This work results from a numerical investigation of the thermochemical non-equilibrium effects on the surface properties of a hypersonic body. Non-equilibrium within an air mixture composed of 11 chemical species was considered when solving the Navie...
High enthalpy stagnation gas can be converted into hypervelocity flow through the contraction—expansion nozzle. The enthalpy flow in the nozzle can be divided into three regions: an equilibrium region, a non-equilibrium region, and a frozen region. T...
Thermochemical nonequilibrium significantly affects the accurate simulation of the aerothermal environment surrounding a hypersonic reentry vehicle entering Earth’s atmosphere during deep space exploration missions. The different heat transfer...
This numerical study was conducted to investigate the flow properties in a model scramjet configuration of the experiment in the T4 shock tunnel. In most numerical simulations of flows in shock tunnels, the inflow conditions in the test section are d...
In this paper, we analyze the departure from equilibrium in two specific types of thermal plasmas. The first type deals with the plasma produced during the atmospheric entry of a spatial vehicle in the upper layers of an atmosphere, specifically the...
Significant thermochemical nonequilibrium effects always exist in the flow field around hypersonic vehicle at extreme flight condition. Previous studies have proposed various thermodynamic and chemical kinetic models to describe the thermochemical no...
The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated the use of medical protective equipment, including face masks, to protect the individual from the virus. This work studies the feasibility of using these materials as fuel for thermochemical processes for the product...
We present a new compact electron gun based on the secondary emission through ionic bombardment principle. The driving parameters to develop such a gun are to obtain a quite small electron gun for an in-flight instrument performing Electron Beam Fluo...
Biomass gasification is the most reliable thermochemical conversion technology for the conversion of biomass into gaseous fuels such as H2, CO, and CH4. The performance of a gasification process can be estimated using thermodynamic equilibrium models...
The screening of all non-radioactive metals without lanthanides for thermochemical hydrogen storage was performed based on physical chemistry calculations. The thermodynamic data were collected from the NIST (National Institute of Standards and Techn...
Thermal conversion of ash-rich fuels in fluidized bed systems is often associated with extensive operation problems caused by the high amount of reactive inorganics. This paper investigates the behavior of wheat straw lignin—a potential renewab...
The computational thermodynamic analysis of a samarium oxide-based two-step solar thermochemical water splitting cycle is reported. The analysis is performed using HSC chemistry software and databases. The first (solar-based) step drives the thermal...
An activated carbon prepared from silicon carbide by thermochemical synthesis and designated as SiC-AC was studied as an adsorbent for xenon. The examination of textural properties of the SiC-AC adsorbent by nitrogen vapor adsorption measurements at...
Both molecular dynamics (MD) and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations were performed to simulate coal ashes using the Guillot-Sator model in this work. The structural and transport properties of coal ashes at high temperatures have be...
Accurate prediction of the aerothermal environment is of great significance to space exploration and return missions. The canonical Fire II trajectory points are simulated to investigate the radiative transfer in the shock layer for Earth reentry at...
Optical design parameters for a ground-based infrared sensor rely strongly on the target’s optical radiation properties. Infrared (IR) optical observability and imaging simulations of an Earth entry vehicle were evaluated using a comprehensive...