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Energies, Volume 14, Issue 18

September-2 2021 - 415 articles

Cover Story: Direct current (DC) microgrids (MGs) can efficiently incorporate DC renewable energy sources (RES) such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, batteries and DC loads. The most effective interface between the main medium voltage alternating current (MVAC) grid and the DC MG is the solid-state transformer (SST), which provides lines for medium-voltage direct current (MVDC), low-voltage direct current (LVDC), and low-voltage alternating current (LVAC) systems. The topology of the DC MG may vary from simple single-bus or radial, up to interconnected, according to the application. Some of the most popular applications of DC MGs include traction systems, ships, electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and data centers, yet a sufficient regulatory framework needs to be developed for their wider adoption. View this paper
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Articles (415)

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,751 Views
22 Pages

21 September 2021

Future renewable energy communities will reshape the paradigm in which we design and control efficient power systems at the district level. In this manner, the focus will be fundamentally shifted towards sustainable related concepts such as self-cons...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
5,358 Views
27 Pages

Criteria, Indicators, and Factors of the Sustainable Energy-Saving Economic Development: The Case of Natural Gas Consumption

  • Olexandr Yemelyanov,
  • Anastasiya Symak,
  • Tetyana Petrushka,
  • Olena Vovk,
  • Oksana Ivanytska,
  • Dmytro Symak,
  • Anatolii Havryliak,
  • Taras Danylovych and
  • Lilia Lesyk

21 September 2021

To solve the contradiction between achieving long-term economic growth and reducing the consumption of certain types of resources, the concept of sustainable resource saving economic development must be put into practice. The purpose of this research...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,819 Views
19 Pages

21 September 2021

This work proposes a data-driven methodology for identifying critical components in Complex Technical Infrastructures (CTIs), for which the functional logic and/or the system structure functions are not known due the CTI’s complexity and evolving nat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,221 Views
19 Pages

Energy Consumption Model of Aerial Urban Logistic Infrastructures

  • Giuseppe Aiello,
  • Rosalinda Inguanta,
  • Giusj D’Angelo and
  • Mario Venticinque

21 September 2021

In the last decade, logistic systems based on small aerial vehicles (drones) have become attractive for urban delivery operations as a sustainable alternative to ground vehicles because they are not affected by the congestion of the road network, thu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,809 Views
28 Pages

21 September 2021

This paper presents results of a study that focuses on developing a genetic algorithm (GA) for multi-criteria optimization of orthotropic, energy-efficient cementitious composite sandwich panels (CSP). The current design concept of all commercially p...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
7,524 Views
21 Pages

Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl)—Ammonia (NH3): Sorption Characteristics for Heat Pump Applications

  • George H. Atkinson,
  • Samuel Hinmers,
  • Robert E. Critoph and
  • Michel van der Pal

21 September 2021

In a resorption heat pump, the adsorption and desorption reaction of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) with ammonia (NH3) is of interest as a Low Temperature Salt (LTS). Reviewing previously published NH4Cl-NH3 equilibrium lines, ammonium chloride appears to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
17 Citations
5,151 Views
20 Pages

21 September 2021

This study evaluates the performance of an R744/R404A cascade refrigeration system (CRS) with internal heat exchangers (IHE) in supermarkets. R744 is used as the refrigerant in a low-temperature cycle, and R404A is used as the refrigerant in a high-t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,148 Views
24 Pages

21 September 2021

Solar energy is an economic and clean power source subject to natural variability, while energy storage might attenuate it, ultimately, effective and operationally feasible forecasting techniques for energy management are needed for better grid integ...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
5,039 Views
13 Pages

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO from Thermal Decomposition of Precipitated Zinc Oxalate Dihydrate as an Anode Material of Li-Ion Batteries

  • Cornelius Satria Yudha,
  • Anjas Prasetya Hutama,
  • Mintarsih Rahmawati,
  • Hendri Widiyandari,
  • Hartoto Nursukatmo,
  • Hanida Nilasary,
  • Haryo Satriya Oktaviano and
  • Agus Purwanto

21 September 2021

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising materials applied in Li-ion batteries. In this research, ZnO was synthesized by the thermal decomposition of zinc oxalate dihydrate. This precursor was obtained from the precipitation process of zinc sulf...

  • Review
  • Open Access
32 Citations
10,601 Views
23 Pages

Evaporative Cooling Integrated with Solid Desiccant Systems: A Review

  • Lanbo Lai,
  • Xiaolin Wang,
  • Gholamreza Kefayati and
  • Eric Hu

21 September 2021

Evaporative cooling technology (ECT) has been deemed as an alternative to the conventional vapor-compression air conditioning system for dry climates in recent years due to its simple structure and low operating cost. Generally speaking, the ECT incl...

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Energies - ISSN 1996-1073