Energies, Volume 14, Issue 7

Wellbore instability is one of the most serious issues faced in the drilling process. During drilling operations, the cyclic loads applied on the fractured formation progressively modify the initial parameters (i.e., length and width) of the fracture...

The article is dedicated to the methodology of designing component-in-the-loop (CiL) testing systems for automotive powertrains featuring several drivelines, including variants with individually driven axles or wheels. The methodical part begins with...

There are some environmental factors, such as ambient temperature, dust, etc., which cause a reduction in the efficiency of Photovoltaic (PV) systems. Installation of PV panels on the water surface, commonly known as Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) syste...

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in the need for increased surface disinfection. For this purpose, biocides, UV-C radiation, or ozonation can be used. The most commonly used are biocides that can be deposited on the surface with the use of variou...

Alternating current (AC) microgrids are the next step in the evolution of the electricity distribution systems. They can operate in a grid-tied or island mode. Depending on the services they are designed to offer, their grid-tied or island modes coul...

There is growing interest in multi-purpose offshore floating platforms that: harvest energy from the sun, wind, water, and waves; desalinize water; host agriculture and aquaculture; and house residents. While there are some basic commonalities with w...

Since 2014, Taiwan has promoted a 1% annual electricity saving target to promote electrical efficiency efforts. As the industrial sector accounts for approximately 60% of the overall electricity consumption of Taiwan, this sector presents the greates...

Near-wall microenvironment of a building refers to parameters such as wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation near the building’s façade, etc. The distribution of these parameters on the building façade shows a certain variation b...

Development of underground coal mines is reflected in increasing lengths of transport routes between shafts and workplaces. This is not an issue in terms of transportation of materials or groups of people, because suspended railways are efficient, sa...

Digital and intelligent buildings are critical to realizing efficient building energy operations and a smart grid. With the increasing digitalization of processes throughout the life cycle of buildings, data exchanged between stakeholders and between...

The 2030 Agenda with 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is a challenge for all countries in the world. Their implementation may turn out to be a compromise or the creation of effective interactions that dynamize sustainable development. To achie...

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of households’ energy autonomy on a country’s energy independence level, to identify prospects and risks. To assess the economic efficiency of households’ energy autonomy, the study used a modeling...

In this article, a novelty control structure of grid-connected doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based on a function link (FL)-based Wilcoxon radial basis function network (FLWRBFN) controller is proposed. The back-propagation (BP) method is used...

Power systems face failures, attacks and natural disasters on a daily basis, making robustness and resilience an important topic. In an electrical network, robustness is a network’s ability to withstand and fully operate under the effects of failures...

Environment management is one of the key aspects of hydropower development in acquiring sustainable energy. However, there has been limited research demonstrating the overall aspects of environment management of hydropower development with support of...

In recent years, policymakers of urban agglomerations in various regions of the world have been striving to reduce environmental pollution from harmful exhaust and noise emissions. Restrictions on conventional vehicles entering the inner city are bei...

This article proposes a novel framework to develop computationally efficient energy consumption models of electric and internal combustion engine vehicles. The number of calculations in a conventional energy consumption model prevents the model’s usa...

A model predictive control (MPC) system with an adaptive building model based on thermal-electrical analogy for the hybrid air conditioning system using the radiant floor and all-air system for heating is proposed in this paper to solve the heating s...

Studies on the determinants of low-carbon innovations in developed countries already exist. We test here the institutional environment in Poland (science–government–enterprise) as supporters of the technological change in industry towards a low-carbo...

Carbon included in coke and coal was used as a reduction agent and fuel in blast furnace (BF) ironmaking processes, which released large quantities of carbon dioxide (CO₂). Minimizing the carbon consumption and CO₂ output has always the goal of ironm...

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected all areas of socio-economic life around the world. Its impact concerns not only the health system and the health of the population, but also the economy. Tourism is one of the sectors hardest hit by the restrictions...

Unlocking oil from tight reservoirs remains a challenging task, as the existence of fractures and oil-wet rock surfaces tends to make the recovery uneconomic. Injecting a gas in the form of a foam is considered a feasible technique in such reservoirs...

In modern power systems, since most loads are inductive by nature, there is an ongoing power quality issue and researchers’ interest in improving the power factor is widespread, as inductive loads have a low power factor that depletes the system’s ca...

In recent years, the steel-truss natural draft dry cooling technique has received attention owing to its advantages in better aseismic capability, shorter construction period, and preferable recycling. For cooling towers generating the draft force of...

In this study, the combustion characteristics and emission of toxic gases of a non-class 1E cable in a nuclear power plant were investigated with respect to the aging period. A thermal accelerated aging method was applied using the Arrhenius equation...

The article deals with the decision problems of estimating the energy expenditure of low-emission fleets in urban service companies due to environmental safety. One of the most important problems of today’s transport policy of many city authorities i...

This study explored the suitability of simulation tools for accurately predicting fluidized bed gasification in various scenarios without disturbing the operational system, and dedicating time to experimentation, in the aim of benefiting the decision...

Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are invariably employed to utilize solar photovoltaic (PV) systems effectively. Perturbation based MPPT algorithms are popular due to their simplicity and reasonable efficiency. While novel MPPT algorith...

Hybrid organic inorganic perovskites have been considered as a potential candidate for the next generational solar cell due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties and rapid development in recent years. However, the biggest challenge to preven...

The paper is focused on numerical modeling of multi-strand cable lines placed in free air. Modeling is carried out within the framework of the so-called multi-physics approach using commercial software. The paper describes in detail the steps underta...

This paper presents an improved mathematical model for calculating the solar test factor (STF) and solar reliability factor (SRF) of a photovoltaic (PV) automated equipment. By employing a unified metrics system and a combined testing suite encompass...

A diesel engine is a typical dynamic system. In this paper, a dynamics method is proposed to establish the Hamiltonian model of the diesel engine, which solves the main difficulty of constructing a Hamiltonian function under the multi-field coupling...

An electric multiple unit (EMU) high-speed train is the dynamic load that degrades the power quality in an electric railway system. Therefore, a power quality improvement system using an active power filter (APF) must be considered. Due to the oscill...

In this paper, the optimization and characteristics analysis of a three-phase 12/8 switched reluctance motor (SRM) based on a Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) for electric vehicles (EVs) application is presented. This research aims to enhance the output tor...

This paper presents application of a resonant power frequency converter for high-voltage (HV) and partial discharge (PD) test of a voltage transformer. The rating voltage, power, and frequency of the system are 70 kV_rms, 40 kVA, and 200 Hz, respectiv...

In this paper, the design and performance analysis of a high-efficiency permanent-magnet synchronous wave generator (PSWG) are presented. A systematic approach for the design of the outer rotor was proposed as a prototype model. The magnetic field, m...

The digitalization of a medium voltage network requires huge efforts from distributed system operators and electric utilities. The main reason is attributed to the costs associated with the replacement or introduction of new intelligent electronic de...

The European Union Green Deal aims at curbing greenhouse gas emissions and introducing clean energy production. But to achieve energy efficiency, the opportunity cost of different energies must be assessed. In this article, two different energy self-...

Today’s offshore wind turbine support structures market is largely dominated by steel structures, since steel monopiles account for the vast majority of installations in the last decade and new types of multi-leg steel structures have been developed...

In recent years, solar price drops and regulations have helped residential users to invest in grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) facilities. In Spain, a novel law promotes self-consumption by discounting electricity fed into the grid from the utility b...

Electricity supply in nonelectrified areas can be covered by distributed renewable energy systems. The main disadvantage of these systems is the intermittent and often unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources. Moreover, the temporal distribut...

This paper deals with a discrete-time stochastic control model design for random failure prone and maintenance in a single machine infinite bus (SMIB) system. This model includes the practical values of failure/repair rate of transmission lines and t...

The current Danish regulatory framework BEK 999/2016 for hourly net settled new PV facilities is analysed in detail, evaluating the technical and economic differences between the several envisioned schemes. In addition to the saved cost of the self-c...

The increasing penetration of the power grid with renewable distributed generation causes significant voltage fluctuations. Providing reactive power helps balancing the voltage in the grid. This paper proposes a novel adaptive volt-var control algori...

Distribution transformer (DT) is a crucial component in power systems as it exchanges energies between different voltage levels or between utility grid and DC microgrids. Nevertheless, the operation of an oil-immersed DT is limited by the thermal and...

Strategic and tactical factors come into play in shop competitiveness where, in addition to the products sold, other marketing mix variables must also be considered. There are also subjective factors, such as perceptions through the senses. This beca...

Direct Current (DC) grids are considered an attractive option for integrating high shares of renewable energy sources in the electrical distribution grid. Hence, in the future, Alternating Current (AC) and DC systems could be interconnected to form h...

This paper focuses on the application using a solar-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to inspect mountain sites for the purpose of safety and rescue. An inspection path planning problem is formulated, which looks for the path for an UAV to visit...

The combustion characteristics of laminar biogas premixed and diffusion flames in the presence of upward decreasing magnetic fields have been investigated in this study. The mechanism of magnet–flame interaction in the literature, in which magnetic f...

This study comprehensively analyzed the heat loss and total heat transfer coefficient (U-value) of a single-span experimental plastic greenhouse covered with a double layer of 0.1 mm thick polyethylene. The air temperature and heat flux (W m⁻²) of th...