Personalized Nutrition and Emerging Dietary Approaches in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Dear Colleagues, 

Adequate nutrition and diet play a crucial role in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, in both children and adults. Malnutrition is common in IBD due to reduced intake, malabsorption, and increased nutrient needs, especially during active disease phases. In children, inadequate nutrition can impair growth and development, making dietary support essential. Traditionally, diet is considered a form of supportive care, aimed at correcting deficiencies and minimizing symptoms. However, recent advances have highlighted diet not only as a supportive measure but also as a potential therapeutic tool. Specific dietary interventions, such as exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), have shown efficacy in inducing remission in pediatric Crohn’s disease, comparable to corticosteroids but without systemic side effects. Emerging dietary approaches, such as the Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), the Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD), and the low FODMAP diet, are being investigated for their anti-inflammatory potential and evidence of microbiome modulation. Personalized nutrition based on individual tolerance and microbiota composition is gaining attention as a promising adjunct in medical therapy. Overall, our evolving understanding of the role of diet in IBD suggests that tailored nutritional strategies can help manage symptoms, maintain remission, and potentially reduce reliance on pharmacologic treatments in both children and adults.

Dr. Vito Annese
Guest Editor

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