Sensors, Volume 23, Issue 10

Underwater imaging has been present for many decades due to its relevance in vision and navigation systems. In recent years, advances in robotics have led to the availability of autonomous or unmanned underwater vehicles (AUVs, UUVs). Despite the rap...

This paper presents a novel improvement in the optical path structure of a three-wavelength symmetric demodulation method applied to extrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometer (EFPI) fiber optic acoustic sensors. The traditional approach of using cou...

A concept of a microfluidic fluorescent chemical sensing system is presented and demonstrated as a sensor for measurement of dissolved oxygen in water. The system utilizes on-line mixing of a fluorescent reagent with the analyzed sample, while it mea...

The paper presents the application of a phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometer (phi-OTDR) in the field of urban infrastructure monitoring. In particular, the branched structure of the urban network of telecommunication wells. The encounter...

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of multiscale sample entropy (MSE), refined composite multiscale entropy (RCMSE), and complexity index (CI) to characterize gait complexity through trunk acceleration patterns in subjects with Parkinson...

In today’s industry, the fourth industrial revolution is underway, characterized by the integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data. One of the key pillars of this revolution is the...

Despite playing a central role in antenna design, aperture efficiency is often disregarded. Consequently, the present study shows that maximizing the aperture efficiency reduces the required number of radiating elements, which leads to cheaper antenn...

An FMCW LiDAR (frequency-modulated continuous-wave light detection and ranging) is a sensor that can measure distance using optical interference frequency ($f_b$). This sensor has recently attracted interest because it is robust to harsh environmental c...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes gait abnormalities. Early and accurate recognition of PD gait is crucial for effective treatment. Recently, deep learning techniques have shown promising results in PD gait an...

The rapid development of intelligent connected vehicles has increased the attack surface of vehicles and made the complexity of vehicle systems unprecedented. Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) need to accurately represent and identify threats a...

This study aimed to investigate whether sample entropy (SEn) and peak frequency values observed in treadmill walking could provide physical therapists valuable insights into gait rehabilitation following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). It was recogniz...

Impervious surfaces affect the ecosystem function of watersheds. Therefore, the impervious surface area percentage (ISA%) in watersheds has been regarded as an important indicator for assessing the health status of watersheds. However, accurate and f...

The SnS/SnS₂ heterostructure was fabricated by the chemical vapor deposition method. The crystal structure properties of SnS₂ and SnS were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, Raman spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron micr...

The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest repeatability of Blue Trident inertial measurement units (IMUs) and VICON Nexus kinematic modelling in analysing the Lyapunov Exponent (LyE) during a maximal effort 4000 m cycling bout in dif...

In healthcare, the Internet of Things (IoT) is used to remotely monitor patients and provide real-time diagnoses, which is referred to as the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). This integration poses a risk from cybersecurity threats that can harm pa...

Intracellular pressure, a key physical parameter of the intracellular environment, has been found to regulate multiple cell physiological activities and impact cell micromanipulation results. The intracellular pressure may reveal the mechanism of the...

Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) aims to evaluate image quality in a way that closely matches human perception. To achieve this goal, the strengths of deep learning and the characteristics of the human visual system (HVS) can be combined. In thi...

Surface roughness is a key indicator of the quality of mechanical products, which can precisely portray the fatigue strength, wear resistance, surface hardness and other properties of the products. The convergence of current machine-learning-based su...

With the promotion of Industry 4.0, which emphasizes interconnected and intelligent devices, several factories have introduced numerous terminal Internet of Things (IoT) devices to collect relevant data or monitor the health status of equipment. The...

Double-row tapered roller bearings have been widely used in various equipment recently due to their compact structure and ability to withstand large loads. The dynamic stiffness is composed of contact stiffness, oil film stiffness and support stiffne...

Hair quality is easily affected by the scalp moisture content, and hair loss and dandruff will occur when the scalp surface becomes dry. Therefore, it is essential to monitor scalp moisture content constantly. In this study, we developed a hat-shaped...

The presence of manufacture error in large mirrors introduces high-order aberrations, which can severely influence the intensity distribution of point spread function. Therefore, high-resolution phase diversity wavefront sensing is usually needed. Ho...

Location-based Augmented Reality applications are increasingly used in many research and commercial fields. Some of the fields that these applications are used are recreational digital games, tourism, education, and marketing. This study aims to pres...

This paper presents an analysis of the IEEE 802.11ax networks’ coexistence with legacy stations, namely IEEE 802.11ac, IEEE 802.11n, and IEEE 802.11a. The IEEE 802.11ax standard introduces several new features that can enhance network performan...

Bounding box regression is a crucial step in object detection, directly affecting the localization performance of the detected objects. Especially in small object detection, an excellent bounding box regression loss can significantly alleviate the pr...

It has been almost half a century since the first interest in autonomous robots was shown, and research is still continuing to improve their ability to make perfectly conscious decisions from a user safety point of view. These autonomous robots are n...

Accurate methods for the prediction of the total energy expenditure and physical activity level (PAL) in community-dwelling older adults have not been established. Therefore, we examined the validity of estimating the PAL using an activity monitor (A...

Seriously abnormal data exist in the synchronous monitoring data of transformer DC bias, which causes serious data feature contamination and even affects the identification of transformer DC bias. For this reason, this paper aims to ensure the reliab...

This paper investigates the use of a miniaturized filter based on a triangular lattice of holes in a photonic crystal (PhC) slab. The plane wave expansion method (PWE) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) techniques were utilized to analyze the d...

The healthcare model is shifting towards integrated care approaches. This new model requires patients to be more closely involved. The iCARE-PD project aims to address this need by developing a technology-enabled, home-based, and community-centered i...

The performance of traditional model-based constant false-alarm ratio (CFAR) detection algorithms can suffer in complex environments, particularly in scenarios involving multiple targets (MT) and clutter edges (CE) due to an imprecise estimation of b...

Grinding thermal damages, commonly called grinding burns occur when the grinding energy generates too much heat. Grinding burns modify the local hardness and can be a source of internal stress. Grinding burns will shorten the fatigue life of steel co...

In complex industrial processes such as sintering, key quality variables are difficult to measure online and it takes a long time to obtain quality variables through offline testing. Moreover, due to the limitations of testing frequency, quality vari...

In this paper, a fiber-optic Fabry–Perot (F–P) vibration sensor that can work at 800 °C is proposed. The F–P interferometer is composed of an upper surface of inertial mass placed parallel to the end face of the optical fiber. T...

Sleep stage detection from polysomnography (PSG) recordings is a widely used method of monitoring sleep quality. Despite significant progress in the development of machine-learning (ML)-based and deep-learning (DL)-based automatic sleep stage detecti...

Photodetectors that can operate over a wide range of temperatures, from cryogenic to elevated temperatures, are crucial for a variety of modern scientific fields, including aerospace, high-energy science, and astro-particle science. In this study, we...

Two algorithms of data processing are proposed to shorten the unmeasurable dead-zone close to the zero-position of measurement, i.e., the minimum working distance of a dispersive interferometer using a femtosecond laser, which is a critical issue in...

This paper introduces a fault diagnosis method for mine scraper conveyor gearbox gears using motor current signature analysis (MCSA). This approach solves problems related to gear fault characteristics that are affected by coal flow load and power fr...

Aggression in children is highly prevalent and can have devastating consequences, yet there is currently no objective method to track its frequency in daily life. This study aims to investigate the use of wearable-sensor-derived physical activity dat...

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the increasing number of measurements and the possible increase in the number of faults in multi-constellation Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Receiver Autonomous Integrity Mon...

Reinforcement learning agents that have not been seen during training must be robust in test environments. However, the generalization problem is challenging to solve in reinforcement learning using high-dimensional images as the input. The addition...

Intelligent telemedicine technology has been widely applied due to the quick development of the Internet of Things (IoT). The edge-computing scheme can be regarded as a feasible solution to reduce energy consumption and enhance the computing capabili...

In this work, the image formation in a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) is investigated for custom-made multi-cylinder phantoms. The cylinder structures were fabricated using 3D direct laser writing and consist of parallel cylinders with rad...

Research on autonomous driving technology is actively underway to solve the facing problems in the agricultural field. Combine harvesters used in East Asian countries, including Korea, are tracked-type vehicles. The steering control system of the tra...

A high-precision three-dimensional (3D) model is the premise and vehicle of digitalising hydraulic engineering. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tilt photography and 3D laser scanning are widely used for 3D model reconstruction. Affected by the complex...

In this study, we introduce a novel design for a three-dimensional (3D) controller, which incorporates the omni-purpose stretchable strain sensor (OPSS sensor). This sensor exhibits both remarkable sensitivity, with a gauge factor of approximately 30...

A research topic of equal importance to technological and application fields related to quartz crystal is the presence of unwanted responses known as spurious resonances. Spurious resonances are influenced by the surface finish of the quartz crystal,...

Object detection algorithms require compact structures, reasonable probability interpretability, and strong detection ability for small targets. However, mainstream second-order object detectors lack reasonable probability interpretability, have stru...

Wearable surface electromyography (sEMG) signal-acquisition devices have considerable potential for medical applications. Signals obtained from sEMG armbands can be used to identify a person’s intentions using machine learning. However, the per...

Keeping natural ecosystems and their functions in the proper condition is necessary. One of the best contactless monitoring methods is remote sensing, especially optical remote sensing, which is used for vegetation applications. In addition to satell...