Generation of relevant and robust models for neurological disorders is of main importance for both target identification and drug discovery. The non-cell autonomous effects of glial cells on neurons have been described in a broad range of neurodegene...
Accumulating studies have shown that astrocytes are essential for regulating neurons at both synaptic and circuit levels. The main mechanism of brain astrocytic intracellular Ca2+ activity is through the release of Ca2+ via the inositol 1,4,5-trispho...
The Neuron Doctrine, the cornerstone of research on normal and abnormal brain functions for over a century, has failed to discern the basis of complex cognitive functions. The location and mechanisms of memory storage and recall, consciousness, and l...
The human central nervous system is convolutedly connected to the gut microbiome, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract. Recent research has highlighted the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome...
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a significant global health burden, characterized by progressive loss of neuronal function and structure. While traditionally viewed as primarily neuronal disorders, recent research has highlighted the crucial rol...
In recent years, much attention has been paid to the study of the therapeutic effect of the microelement selenium, its compounds, especially selenium nanoparticles, with a large number of works devoted to their anticancer effects. Studies proving the...
The search for new therapies to reduce symptoms and find a cure for Parkinson’s disease has focused attention on two key points: the accumulation of alpha-synuclein aggregates and astrocytes. The former is a hallmark of the disease, while the l...
AMOG/β2, the β2 isoform of the sodium pump (Na+/K+-ATPase), functions as an adhesion molecule on glial cells, mediating critical neuron–astrocyte interactions during central nervous system (CNS) development. Despite its established ro...
Schizophrenia is a complex heterogenous disorder thought to be caused by interactions between genetic and environmental factors. The theories developed to explain the etiology of schizophrenia have focused largely on the dysfunction of neurotransmitt...
The actual role of prion protein-induced glial activation and subsequent cytokine secretion during prion diseases is still incompletely understood. The overall aim of this study is to assess the effect of an anti-inflammatory treatment with dexametha...
Currently, the problem of climate change on Earth is becoming increasingly urgent. These changes are the reason for the increasingly pronounced adaptive differences in different species of fish. A significant gap in ultrastructural data on the organi...
Interferons (IFNs) are pleiotropic cytokines originally identified for their antiviral activity. IFN-α and IFN-β are both type I IFNs that have been used to treat neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Microglia, astrocytes, as...
Neuropeptides and neurotransmitters act as intermediaries to transmit impulses from one neuron to another via a synapse. These neuropeptides are also related to nerve degeneration and regeneration during nerve damage. Although there are various neuro...
Haslea ostrearia, a cosmopolitan marine pennate diatom, produces a characteristic blue pigment called marennine that causes the greening of filter-feeding organisms, such as oysters. Previous studies evidenced various biological activities of purifie...
Preclinical studies have identified glial cells as pivotal players in the genesis and maintenance of neuropathic pain after nerve injury associated with diabetes, chemotherapy, major surgeries, and virus infections. Satellite glial cells (SGCs) in th...
Virus infections of the central nervous system (CNS) can manifest in various forms of inflammation, including that of the brain (encephalitis) and spinal cord (myelitis), all of which may have long-lasting deleterious consequences. Although the knowl...
Aggressive behavior has negative effects on animal welfare and growth performance in pigs. The dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) has a critical neuromodulator role in the dopamine signal pathway within the brain to control behavior. A functional single-nuc...
Neuroinflammation has been correlated with the progress of neurodegeneration in many neuropathologies. Although glial cells have traditionally been considered to be protective, the concept of them as neurotoxic cells has recently emerged. Thus, a maj...
Cerebral aneurysms and microaneurysms are abnormal vascular dilatations with high risk of rupture. An aneurysmal rupture could cause permanent disability and even death. Finding and treating aneurysms before their rupture is very difficult since symp...
Studies suggest that astrocytic connexins (Cx) have an important role in the regulation of high brain functions through their ability to establish fine-tuned communication with neurons within the tripartite synapse. In light of these properties, grow...
I discuss some concepts advanced for the understanding of the complex dynamics of brain functions, and relate them to approaches in affective, cognitive and action neurosciences. These functions involve neuro-glial interactions in a dynamic system th...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease–dementia (LOAD) are increasing in global prevalence and current predictions indicate they will only increase over the coming decades. These increases may be a result of th...
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) as membrane structures of cellular origin participating in intercellular communication are involved in the molecular mechanisms of the development of various variants of polyneuropathy. Taking into account the increasing...
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a dynamic and heterogeneous population of glial cells essential for brain development and myelination. Beyond their well-established role in oligodendrogenesis, emerging evidence suggests that OPCs contribut...
Despite medical advances, neurological recovery after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains poor. Elevated levels of high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB1) are associated with poor outcomes; likely via interaction with receptors for advanced...
The oral microbiota, long recognized for their role in local pathologies, are increasingly implicated in systemic disorders, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review focuses on emerging evidence linking oral dysbiosis to neuroglial acti...
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressively debilitating neurodegenerative disease characterized by α-synucleinopathy, which involves all districts of the brain-gut axis, including the central, autonomic and enteric nervous systems. The h...
In pig production, pigs often show more aggressive behavior after mixing, which adversely affects animal welfare and growth performance. The Jumonji and structural domain-rich AT interaction domain 2 (JARID2) gene plays an important role in neurodeve...
Cerebral ischemia, and, as a result, insult, attacks up to 15 million people yearly in the world. In this connection, the development of effective preventive programs and methods of therapy has become one of the most urgent problems in modern angiolo...
Background: Tay–Sachs disease (TSD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of GM2 ganglioside due to mutations in the HEXA gene, which encodes the α-subunit of β-Hexosaminidase A. This...