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Early Childhood Nutrition for Long-Term Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 3897

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Interests: nutrition; pregnant women; breastfeeding women; children
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A healthy lifestyle, including adequate nutrition from the perinatal period to adolescence, is essential for achieving successful pregnancies, child development, healthy growth, and finally for the prevention of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) during childhood and later in life. Furthermore, pregnancy and early childhood are critical periods for establishing eating habits. Dietary behavior before and during pregnancy and the feeding patterns of young children (breastfeeding duration and introduction of solid foods), are associated, for example, with taste preferences and therefore influence whether a diet is beneficial or detrimental to health. By evaluating children's nutritional habits, deficits can be highlighted and awareness of the importance of appropriate nutrition education can be raised.

This Special Issue aims to clarify factors that influence dietary behavior from an early age and examine the impact of (in)adequate nutrition on disease prevention in order to promote nutrition education to increase nutritional competence.

Dr. Petra Rust
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • early child nutrition
  • disease prevention
  • NCDs
  • lactation
  • complementary feeding
  • child nutrition
  • nutritional habits of adolescents
  • dietary pattern

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2256 KiB  
Article
Eating Frequency in European Children from 1 to 96 Months of Age: Results of the Childhood Obesity Project Study
by Vanessa Jaeger, Berthold Koletzko, Veronica Luque, Dariusz Gruszfeld, Elvira Verduci, Annick Xhonneux and Veit Grote
Nutrients 2023, 15(4), 984; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15040984 - 16 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1473
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the eating frequency (EF) in children over age, and examined the influence of country, sex, feeding mode and weight status on EF. We used the dietary data of the Childhood Obesity Project, which comprised European children from five countries. [...] Read more.
We aimed to investigate the eating frequency (EF) in children over age, and examined the influence of country, sex, feeding mode and weight status on EF. We used the dietary data of the Childhood Obesity Project, which comprised European children from five countries. Dietary data of 3-days weighed and estimated records were available monthly from 1 to 9 and at 12-, 24-, 36-, 48-, 60-, 72- and 96-months old. Generalized additive mixed effects models were used to estimate EF trajectories with EF as outcome and applying age splines. Additionally, the models were further adjusted for country, feeding mode, sex or weight status. Data from 1244 children were analysed. EF was highest at 1 month with on average 7.3 ± 1.9 feeds per day, and fell to 5.1 ± 1.1 eating occasions at the age 96 months. Night feeding was similarly often than day feeding at 1 month but declined thereafter. Significant differences in EF were observed between countries (p < 0.05), with the highest EF in Poland, and between infant feeding modes, with a higher EF in breastfed than non-breastfed infants (p < 0.05). Sex and body weight were not associated with EF. Despite the importance of EF towards total energy intake, no association with weight status was found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Childhood Nutrition for Long-Term Health)
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21 pages, 2310 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Effects and Potential Impact of Early Nutrition with Breast Milk or Infant Formula on Glucose Homeostasis Control in Healthy Children at 6 Years Old: A Follow-Up from the COGNIS Study
by Estefanía Diéguez, Ana Nieto-Ruiz, Natalia Sepúlveda-Valbuena, Florian Herrmann, Ahmad Agil, Roser De-Castellar, Jesús Jiménez, Hatim Azaryah, José Antonio García-Santos, Mercedes García-Bermúdez and Cristina Campoy
Nutrients 2023, 15(4), 852; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15040852 - 07 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1904
Abstract
There is scarce evidence about early nutrition programming of dynamic aspects of glucose homeostasis. We analyzed the long-term effects of early nutrition on glycemic variability in healthy children. A total of 92 children participating in the COGNIS study were considered for this analysis, [...] Read more.
There is scarce evidence about early nutrition programming of dynamic aspects of glucose homeostasis. We analyzed the long-term effects of early nutrition on glycemic variability in healthy children. A total of 92 children participating in the COGNIS study were considered for this analysis, who were fed with: a standard infant formula (SF, n = 32), an experimental formula (EF, n = 32), supplemented with milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) components, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), and synbiotics, or were breastfed (BF, n = 28). At 6 years old, BF children had lower mean glucose levels and higher multiscale sample entropy (MSE) compared to those fed with SF. No differences in MSE were found between EF and BF groups. Normal and slow weight gain velocity during the first 6 months of life were associated with higher MSE at 6 years, suggesting an early programming effect against later metabolic disorders, thus similarly to what we observed in breastfed children. Conclusion: According to our results, BF and normal/slow weight gain velocity during early life seem to protect against glucose homeostasis dysregulation at 6 years old. EF shows functional similarities to BF regarding children’s glucose variability. The detection of glucose dysregulation in healthy children would help to develop strategies to prevent the onset of metabolic disorders in adulthood. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Early Childhood Nutrition for Long-Term Health)
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