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Journal of Risk and Financial Management, Volume 19, Issue 2

2026 February - 68 articles

Cover Story: We propose two narratives to analyze monthly returns for the S&P 500 Index. The first narrative emphasizes variables that represent the macroeconomy: Fed Funds Effective Rate, Real M2, 10-Year T-Note minus 2-Year T-Note, Shiller Housing Index, industrial production, and 1-Year Expected Inflation. The second narrative focuses on microeconomic fundamentals that include earnings, CBOE Volatility, consumer sentiment, interest rates, global price of copper, and the Dollar Index. We perform a methodology of 348 rolling regressions for each narrative, each with a sample of 60 monthly observations, and estimate the significance of the independent variables considered. We conclude that microeconomic narratives, as captured by indicators linked to stock market activity, exhibit a stronger correlation with monthly returns than macroeconomic fundamentals. View this paper
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Articles (68)

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,898 Views
14 Pages

Stock market efficiency plays a vital role in financial economics, as it reflects how quickly and accurately asset prices incorporate available information. This study investigates stock market efficiency and banking sector stability in the MENA regi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Evaluating Risk and Return in Modern Financial Markets)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,015 Views
19 Pages

We examine the effect of directors’ overseas experience on foreign investors’ holdings using a large panel of Chinese listed firms from 2009 to 2022. We find that firms with a higher proportion of overseas-experienced directors exhibit si...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corporate Finance and Governance in a Changing Global Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,059 Views
23 Pages

Audit Quality as a Mediator Between Internal Audit Firm Factors and Client’s Engagement Intention in Vietnam

  • Phuong Thi Khanh Nguyen,
  • Thanh Thi Le Nguyen,
  • Ha Ngan Pham and
  • Linh Dieu Nguyen

This study investigates how the internal characteristics of audit firms influence the audit quality of financial statements (audit quality) and, in turn, affect Client’s Engagement Intention in the Vietnamese context. Research data were collect...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Accounting, Auditing, and Reporting Quality: Challenges Under Uncertainty Conditions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,890 Views
22 Pages

This study investigates the factors associated with niyyah (worshipful intention) of Islamic bankers toward issuing green sukuk (G-sukuk) investment instruments. In particular, it analyses how bankers’ empathy, moral and ethical responsibilitie...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Finance and Corporate Responsibility)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,818 Views
21 Pages

This study empirically examines the relationship between digital banking and financial inclusion in Fiji, a small island developing state with geographically dispersed populations and limited access to traditional banking infrastructure. Using annual...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Commercial Banking and FinTech in Emerging Economies, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,022 Views
30 Pages

This study examines the determinants of profitability for 21 Bulgarian commercial banks over the period from the first quarter of 2007 to the first quarter of 2025, using financial statement data. Bank profitability is measured by return on assets (R...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Public Finance and Fiscal Analysis)
  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,253 Views
32 Pages

This article proposes a structured framework for financial statement fraud in five dimensions, nature of fraud, execution, participation, organizational impact, and environment, which are broken down into variables and subvariables to describe and an...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
955 Views
25 Pages

This bibliometric study provides a comprehensive mapping of the scientific landscape on education financing in Europe, highlighting its main trends, conceptual foundations, and influential contributions. Based on 168 publications indexed in the Web o...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,081 Views
29 Pages

Form ADV regulatory disclosures made by mutual fund management firms indicate that nearly one-third of investment advisers to mutual funds offer pension consulting services to defined contribution plans, creating inherent conflicts of interest that a...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,768 Views
22 Pages

ESG and Performance of European Listed Financial Companies: An Empirical Analysis

  • Giovanni Baldissarro,
  • Gianpaolo Iazzolino and
  • Ferdinando Ielapi

In recent years, the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into corporate strategies has become crucial, particularly in the European financial sector. This study analyzes the impact of ESG practices on financial performa...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,048 Views
19 Pages

Credit scoring is the industry-standard methodology for quantifying the creditworthiness and default risk of individual loan applicants. However, assessing the risk at the portfolio level—across different branches or regions—requires more...

(This article belongs to the Section Risk)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,921 Views
20 Pages

This study examines the interactive link between global oil, conventional and the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) stock returns, focusing on their complex structure, nonlinearity, and the duration of uncertainty. We use Quantile-on-Quanti...

(This article belongs to the Section Sustainability and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,092 Views
24 Pages

Measuring Technostress in Corporate Culture: Insights from the 10-K Annual Reports

  • Nayera Eltamboly,
  • Magdy Farag,
  • Mohamed Gomaa and
  • Maysa Abdallah

This study introduces an innovative approach for quantifying the technostress phenomenon, drawing on textual narratives from the firm’s annual report. Based on a dataset covering the Standard and Poor’s 500 (S&P 500) index firms, we a...

(This article belongs to the Section Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,776 Views
30 Pages

This study investigates, with a particular focus on understanding how digital change shapes firm performance in an emerging economy context, first, the impact of digital disruptive innovation, conceptualized as an external condition characterized by...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,358 Views
28 Pages

This paper examines the European Central Bank’s institutional capacity and readiness to introduce a digital euro in the context of accelerating digitalization, geopolitical uncertainty, and growing competition in the global monetary system. Rat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Future of Money: Central Bank Digital Currencies, Cryptocurrencies and Stablecoins, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,134 Views
24 Pages

The Effects of Green Innovation on Stock Liquidity: Evidence from US Companies

  • Xinze Qian,
  • Haizhi Wang,
  • Yiqiao Xu and
  • Richard Zhang

This study investigates whether green innovation (GI) enhances stock liquidity by mitigating information asymmetry. Using a hand-collected panel of 4752 unique U.S. publicly listed firms from 2010 to 2024, we employ OLS regressions to show that GI is...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends and Innovations in Corporate Finance and Governance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
729 Views
14 Pages

Evaluating Factor Contributions for Sold Homes

  • Jason R. Bailey,
  • W. Brent Lindquist and
  • Svetlozar T. Rachev

We evaluated the contributions of ten intrinsic and extrinsic factors readily available from website data to individual home sale prices for three major U.S. cities using a P-spline generalized additive model (GAM). We identified the relative signifi...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Real Estate Finance and Risk Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,658 Views
22 Pages

This study empirically examines the joint effects of innovation strategy intensity and gender diversity in boardrooms on firms’ environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. Drawing on the Resource-Based View and Upper Echelons Theor...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corporate Finance: Financial Management of the Firm)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,831 Views
15 Pages

We test price efficiency, which shows the fairness of trading for retail investors using the runs tests and variance ratio tests. We reject the hypothesis that Bitcoin prices are price efficient on most markets, but efficient on the Bitstamp BTC/USD....

(This article belongs to the Section Financial Technology and Innovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,035 Views
28 Pages

Refurbished Institutional Quality and Good Governance for Bank Stability: A Meta-Analysis of Emerging Economies

  • Sheikh Mohammad Rabby,
  • Mohammad Mizenur Rahaman,
  • Golam Morshed Shahriar Tanim and
  • Adiba Rahman Bushra Chowdhury

In an increasingly volatile global financial environment, strong institutions and sound governance are essential for safeguarding banking stability and mitigating systemic risks in emerging economies. Across the 11 emerging economies examined, weakne...

(This article belongs to the Section Banking and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3,473 Views
32 Pages

The importance of financial inclusion for economic development is well acknowledged in literature. Despite this, a large percentage of the rural population still remains outside the formal financial system. This study examines factors associated with...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Finance and Economic Growth)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,824 Views
29 Pages

This study proposes a two-stage structural model integrating financial literacy, education, attitudes, behavior, financial advice, and financial stress as predictors of financial capabilities. It examines the relationship between financial capabiliti...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue From Financial Fragility to Resilience: Households, Investors, and Small Businesses)
  • Article
  • Open Access
890 Views
17 Pages

Estimating bilateral interbank exposures is essential for assessing systemic risk and contagion in global banking systems. We propose a reconstruction framework that extends the maximum-entropy approach to a multi-country setting by integrating domes...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Banking Practices, Climate Risk and Financial Stability)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,491 Views
20 Pages

This study investigates whether equity markets in a hydrocarbon-based emerging economy react to corporate participation in large-scale renewable-energy investments. Focusing on Saudi Arabia’s National Renewable Energy Program (NREP) during 2017...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Finance and ESG Investment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,470 Views
23 Pages

The global financial system is undergoing a period of increasing fragmentation as payment and settlement infrastructures become politicised and alternative systems emerge. Platforms such as SWIFT and Euroclear remain central to cross-border finance,...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alternative Finance and Financial Innovation: Risks, Opportunities, and Regulation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
5,835 Views
42 Pages

The study examines the compliance of South African JSE-listed companies with the King IV Report principles on corporate governance and their contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To achieve this, integrated reports were downloaded fro...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Finance and ESG Investment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,178 Views
31 Pages

This study examines how banks navigate the dual strategic imperatives of securing market power and optimizing multidimensional operational efficiency—technical, scale, and allocative efficiency—within emerging and transitional banking sys...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corporate Finance and Governance in a Changing Global Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4,396 Views
17 Pages

Quantitative asset allocation remains a critical challenge in modern finance, particularly due to the inherent uncertainty of expected returns (μ) and the sensitivity of portfolio outcomes to the stability of portfolio weights. This study conducts...

(This article belongs to the Section Mathematics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,985 Views
24 Pages

The Effect of Environmental, Social, and Governance on Firm Value in Southeast Asia: The Moderating Role of Digitalization

  • Bahrul Yaman,
  • Deni Pandu Nugraha,
  • Faizul Mubarok,
  • Amanj Mohamed Ahmed and ,
  • Maria Fekete-Farkas,
  • Istvan Hagen and
  • Zsolt Tégla
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

With an emphasis on the moderating effect of digitalization, this study links the relationship between corporate valuation in Southeast Asia and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) frameworks. Although the importance of ESG practices for long...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corporate Finance: Financial Management of the Firm)
  • Article
  • Open Access
724 Views
19 Pages

This paper compares higher-order co-moment functionals (co-skewness and co-kurtosis) with conditional tail-risk measures, namely Co-Expected Shortfall (CoES) and Co-Value at Risk (CoVaR), within a unified coherence-based framework. On the theoretical...

(This article belongs to the Section Mathematics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,123 Views
19 Pages

ESG Performance and Firm Value in Indonesia: Do Political Connections and External Assurance Matter?

  • Raja Adri Satriawan Surya,
  • Andreas,
  • Edyanus Herman Halim and
  • Arumega Zarefar

This study examines how ESG performance translates into firm value in an Indonesia setting characterized by high information asymmetry, strong political–business linkages, and weak ESG assurance adoption. Using panel data from non-financial fir...

(This article belongs to the Section Business and Entrepreneurship)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,720 Views
26 Pages

This paper presents a hybrid framework for multi-stock trading that combines the decision-making ability of Deep Q-Networks (DQN) with the allocation precision of portfolio optimization models. Realistic markets are noisy and non-stationary, and comp...

(This article belongs to the Section Financial Technology and Innovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,305 Views
26 Pages

This paper develops a new direction of study oil-shocks with two competing hypotheses: (i) the Energy-exposure hypothesis, which posits that clean stocks with less direct reliance on fossil fuel should be less sensitive to oil shocks; and (ii) the Se...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Finance and ESG Investment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,486 Views
32 Pages

Social cohesion and inclusive growth constitute the central pillars of the European Commission’s policy agenda. Meanwhile, the recurrence of energy crises exacerbates the living standards and raises the structural inequalities across European h...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corporate Finance and Governance in a Changing Global Environment)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,650 Views
32 Pages

Managerial Sentiment and Default Risk: Evidence from China

  • Erxuan Ma,
  • Shaun McDowell,
  • Cagri Berk Onuk and
  • Jianing Zhang

This study examines the relationship between managerial sentiment and default risk in China. Using a dataset of managerial sentiment derived from textual emotional tone analysis of corporate reports, and a sample of 13,137 firm-year observations from...

(This article belongs to the Section Risk)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,929 Views
20 Pages

We examine how family ownership shapes overall corporate transparency by analyzing both firm-level and market-level transparency. Drawing on data from Korean-listed companies between 2001 and 2007, we construct separate indices measuring voluntary di...

(This article belongs to the Section Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,756 Views
34 Pages

This study examines the pricing dynamics of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) in the secondary market using advanced machine-learning techniques. We construct a large dataset of Ethereum-based NFT transactions initially comprising over 500,000 raw blockchai...

(This article belongs to the Section Financial Technology and Innovation)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,120 Views
19 Pages

This article provides a systematic review of the theoretical foundations underlying tax behavior in family firms. Drawing on 69 empirical studies indexed in Scopus and Web of Science, the review identifies three core limitations: the insufficient con...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tax Avoidance and Earnings Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,688 Views
43 Pages

This study examines how business activity responds to local taxation, specifically property tax and local sales tax, in Nevada. Using county-level data for the period 1999–2014, we assess the impact of these taxes on various business activity i...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Real Estate Finance and Risk Management)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,260 Views
35 Pages

This study empirically examines how artificial intelligence (AI) adoption and innovation shape product market dynamics and financial performance in multinational enterprises (MNEs) using a global firm sample over 1980–2023. We construct an unba...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Transforming Business and Finance Across Different Sectors)
  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,979 Views
20 Pages

Changing risk dynamics and the demand for more personalized, technology-driven services have spurred innovation in insurance through Insurtech, reshaping how insurance is supplied, purchased, and managed. This paper systematically reviews the impact...

(This article belongs to the Section Financial Technology and Innovation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,734 Views
22 Pages

This study examines the pricing efficiency of the Mint Gold Certificate (ALTINS1) traded on Borsa Istanbul and its relationship with the underlying asset (gram gold), focusing on the structural break identified in the data. Analyses conducted using M...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Behavioral Factors and Risk-Taking in Financial Markets)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,942 Views
23 Pages

The presence of the Indonesia Carbon Exchange (ICE) puts pressure on management to carry out its active role in reducing the potential of climate change through business strategies such as disclosure and improving carbon performance. This study seeks...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Accounting, Climate Reporting, and Sustainable Finance)
  • Review
  • Open Access
1 Citations
8,572 Views
34 Pages

Sovereign wealth funds enhance the international movement of capital and often facilitate economic development in domestic and host countries. However, the lack of transparency and accountability of SWFs varies, and state ownership gives rise to susp...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Globalization and Economic Integration)
  • Article
  • Open Access
3,215 Views
28 Pages

This study investigates volatility spillovers from the stock markets of the United States, Germany, China, and Japan to the UK stock market using daily data from major benchmark indices (FTSE 100, S&P 500, DAX, Shanghai Composite, and Nikkei 225)...

(This article belongs to the Section Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,667 Views
34 Pages

Corporate fraud remains a persistent problem that highlights the need for improved internal control and governance. Research on corporate governance (CG) and forensic accounting (FA) has been largely performed as separate studies. Little has been don...

(This article belongs to the Section Economics and Finance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
2,811 Views
19 Pages

We propose two narratives to analyze monthly returns for the S&P 500 Index. The first narrative emphasizes variables that represent the macroeconomy: Fed Funds Effective Rate, Real M2, 10-Year T-Note minus 2-Year T-Note, Shiller Housing Index, in...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members’ Collection Series: Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 2nd Edition)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
977 Views
28 Pages

Financial regulation assumes that parent firms reliably support distressed subsidiaries during crises. We test this assumption with evidence from the 2007–2009 financial crisis and find that parent support was selective rather than reliable. Us...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Financial Markets and Institutions and Financial Crises)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,581 Views
69 Pages

This study examines the evolving role of board heterogeneity, including gender diversity, board attributes, and governance practices, in shaping corporate risk outcomes. In mature governance settings, corporate risk management emerges from the intera...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends and Innovations in Corporate Finance and Governance)
  • Article
  • Open Access
1,378 Views
31 Pages

This paper aims to investigate the impact of ethnic diversity among employees and managers on firm performance, focusing on return on assets and return on equity. The analysis is conducted on a sample of 391 U.S. companies over a five-year period, 20...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends and Innovations in Corporate Finance and Governance)

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J. Risk Financ. Manag. - ISSN 1911-8074