Diagnostics, Volume 10, Issue 3

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive brain tumor, has a very poor outcome and high tumor recurrence rate. The immune system has positive interactions with the central nervous system. Despite many studies investigating immune prognostic...

Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are a real social problem, with an upward trend worldwide. The most frequent consequence of a traumatic brain injury is extra-axial hemorrhage, i.e., an acute subdural (SDH) and epidural hematoma (EDH). Mo...

Acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) is a common pathology encountered after head trauma. Only a minority of aSDHs have an arterial source. In this article, we report a case of aSDH originating from a traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the distal segment of poste...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by a progressive loss of renal function and a decrease of glomerular filtration rate. Reduced mitochondrial function, coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀), and increased oxidative stress in patients with CKD contribute t...

Measurement of gastric emptying is of clinical value for a range of conditions. Gamma scintigraphy (GS) has an established role, but the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently increased. Previous comparison studies between MRI and GS sh...

This study aimed to find potential diagnostic markers for osteoarthritis (OA) and analyze the role of immune cells infiltration in this pathology. We used OA datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. First, R software was used to identify d...

Background: A test to narrow down patients who require esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with a high probability of having gastroesophageal varices (GEV) and a high-risk of liver-related events is an unmet need. Methods: The measurement of serum fibro...

The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) include 11 different conditions caused by specific enzyme deficiencies in the degradation pathway of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Although most MPS types present increased levels of GAGs in tissues, including blood and...

A growing number of research papers regarding Spanish-speaking dancers justifies the need for an adapted Spanish version of the Dance Functional Outcome Survey (DFOS). The objective of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate the DFOS fo...

Multiple primary malignant tumors are defined by the development of more than one malignancy in a single patient. These can be subdivided into synchronous or metachronous malignant tumors, depending on their time of appearance, relative to the first...

Background: Intensive and prolonged exercise leads to a rise of troponin concentration in blood. The mechanism responsible for troponin release during exercise remains ill-defined. The study aim was to search for risk factors of troponin increase aft...

At the end of 2019, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a fast-spreading respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was reported in Wuhan, China and has now affected over 123 countries globally [...

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most common gynecological disorders in women of reproductive age that may affect quality of life. It is believed that the underlying cause of PD may be the excessive production of prostaglandins (PG...

Major Depression Disease has been increasing in the last few years, affecting around 7 percent of the world population, but nowadays techniques to diagnose it are outdated and inefficient. Motor activity data in the last decade is presented as a bett...

This work aimed to identify and compare the bacterial patterns present in endometriotic lesions, eutopic endometrium and vaginal fluid from endometriosis patients with those found in the vaginal fluid and eutopic endometrium of control patients. Vagi...

The role of dynamic contrast-enhanced-MRI (DCE-MRI) for Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) scoring is a controversial topic. In this retrospective study, we aimed to measure the added value of DCE-MRI in combination with T2-weighted...

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is caused by the deficiency of α-l-iduronidase, leading to the storage of dermatan and heparan sulfate. There is a broad phenotypical spectrum with the presence or absence of neurological impairment. The cla...

Follicular lymphoma, the second most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), primarily affects adults and shows an indolent clinical course. Rare cases of follicular lymphoma transform to a high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements or “d...

Health economics is a discipline of economics applied to health care. One method used in health economics is decision tree modelling, which extrapolates the cost and effectiveness of competing interventions over time. Such decision tree models are th...

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and might eventually progress to advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recommendations on whether to screen fo...

Ankle/foot pain is a common complaint encountered in clinical practice. Currently, due to the complex anatomy, the diagnosis and management of the underlying musculoskeletal disorders are extremely challenging. Nowadays, high-resolution ultrasound ha...

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of lysosomal storage disorders associated with impaired glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) catabolism. In MPS I, II, III, and VII, heparan sulfate (HS) cannot be degraded because of the lack of sufficient activity of t...

This paper reports a mechanism for corticospinal tract injury in a patient with hemiplegia following traumatic brain injury (TBI) based on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) finding. A 73-year-old male with TBI resulting from a fall, without medical...

Detection of the Janus Kinase-2 (JAK2) V617F mutation is a diagnostic criterion for myeloproliferative neoplasms, and high levels of mutant alleles are associated with worse outcomes. This mutation is usually tested on blood DNA by allele-specific qP...

The recent eighth tumor-node-metastasis (TMN) staging system classifies renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with perirenal fat invasion (PFI), renal sinus fat invasion (SFI), or renal vein invasion (RVI) as stage pT3a. However, limited data are available on w...

Current diagnostic methods of acute kidney injury (AKI) have limited sensitivity and specificity. Tissue injury has been linked to an increase in the concentrations of extracellular DNA (ecDNA) in plasma. A rapid turnover of ecDNA in the circulation...

Background: The AR-V7 splice variant is a cause of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, testing for the presence of AR-V7 by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) shows AR-V7 positivity in healthy individuals. We hypothesized...

Malignancies of extragenital origin very rarely metastasize to the uterine body. Endometrium-limited metastases may pose diagnostic challenges in endometrial curettage specimens as they may be misdiagnosed as primary endometrial tumors. We investigat...

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of death among gynecological cancers. Despite improvements in medical treatments, the prognosis for EOC remains poor, and there is an urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. Immune checkpoint i...

Background: Anatomic and histological landmarks of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) tendon insertion in the proximal nail matrix may be key aspects during surgery exposure in order to avoid permanent nail deformities. Objective: The main purpose w...

This study aims to investigate the ability of ultrasound strain elastography as an adjunct to predict malignancy in soft tissue tumors suspect of sarcoma or metastasis in a tertiary reference center for sarcoma. A total of 137 patients were included...

Thyroid hormones are important factors that regulate metabolism and cell differentiation throughout the human body. A complication of thyroid pathology is represented by an alteration of the bone metabolism which can lead to osteoporosis and fragilit...

Background: The role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) for predicting the recurrence of cancer in lung cancer patients after surgery remains unclear. Methods: A negatively selected protocol of CTC identification was applied. For all the enrolled pati...

Bone turnover markers (BTMs) derived from the secretory activities of osteoblasts and the matrix-degrading activities of osteoclasts are useful in monitoring the progression of osteoporosis and the efficacy of anti-osteoporotic treatment. However, th...

Aim of study: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the association of thyroid dysfunction occurring in pediatric patients treated for brain tumors. Patients and methods: A total of 255 patients with brain tumors were treated between 2001 and 2018...

JAK2 V617F mutational status is an essential diagnostic index in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Although widely used for detection of JAK2 V617F mutation in peripheral blood (PB), sensitive real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) presents some method...

Background: Melatoninergic agents are known to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP). The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of nanomicellar formulations of melatoninergic agents on IOP in the rat. Methods: Tonometry was used to measure I...

Videolaryngoscopes may reduce cervical spine movement during tracheal intubation in patients with neck trauma. This manikin study aimed to compare the performance of disposable non-channeled and channeled blades of the King Vision™ videolaryngo...

Purpose: To describe the correlation between clinically measured hyomental distance ratio (HMDR_clin) and the ultrasound measurement (HMDR_echo) in patients with and without morbid obesity and to compare their diagnostic accuracy for difficult airway p...

Urinary albumin excretion remains the key biomarker to detect renal complications in type 2 diabetes. As diabetes epidemy increases, particularly in low-income countries, efficient and low-cost methods to measure urinary albumin are needed. In this p...

Left atrial structural, functional and electrical remodelling are linked to atrial fibrillation (AF) pathophysiology and mirror the phrase “AF begets AF”. A structurally remodelled left atrium (LA) is fibrotic, dysfunctional and enlarged....

A pathogenic mutation in PSEN1 p.Glu184Gly was discovered in a Thai family with early onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) as the first case in Asia. Proband patient presented memory impairment and anxiety at the age of 41 years. Family history was...

Breast cancer is a disease that has emerged as the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. The annual mortality rate is estimated to continue growing. Cancer detection at an early stage could significantly reduce breast cancer death...

Direct visualization of bile and pancreatic duct pathology is proving to be beneficial in patients where previous techniques have failed. Recent advancements in technology and the development of the SpyGlass system have led to an increased use of cho...

Thermal coagulation of abnormal tissues has evolved as a therapeutic technique for different diseases including cancer. Tissue heating beyond 55 °C causes coagulation that leads to cell death. Noninvasive diagnosis of thermally coagulated tissues...

Endometriosis, an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease characterized by the ectopic presence of endometrial tissue, has been the topic of renewed research and debate in recent years. The paradigm shift from the belief that endometriosis only affec...

The most common histological type of thyroid cancer is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Radical resection of the thyroid gland is currently the recommended method of treatment. Almost 75% of thyroidectomies performed just for diagnostic purposes ar...

This research is concerned with malignant pulmonary nodule detection (PND) in low-dose CT scans. Due to its crucial role in the early diagnosis of lung cancer, PND has considerable potential in improving the survival rate of patients. We propose a tw...

Rapid assessment of burn depth is important for burn wound management. Superficial partial-thickness burn (SPTB) wounds heal without scars, but deep partial-thickness burn (DPTB) wounds require a longer healing time and have a higher risk of scar for...

The oxidant/antioxidant balance has been implicated in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer. We investigated oxidative damage and antioxidant status in high-risk prostate cancer subjects. Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in erythrocyt...