In this paper, the importance of isospin symmetry and its breaking in elucidating the properties of atomic nuclei is reviewed. The quark mass splitting and the electromagnetic origin of the isospin symmetry breaking (ISB) for the nuclear many-body pr...
Isospin symmetry breaking effects on the mass-radius relation of a cold, non-accreting neutron star are studied on the basis of two Skyrme Energy Density Functionals (EDFs). One functional contains isospin symmetry breaking terms other than those typ...
The paper reviews the recent progress in the description of isospin-symmetry breaking within the nuclear shell model and applications to actual problems related to the structure and decay of exotic neutron-deficient nuclei and nuclei along the N=Z li...
At finite isospin chemical potential μI, the tension between measured decays and partial branching ratios of neutral and charged bosons as functions of dimuon mass squared and the Standard Model (SM) isospin asymmetry can be analyzed in nonperturb...
The study of the origin of asymmetries in mirror β decay is extremely important to understand the fundamental nuclear force and the nuclear structure. The experiment was performed at the National Laboratory of Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanz...
Nuclear super-allowed β decay has been used to obtain tight limits on the value of the CKM matrix element Vud that is important for unitarity tests and, therefore, for tests of the standard model. Current requirements on precision are so intense...
A new approach to the Dirac equation and the associated hadronic symmetries is proposed. In this approach, we linearize the second Casimir operator of the Lorentz Group, which is defined by the energy–momentum four-vector and the fermion spin,...
Nuclear physics provides a natural laboratory for studying two kinds of fermions: protons and neutrons. These particles share similarities in mass and strong nuclear interactions, which are often described by isospin symmetry. However, isospin is not...
In the QCD-like effective model, the Polyakov linear-sigma model, the isospin sigma field (σ¯3=fK±−fK0) and the third generator of the matrix of the explicit symmetry breaking [h3=ma02fK±−fK0] are estimated in ter...
We give a pedagogical review of the properties of the various meson condensation phases triggered by a large isospin or strangeness imbalance. We argue that these phases are extremely interesting and powerful playground for exploring the properties o...
The temperature (T) dependence of the axion mass is predicted for T ′ s up to ∼ 2.3 × the chiral restoration temperature of QCD. The axion is related to the U A ( 1 ) anomaly. The squared axion mass m a...
A diagonalization scheme for the shell model mean-field plus isovector pairing Hamiltonian in the O(5) tensor product basis of the quasi-spin SUΛ(2) ⊗ SUI(2) chain is proposed. The advantage of the diagonalization scheme lies in the fact that not onl...
This review article describes a historical perspective of elucidation of the nature of the chemical bonds of the high-valent transition metal oxo (M=O) and peroxo (M-O-O) compounds in chemistry and biology. The basic concepts and theoretical backgrou...
Symmetries in the Physical Laws of Nature lead to observable effects. Beyond the regularities and conserved magnitudes, the last few decades in particle physics have seen the identification of symmetries, and their well-defined breaking, as the guidi...
One doublet of complex scalar fields is the minimal content of the Higgs sector in order to achieve spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking and, in turn, to generate the masses of fundamental particles in the Standard Model. However, several theori...
In this study, we calculate the pressure of the interacting pion gas using the Beth–Uhlenbeck approach to the relativistic virial expansion with Breit–Wigner phase shifts for the σ- and ϱ-meson resonances. The repulsive phase...
High-spin nuclear isomers in N≈Z nuclei between doubly magic 40Ca and 56Ni provide an excellent testing ground for the nuclear shell model and questions related to isospin symmetry breaking in the vicinity of the proton drip line. The purpose o...