Atmosphere, Volume 16, Issue 9

In this work, we tested the performance of automated atmospheric PM_2.5 monitoring instruments and contrasted the data from automated measurements with those from filter-based reference measurements. The tested instruments include four brands of beta...

A quantitative study on the spatial structure and spatiotemporal variation characteristics of net carbon sinks in regional farmland ecosystems is of significant importance for uncovering the multifunctional roles of farmland ecosystems and formulatin...

Climate change has intensified extreme hydrological events in cold regions, threatening the stability of river ecosystems. The traditional monthly frequency method for calculating ecological flow assumes equal guarantee rates across all months, overl...

Gas-phase chemistry has been identified as a major computational bottleneck in both the forward and adjoint modes of chemical transport models (CTMs). Although previous studies have demonstrated the potential of deep learning models to simulate and a...

Indoor air quality management has become increasingly critical for public health, particularly after the global COVID-19 respiratory disease outbreaks that highlighted airborne pathogen transmission risks. This review investigates an advanced air and...

Background: The emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere is a global issue as it contributes to global warming and climate-related issues. Human activities like the burning of fossil fuel influence changes in weather patterns—resulting in...

In the paper we consider the pulsed disturbances caused in the ionosphere by an extreme G5-level geomagnetic superstorm on 10 May 2024, and by the X1.0 and M-class solar flares on 8 May 2024, which preceded the storm. Particular attention is paid to...

Cloud detection is an indispensable step in satellite remote sensing of cloud properties and objects under the influence of cloud occlusion. Nevertheless, interfering targets such as snow and haze pollution are easily misjudged as clouds for most of...

Beryllium-7 (⁷Be) is widely used as an atmospheric radiotracer due to its short half-life and ease of detection. Its evaluation and forecasting provide valuable insights into atmospheric behavior and environmental processes. This study aimed to devel...

Indoor and outdoor air quality in school environments varies significantly with respect to particulate matter (PM) concentrations, carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels, and microclimatic conditions, all of which have a direct impact on the health, well-being,...

In response to escalating climate change and ecological degradation, nature-based solutions (NBSs) have emerged as a critical paradigm for sustainable environmental governance. Simultaneously, artificial intelligence (AI) offers powerful capabilities...

Identifying the sources of atmospheric pollutants is essential for effective air quality management. This study assesses the diagnostic value of SO₂/NO₂ and CO/NO₂ ratios in distinguishing between major emission sources, including vehicular traffic,...

This study examined the temporal changes and dispersion of potential sources of the six criteria air pollutants, namely, particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 and 10 μm (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur di...

Dew is an important water source for vegetation growth in arid regions and plays a significant role in maintaining ecosystem balance. The characteristics of dew formation vary under different topographic conditions. In response to the challenges pose...

Severe Typhoon Danas over the northern part of the South China Sea and seas near Taiwan in early July 2025 had an erratic path that had not been observed before, according to historical data in the region. Its formation, movement, and intensification...

The persistent issue of odor nuisance poses significant challenges to the sustainable development of livestock farming. While previous studies have primarily focused on individual gas concentrations, a comprehensive understanding of overall odor impa...

Accurate prediction of the air quality index (AQI) is essential for environmental monitoring and sustainable urban planning. With rising pollution from industrialization and urbanization, particularly from fine particulate matter (PM_2.5, PM₁₀), nitro...

Due to climate warming, extreme precipitation events have intensified in frequency and intensity. This trend has raised significant concerns about its impact on natural reserves in eastern China’s monsoon region. A risk assessment is, therefore...

Knowledge of dry–wet variations in arid Central Asia (ACA) during the mid-Pliocene warm period (mPWP; ~3.3–3.0 Ma) is instructive to understanding the future variations in this fragile ecosystem region. However, the dry–wet variatio...

Climate change has intensified the frequency and severity of heatwaves globally, posing significant public health risks, particularly in Mediterranean countries such as Greece, where rising temperatures coincide with vulnerable aging populations. Thi...

Over the past two decades, agricultural nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions have increased significantly, further intensifying their impact on global warming. Accurate emission estimates are essential for developing effective N₂O-mitigation strategies. How...

We perform large-eddy simulations (LESs) with realistic radiation, including topographic shading, and an advanced land surface model to investigate drainage flow dynamics in an idealized compound-slope mountain geometry. This allows an analysis not o...

With the acceleration of climate change and urbanisation, Chinese cities are facing increasingly severe flood risks. To address this challenge, China began implementing its sponge city policy in 2013, leveraging low-impact development, green infrastr...

This study analyzed the radiation dose rate in air, water and soil following a simulated Large Break LOCA (LBLOCA) accident in a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) nuclear power plant with a point-source release of radionuclides into the atmosphere. AER...

This study presents a semi-quantitative characterization of volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations and their emission sources in indoor and outdoor environments across four residential and laboratory sites in Milan, Italy, during the summer o...

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most consequential mode of interannual climate variability on the planet, yet its prediction has become complex due to the inability of classical paradigms to explain the observed co-evoluti...

Mineral dust plays a vital role in the Earth’s climate system, influencing radiation, cloud formation, biogeochemical cycles, and air quality. Accurately simulating dust transport in atmospheric models remains challenging, particularly for coar...

This paper presents findings based on eighty (80) lightning-caused wildfires that occurred on Mount Mainalo, in central Peloponnese, Greece, from May 1998 to November 2022. The frequency of lightning-caused wildfires was found to increase in July and...

Air pollution represents a critical environmental challenge in stressed riverine cities, particularly in regions experiencing rapid urbanization and inadequate emission management infrastructure. This study investigates the spatio-temporal dynamics o...

Although the impact of spatial resolution on river flow simulation has been examined in several studies, unresolved uncertainties remain regarding parameter sensitivity and the applicability of different routing models. This study investigated the re...

Air and seawater samples were collected in 2022–2023 and analyzed through a common DNA extraction, purification, and Next-Generation Sequencing protocol. The study targeted bacteria, archaea, fungi, and plant-associated taxa to compare communit...

The recently developed localized particle filter (LPF) is extended to a fully coupled general circulation model (CGCM), specifically the Community Earth System Model (CESM), to assess its efficacy in assimilating multisource ocean observations, inclu...

While humanity stands at a critical point—one future leading toward sustainability, equity, and resilience, the other toward escalating conflicts, ecological collapse, and irreversible loss—climate change emerges as one of the most urgent...

This study analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of pollutants and the influence of meteorological factors using data from 13 cities in Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2022. The results showed that, from 2014 to 2022, the avera...

Accurate drought assessment is crucial for effective regional water resource management. While reanalysis and remote sensing products enable high-resolution drought assessment, their regional application requires rigorous local validation. This study...

Carbonaceous aerosols represent a significant component of atmospheric aerosol, with implications for climate and human health. The recent EU Directive 2024/2881 highlights the need to monitor emerging pollutants like black carbon more effectively. T...

We report the exceptional observations of amplified eastward subauroral polarization streams (SAPS) made by the F15 spacecraft at ~840 km altitude near magnetic midnight during 2015–2016 in 17 events. The results show the dawn-cell-associated a...

This study focuses on the influence of different brake pad formulations on the emission of particulate matter coming from car braking systems. The brake particles were characterised using a pin-on-disc bench and some particle measuring devices such a...

The accurate prediction of atmospheric low-visibility events due to fog, haze or atmospheric pollution is an extremely important problem, with major consequences for transportation systems, and with alternative applications in agriculture, forest eco...

This study characterized the aerosol changes during the April 2023 Hongseong wildfire in Chungcheongnam-do, Korea, using physical, optical, and chemical data from the Anmyeon-do Global Atmosphere Watch station. The observation period was divided into...

Accurate sub-seasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) forecasts are critical for mitigating extreme weather impacts and supporting development in West Africa. This study evaluates real-time ECMWF S2S rainfall forecasts during the 2020–2021 West African monso...

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is inherently asymmetric, a primary characteristic where its warm phase (El Niño) and cold phase (La Niña) differ in amplitude, spatial pattern, and temporal evolution. This review sy...

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of synthetic organic compounds with extremely high chemical stability and environmental persistence that are widely used in the industrial sector and in consumer goods. Their strong C-...

Fungal spore calendars help illustrate the abundance and distribution of spores throughout the year, enabling clinicians and patients to predict and treat allergic symptoms based on spore presence and concentration. This three-year study (2021–...

Accurate modelling of near surface wind speeds is essential for robust resource assessment, turbine design, and grid integration. This study presents a unified framework comparing four candidate marginal distributions—Weibull, Gamma, Lognormal,...

This study investigates the atmospheric formation and sinks of HONO and HNO₃ and their contribution to secondary PM_2.5 formation in Daejeon (urban) and Iksan (suburban), South Korea. Continuous observations revealed distinct concentration patterns: I...

Achieving synergistic effects in pollution reduction and carbon mitigation is of great significance for promoting the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. This study focuses on the textile industry in a specific city...

Remote sensing image dehazing presents substantial challenges in balancing physical fidelity with generative flexibility, particularly under complex atmospheric conditions and sensor-specific degradation patterns. Traditional physics-based methods of...

This paper conducts a technical study on a method for determining the occurrence threshold of wind shear based on historical sounding data. After analyzing the impact of low-altitude wind shear on aircraft flight safety, a method for determining the...

Urban green hearts provide essential ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration, water purification, and hydrological regulation. The Green Heart Area of the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Agglomeration in Hunan Province, China, is the largest globally,...