Agronomy, Volume 9, Issue 2

Summer maize (Zea mays L.) is a widely cultivated crop in the arid and semi-arid Guanzhong region of China. However, due to the spatial and temporal variation in rainfall, the seasonal maize yield varies substantially and occasionally is not economic...

In areas characterized by mild winter climate, pepper is frequently cultivated in unheated greenhouses in which the temperature during the winter may drop to suboptimal levels. Under low temperature (LT) conditions, the uptake of nutrients may be alt...

Irrigation efficiency is facilitated by matching irrigation rates to crop water demand based on estimates of actual evapotranspiration (ET). In production settings, monitoring of water demand is typically accomplished by measuring reference ET rather...

The application of cytokinins is a good tool to promote axillary buds in many species, but plant decapitation or leaf cut-back are also suitable methods. This research aims to establish a strategy for artichoke cutting production using a combination...

The use of biostimulants with plant growth-promoting properties, but without significant input of nutrients, is discussed as a strategy to increase stress resistance and nutrient use efficiency of crops. However, limited reproducibility under real pr...

Accurate estimation of the nitrogen (N) spatial distribution of rice (Oryza sativa L.) is imperative when it is sought to maintain regional and global carbon balances. We systematically evaluated the normalized differences of the soil and plant analy...

Crop load management is growing increasingly important as a factor related to biennial tendencies, post-harvest disorders, and inconsistent fruit quality in apples like “Honeycrisp”. Washington State University released a new apple cultiv...

Here we describe the livestock performance and baseline productivity over a two-year period, following the establishment of the infrastructure on the North Wyke Farm Platform across its three farmlets (small farms). Lowland permanent pastures were co...

Grasslands are subject to a wide range of land management practices that influence the exchange of the three main agricultural greenhouse gases (GHGs) that are related to agriculture: carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and methane (CH₄). Impr...

Harrowing is one of the most popular mechanical methods to control weeds. Nevertheless, the relationship between the effect of different harrowing intensities using spike-tooth harrow in barley-pea intercrop on the yield and mycoflora of grains has n...

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component in the water budget and used extensively in water resources management such as water planning and irrigation scheduling. In semi-arid regions, irrigation is used to supplement limited and erratic grow...

Understanding the effects of irrigation regime and soil texture on potassium-use efficiency (KUE) of rice (Oryza sativa. L) is essential for improving rice productivity. In this regard, experiments were conducted from July to October in 2016 and 2017...

Genomic Selection (GS) is a method in plant breeding to predict the genetic value of untested lines based on genome-wide marker data. The method has been widely explored with simulated data and also in real plant breeding programs. However, the optim...

Frost research to improve genetics or management solutions requires a robust experimental design that minimizes the effects of all other variables that can cause plant damage except for the treatment (frost). Controlled environment facilities cannot...

Vermicompost is an organic waste produced from earthworms that can enhance the soil condition and is rich with essential plant nutrients, thus increasing produce quality and shelf life. In this study, a one-year field trial was conducted to elucidate...

The domestic biogas market has been developing rapidly, and legislation (The Act) supporting the use of renewable energy sources has come into force. In light of this act and investment support from national programs co-financed by the European Union...

Two of the major pathways involved in induced defense of plants against pathogens include the salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated pathways that act mainly against biotrophs and necrotrophs, respectively. However, some necrotrophic pa...

Currently, modern agriculture aims to improve the quantity and quality of crop yield, while minimizing the negative impact of treatments on the natural environment. One of the methods to increase plant yield and quality, especially after the occurren...

The numerical crop growth model Italian Vineyard Integrated Numerical model for Estimating physiological values (IVINE) was developed in order to evaluate environmental forcing effects on vine growth. The IVINE model simulates vine growth processes w...

BCS (Body Condition Score) is a method to estimate body fat reserves and accumulated energy balance of cows, placing estimations (or BCS values) in a scale of 1 to 5. Periodically rating BCS of dairy cows is very important since BCS values are associ...

It has long been a great concern in deep learning that we lack massive data for high-precision training sets, especially in the agriculture field. Plants in images captured in greenhouses, from a distance or up close, not only have various morphologi...

Fusarium root rot and stalk rot are becoming a threat to maize production worldwide. However, there is still limited information about the aggressiveness of Fusarium subglutinans Edwards and Fusarium temperatum and their relationship with fumonisin p...

Garlic (Allium Sativum L.) is a vegetable with known medicinal value. It is not only rich in nutrients, but also has the ability to combat different microbial infections. This is, however, the first study to investigate the effect of soil incorporati...

The estimation of the ripening state in orchards helps improve post-harvest processes. Picking fruits based on their stage of maturity can reduce the cost of storage and increase market outcomes. Moreover, aerial images and the estimated ripeness can...

The integration of Agroecological Service Crops (ASCs) into agroecosystems can provide several ecological services, such as nutrient cycling and disease and weed management. A two-year experiment on an organic orchard was carried out to compare barle...

Land reclamation influences the soil carbon and nitrogen cycling, but its scale and time effects on the balance of soil carbon and nitrogen are still uncertain. Taking the Tarim Basin as the study area, the impact of land reclamation on the soil orga...

Agriculture faces the challenge of feeding a growing population with limited or depleting fresh water resources. Advances in irrigation systems and technologies allow site-specific application of irrigation water within the field to improve water use...

In this article, we review the literature regarding the yield gap between organic and conventional agriculture and then reflect on the corresponding debate on whether or not organic farming can feed the world. We analyze the current framework and hig...

With the advancement of technology, the traditional e-learning model may expand the realm of knowledge and differentiate learning by means of deep learning (DL) and augmented reality (AR) scenarios. These scenarios make use of interactive interfaces...

In an agricultural drought risk system, crop drought loss sensitivity evaluation is a fundamental link for quantitative agricultural drought loss risk assessment. Summer maize growth processes under various drought patterns were simulated using the C...

Drought is one of the major factors limiting rice yield worldwide. A total of 46 hybrid rice varieties were chosen to investigate their root distribution and their response to drought. A field experiment was carried out in a dry shed building to eval...

Precision horticulture is fundamental to ensure high quality production with a minimal environmental footprint. It offers the possibility to manage climatic and fertilization inputs closer to the plant needs. In practice, there is a tendency to over-...

Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major factor limiting rice yield throughout the world. Fortunately, some rice accessions are tolerant and can thrive well, even in soils with low P content. The ability to uptake P is heritable, and thus can be incorpor...

New genotypes of winter oilseed rape bred under the Czech breeding program were subjected to performance tests within the framework of inter-institutional pre-tests. At four monitored localities in the Czech Republic, field trials were carried out on...

A soybean germplasm collection was studied for the identification of accessions with low trypsin inhibitor content in seeds. Twenty-nine accessions, parental plants, and two hybrid populations were selected and analyzed using genetic markers for alle...

The use of biofertilizers is important for sustainable agriculture, and the use of nodule bacteria and endophytic actinomycetes is an attractive way to enhance plant growth and yield. This study tested the effects of a biofertilizer produced from Bra...

Plant-derived protein biostimulants exhibit hormone-like activities promoting plant growth and yield, yet detailed investigations on hormonal function have remained limited. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of vegetal-derived-biost...

Eragrostis tef (teff) is a (sub-)tropical cereal crop and a staple food in Eastern Africa. As soil erosion has become increasingly worse in the Ethiopian highlands, we test the hypotheses that (1) eroded soils possess low arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi...

Pakistan’s economy is largely driven by agriculture, and wheat, mostly, stands out as its second most produced crop every year. On the other hand, the average consumption of wheat is steadily increasing as well, due to which its exports are not...

Over years of intensive cultivation and imbalanced fertilizer use, the soils of the Indian subcontinent have become deficient in several nutrients and are impoverished in organic matter. Recently, this region has started emphasizing a shift from inor...

Nitrogen (N) fertiliser is applied to perennial horticultural crops to increase yields, but subsequent N losses in subtropical plantations may be high due to intense rainfall and warmer temperatures. While legume cover crops could potentially contrib...

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for crop production, while most soil P is the less labile P associated with Aluminum (Al) and Iron (Fe) in acidic soils of Japan. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of two contrasting P-e...

Kura clover living mulch (KCLM) systems have the potential to provide ecosystem services in intensively managed cropping systems while supplying soil mineral nitrogen (N) to the growing cash crop. Living mulch management relies on strong spring suppr...

(1) Background: Degradation of soils and erosion have been described for most of the soils presented along the Maule Valley. Organic and integrated management promotes agroecosystem health, improving soil biological activity. Due to this, the aim of...

Increasing the yield of perennial forage crops remains a crucial factor underpinning the profitability of grazing industries, and therefore is a priority for breeding programs. Breeding for high dry matter yield (DMY) in forage crops is likely to be...

This study assessed the genetic distance (GD) between parental genotypes using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) DNA markers and evaluated the correlation between GD and heterosis in common wheat. We examined the performance of parents and hybrids...

The Sakon Nakhon (SKN) rice cultivar is non-photosensitive, rich in aroma, and an excellent choice for cooking quality; which adapts well to both upland and lowland conditions. Furthermore, it has been adopted by Thailand’s sugarcane growers, a...

Maize (Zea mays) is a major cereal crop worldwide, and there is increasing demand for maize cultivars with enhanced tolerance to desiccation. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins group 5C is involved in plants’ responses to various osmoti...

Three super-sweet corn hybrids (Zea mays L. convar. saccharata) with different ripening characteristics were grown in three water supplies (regularly irrigated, deficit-irrigated, and unirrigated) to examine the spectral reflectance at leaf and canop...

Wucai is a biannual leafy vegetable that is more sensitive to cold than most Brassicaceae vegetables. Here, phenotypic differences in wucai were investigated to identify those genotypes with high cold tolerance at low temperature, which could allow t...