producing nanoemulsions, i.e., for pharmaceutical purposes. The operating time of common membranes is short today, because of their fragility, membrane fouling and poor cleanability. In contrast,...

The material of a combustion chamber is subjected to high thermal and mechanical fatigue that can result in premature failure. Nevertheless, there is very little information in the literature concerning its characterization. In this work, the study o...

In this paper, a five-axis machining process is analyzed for large spiral-bevel gears, an interesting process for one-of-kind manufacturing. The work is focused on large sized spiral bevel gears manufacturing using universal multitasking machines or...

The influence of microstructure on pipe flattening response was assessed using two different commercially produced U-ing, O-ing, and expansion (UOE) pipes from API X65 steels having either a bainitic microstructure (steel B) or a ferrite/pearlite mic...

Surface-hardened layer characteristics and fatigue strength properties of transformation-induced plasticity-aided martensitic steels subjected to heat-treatment or vacuum carburization followed by fine-particle peening are revealed for automotive app...

With the progress in materials science and production technology and the establishment of light-weight design in many fields of the industry, the application of light metals no longer requires only mechanical strength, but also a significant protecti...

Medium-Mn steels are characterized by ultrafine-grained (UFG) duplex microstructure consisting of ferrite and a large amount of retained austenite. Intercritical annealing is of great importance to achieving the UFG duplex microstructure and adjustin...

The M₂₃C₆ precipitate plays a major role in preventing the sliding of the grain boundary and strengthens the matrix in the reduced-activation ferritic/martensic (RAFM) steel. However, its stability might be reduced under irradiation. The microstructu...

Cubic boron nitride (cBN), in addition to diamond, is one of the two superabrasives most commonly used for grinding hard materials such as ceramics or difficult-to-cut metal alloys such as nickel-based aeronautical alloys. In the manufacturing proces...

Microalloyed steels have evolved in terms of their chemical composition, processing, and metallurgical characteristics since the beginning of the 20th century in the function of fabrication costs and mechanical properties required to obtain high-perf...

Ni-rich nanodomains and Ti₃Ni₄ nanoprecipitates in the strain glass of Ni-rich Ti-Ni shape memory alloys (SMAs) play an important role in the origin and characteristic control of the strain glass transition. Ni-rich nanodomains are formed in the quen...

In this study, an optimal selective laser melting (SLM) process for manufacturing dense NiTi alloy with pseudoelasticity and shape-memory capability was proposed. The microstructure, phase-transformation temperature, shape memory capability, and pseu...

The design and development of novel magnesium-based materials with suitable alloying elements and bio-ceramic reinforcements can act as a possible solution to the ever-increasing demand of high performance bioresorbable orthopedic implant. In the cur...

This paper addressed the prestress- and twin spacing-dependent deformation as well as the hardening-to-softening transition in nanotwinned copper (nt-Cu) using molecular dynamics simulations. The results demonstrated that the hardening-to-softening t...

As the global economy grows, demand for metal continues to increase. Unfortunately, metal resources are in limited supply [...]

In this study, uniform and ordered nanostructured arrays of pure tin (Sn) were produced by the chemical pulse plating method in potentiostatic mode. Bottom metalized anodic aluminium oxide templates were used as the substrates for holding nanostructu...

The paper presents the study of the influence of mechanical damage on the safe operation of gas transmission pipelines. The main types of pipeline damage with the actual parameters and their influence on the operational parameters are analysed. The d...

Al-Si-Cu foundry alloys are widely applied in the form of high-pressure diecast components. They feature hypo- or nearly eutectic compositions, such as AlSi9Cu3(Fe), AlSi11Cu2(Fe), and AlSi12Cu1(Fe) alloys, which are used in the present study. Diecas...

In the paper, the effects, on basic usable properties (abrasive wear and corrosion resistance), of solidification (acc. to the stable and non-stable equilibrium system) and transformations occurring in the matrix during the cooling of castings of Ni-...

The Effect of the solidification conditions and subsequent extrusion of a Mg-3.0Zn-0.5Y (at. %) alloy containing quasicrystalline icosahedral (i-) phase was studied. Solidification was carried out by three methods using a chill casting mold, a conven...

On the basis of the Volume Correlation Model (VCM) as well as data on steel consumption and scrap collection per industry sector (construction, automotive, industrial goods, and consumer goods), it was possible to estimate service lifetimes of steel...

In the present study, the influence of hydrogen on the fatigue behavior of the high strength martensitic stainless steel X3CrNiMo13-4 and the metastable austenitic stainless steels X2Crni19-11 with various nickel contents was examined in the low and...

This paper investigates softening phenomena within the post-dynamic recrystallization (PDRX) process in 300M high-strength steel specimens with different initial dynamically recrystallized volume fractions. Isothermal, interrupted compression experim...

For a variety of applications, such as in miniaturized machines, tools for minimal invasive surgery, or coronary stents, microscale components are used. For all these components, their dimensions are far below the size of conventional test specimens,...

Thixoforming depends on three factors: (a) the thermodynamic stability of the solid-to-liquid transformation in the presence of temperature fluctuations; (b) the size and morphology of the solid particles in the liquid in the semisolid state; and (c)...

Around the world, there are thousands of metal structures completely or partially buried in the soil. The main concern in their design is corrosion. Corrosion is a mechanism that degrades materials and causes structural failures in infrastructures, w...

Indium and silver are technologically important, critical metals, and in the majority of cases, they are extracted as a by-product of another carrier metal. The importance of indium has seen recent growth, and for technological reasons, these metals...

The objective of this research is for Ti6Al4V alloy turnings, generated during the machining of implants, to produce powders for the fabrication of Ti base coating via the cold spray method. In order to decrease the cost of powder production and incr...

Sheets of aluminum 2017A-T451 and 7075-T651 were friction stir-welded in a butt-weld configuration. An existing computational model of the welding process for temperature distribution and material flow was adapted to estimate the phase transformation...

Dissimilar CuNiCrSi and CuCrZr butt joints were successfully frictionstirwelded at constant welding speed of 150 mm/min and rotational speed of 1400 rpm with the CuCrZr alloy or the CuNiCrSi alloy located on the advancing side (AS). The microstructur...

In order to investigate the structure of welds, austenitic stainless steel (SS) studs with a diameter of 6 mm were welded to austenitic SS plates with a thickness of 5 mm using an arc stud welding (ASW) method. The effects of the welding current, wel...

The aim of this work was to achieve an understanding of the distribution of selected bauxite trace elements (gallium (Ga), vanadium (V), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), rare earth elements (REEs), scandium (Sc)) in the Bayer process. The assessment was...

Interface is crucial to enable desirable service performances of coatings on substrates. In this paper, Ni-P coatings were prepared on AZ31B alloy by using electroless plating, with the coating/substrate interface being tuned to improve the corrosion...

The interfacial bonding process and mechanical properties of AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute) stainless steel/Q235A carbon steel were investigated by deformation bonding, heat preservation, and tensile tests. The results reveal that the defor...

Electrolytic plasma polishing (EPP) is an emerging technology for polishing, cleaning, deburring and smoothing of free-formed metal surfaces. The electrolytic plasma polishing of outer metal surfaces is state-of-the-art, whereas the polishing of pipe...

While Zr is frequently added to Al alloys to control grain size with the formation of large (>1 μm) primary precipitates, little research has been conducted on the effect of nanoscale Al₃Zr precipitates on Al alloys. By comparing the precipitation...

Using feedstock containing discrete dual or multi powders leads to segregation in the powder bed of additive manufacturing processes. In the present study, a new impregnated hybrid binder with properties closer to those of the base powder is develope...