Energies, Volume 14, Issue 18

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most promising materials applied in Li-ion batteries. In this research, ZnO was synthesized by the thermal decomposition of zinc oxalate dihydrate. This precursor was obtained from the precipitation process of zinc sulf...

Evaporative cooling technology (ECT) has been deemed as an alternative to the conventional vapor-compression air conditioning system for dry climates in recent years due to its simple structure and low operating cost. Generally speaking, the ECT incl...

In recent decades, various types of control techniques have been proposed for use in power systems. Among them, the use of a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller is widely recognized as an effective technique. The generalized type of thi...

This paper analyses possibilities of refurbishment of Warsaw’s residential buildings towards standards of the Positive Energy District. The annual final energy consumption in the city in 2019 for the district heating was 8668 GWh, gas (pipelines) was...

Sugar alcohols have interesting thermodynamic properties that make them good options as heat storage materials (HSMs) to be used in solar cookers. Among sugar alcohols, xylitol is affected by severe supercooling that can significantly alter its usefu...

For climate change mitigation, a rapid phase-out of fossil fuels such as coal is necessary. This has far-reaching gender-specific consequences. This paper presents a systematic map of the literature that examines the impact of historical coal phase-o...

In order to ensure continuous energy supply, Distribution System Operators (DSOs) have to monitor and analyze the condition of the power grid, especially checking for random events, such as breakdowns or other disturbances. Still, relatively little i...

The whole energy system requires renewables that scale and produce reliable, valuable energy at an acceptable cost. The key to increasing the deployment of ocean energy is bringing down development and operating costs. This paper proposes a structure...

Sustainability is increasingly a priority in the policies of the European Union, especially in the Common Agricultural Policy. This paper focuses on Sustainable Development Goals, the European Green Deal, and the Farm to Fork Strategy in an attempt t...

This review provides an overview of new strategies to address the current challenges of automotive battery systems: Intelligent Battery Systems. They have the potential to make battery systems more performant and future-proof for coming generations o...

Modern refrigerators are equipped with fan-supplied evaporators often tailor-made to mitigate the impacts of frost accretion, not only in terms of frost blocking, which depletes the cooling capacity and therefore the refrigerator coefficient of perfo...

The paper concerns the estimation of the state of a power system in which there is a phase shifter called a quadrature booster. The aim of the paper is a comparative analysis of two different cases including the quadrature booster in the state estima...

Sustainable development is now an important direction for the further development of all economies in the world. It is important to balance economic development with the impact on the environment and our planet. Another direction in the development o...

This paper presents microgrid-distributed energy resources (DERs) for a rural standalone system. It is made up of a solar photovoltaic (solar PV) system, battery energy storage system (BESS), and a wind turbine coupled to a permanent magnet synchrono...

Furanic biofuels have received increasing research interest over recent years, due to their potential in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the production of harmful pollutants. Nevertheless, the heterocyclic structure in furans make th...

The flyback converters are widely used in low power applications. The switch typically requires 600 V breakdown voltage in order to perform large step-down voltage. Thus, slight variation on the switch control can either permanently damage the switch...

Future renewable energy communities will reshape the paradigm in which we design and control efficient power systems at the district level. In this manner, the focus will be fundamentally shifted towards sustainable related concepts such as self-cons...

To solve the contradiction between achieving long-term economic growth and reducing the consumption of certain types of resources, the concept of sustainable resource saving economic development must be put into practice. The purpose of this research...

This work proposes a data-driven methodology for identifying critical components in Complex Technical Infrastructures (CTIs), for which the functional logic and/or the system structure functions are not known due the CTI’s complexity and evolving nat...

In the last decade, logistic systems based on small aerial vehicles (drones) have become attractive for urban delivery operations as a sustainable alternative to ground vehicles because they are not affected by the congestion of the road network, thu...

This paper presents results of a study that focuses on developing a genetic algorithm (GA) for multi-criteria optimization of orthotropic, energy-efficient cementitious composite sandwich panels (CSP). The current design concept of all commercially p...

In a resorption heat pump, the adsorption and desorption reaction of ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) with ammonia (NH₃) is of interest as a Low Temperature Salt (LTS). Reviewing previously published NH₄Cl-NH₃ equilibrium lines, ammonium chloride appears to...

This study evaluates the performance of an R744/R404A cascade refrigeration system (CRS) with internal heat exchangers (IHE) in supermarkets. R744 is used as the refrigerant in a low-temperature cycle, and R404A is used as the refrigerant in a high-t...

In this study, several experimental investigations on the effects of nanofluids on the convective heat transfer coefficient in laminar and turbulent conditions were analyzed. The aim of this work is to provide an overview of the thermal performance a...

Solar energy is an economic and clean power source subject to natural variability, while energy storage might attenuate it, ultimately, effective and operationally feasible forecasting techniques for energy management are needed for better grid integ...

The physicochemical and electrochemical performance of electrolytes prepared with different grades of V₂O₅ raw materials were investigated systematically for a vanadium redox flow battery. Physicochemical tests showed that the conductivity of electro...

This paper presents problems connected with the effects of pro-ecological investment on the example of the heating industry. The aim of the publication, resulting from the identified gap, is to analyze pro-ecological investments on the example of a P...

Highly nonlinear characteristics of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are significantly influenced by the external and internal temperature of the LIB cell. Moreover, a cell temperature beyond the manufacturer’s specified safe operating limit could lead t...

In recent years, the need for generation mixes that consider the inertial constraints in unit commitment (UC) has increased because the inertia of these systems has decreased with the increased use of renewable energy. In these circumstances, single-...

This paper examines an approach that allows one to build an efficient system for protecting the information resources of smart power supply networks from cyberattacks based on the use of graph models and artificial neural networks. The possibility of...

Zero waste according to the Zero Waste International Alliance is an ethical, economical, effective and forward-thinking concept whereby people can change their lifestyles and habits to one that mimics natural cycles, where all discarded materials are...

In general, the biomass raw materials burned by biomass power plants generally have the characteristics of variable fuel types, high moisture content, and high volatile content. In this paper, a 130 t/h biomass circulating fluidized bed (BCFB) model...

This review provides the hydration and volume expansion mechanism of expansive materials, with the goal of utilizing them in the development of sustainable mining methods. The main focus of the review will be the newly developed non-destructible rock...

The conventional cascode structure for driving depletion-mode (D-mode) gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) raises reliability concerns. This is because of the possibility of the gate to source voltage of the GaN HEMT surg...

Modern wind turbines operate in continuously transient conditions, with varying speed, torque, and power based on the stochastic nature of the wind resource. This variability affects not only the operational performance of the wind power system, but...

Sustainable Development Goals were established by the United Nations General Assembly to ensure that everyone has access to clean, affordable, and sustainable energy. Third-generation biodiesel derived from algae sources can be a feasible option in t...

Since a T-type three-level PWM converter has several advantages in terms of harmonics and conduction loss, it has been widely adopted for various low voltage applications. However, a neutral point voltage control is necessarily required for stable sy...

Modelling tools and transport models are required to assess the impact of measures for the effective planning of cycling routes in cities. This paper presents the methodology for developing a four-stage macroscopic model of bicycle traffic for the ci...

Re-entrant jet causes cloud cavitation shedding, and cavitating vortical flow results in flow field instability. In the present work, a method of water injection is proposed to hinder re-entrant jet and suppress vortex in cloud cavitating flow of a N...

The scope of this article is to review the potential causes that can lead to wind turbine blade failures, assess their significance to a turbine’s performance and secure operation and summarize the techniques proposed to prevent these failures and el...

Electric vehicles (EVs) have a lot of potential to play an essential role in the smart power grid. EVs not only can reduce the amount of emission yielded from fossil fuels but also can be considered as an energy storage system (ES) and a backup syste...

Electric power reliability is one of the most important factors in the social and economic evolution of a smart city, whereas the key factors to make a city smart are smart energy sources and intelligent electricity networks. The development of cost-...

Construction is a powerful industry that is not indifferent to the environment. Neither the maintenance of buildings in a proper technical condition nor their eventual demolition is indifferent to the environment. The main threats to the environment...

To protect the environment, a new low-GWP refrigerant R1234ze(E) was created to substitute R134a. However, its flow boiling performances have not received sufficient attention so far, which hinders its popularization to some extent. In view of this,...

Photovoltaic electricity generation is key to achieving deep decarbonization with a high degree of electrification. It is predicted that the energy sector will reduce carbon dioxide by producing electricity mainly from photovoltaic (PV) power. Althou...

Several approaches have been applied for the evaluation of formation organic content. For further developments in the interpretation of organic richness, this research proposes a multivariate statistical method for exploring the interdependencies bet...

In this paper, a novel model based on the boundary element method (BEM) is presented for the hydrodynamic analysis of floating twin-hull structures carrying photovoltaic panels, supporting the study of wave responses and their effects on power perfor...

The aim of the article is to numerically model a two-dimensional multiphase flow based on the volume of fluid method (VOF) in a pulsating heat pipe (PHP). The current state of knowledge regarding the modeling of these devices was studied and summaris...

Experimental studies on internal convective (CHTC) and radiative (RHTC) heat transfer coefficients are very rarely conducted in real conditions during the normal use of buildings. This study presents the results of measurements of CHTC and RHTC for a...

Multi-access edge computing has become a strategic concept of the Internet of Things. The edge computing market has reached USD several billion and is growing intensively. In the edge-computing paradigm, most of the data is processed close to, or at...