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Nutrients
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The Role of Nutrition in Managing Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Current Perspectives
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The Role of Nutrition in Managing Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Current Perspectives

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2025 | Viewed by 3588

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Francesco Panzuto

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Guest Editor
1. Digestive Disease Unit, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence or Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
2. Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
Interests: neuroendocrine tumors; gastrointestinal disorders; pancreatic diseases; malnutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sara Massironi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Gastroenterology, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, 20900 Monza, Italy
Interests: neuroendocrine tumors; endoscopic ultrasonography; pancreatic disorders; nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Maria Rinzivillo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, Digestive Disease Unit, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
Interests: pancreatic islet cell tumor; neuroendocrine tumor; pancreatic cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue delves into the critical role that nutrition plays in managing neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), a heterogeneous group of rare tumors arising from neuroendocrine cells, which frequently present unique challenges due to their hormonal activity and varied anatomical locations. Recent advances in nutritional science have highlighted potential therapeutic strategies that can complement traditional treatments, such as surgery, systemic therapy, and radioligand therapy. Contributions to this Special Issue explore how nutritional status can influence the metabolic pathways involved in tumor growth and symptom management, offering new insights into patient care, focusing on the potential impact of nutritional status on response to treatments, patients' quality of life, and clinical outcomes.

Prof. Dr. Francesco Panzuto
Dr. Sara Massironi
Dr. Maria Rinzivillo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • neuroendocrine tumors
  • nutritional status
  • survival
  • quality of life
  • treatment

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 646 KiB  
Article
High Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours (GEP-NETs), but No Association with the Risk of Surgical Complications
by Dominique S. V. M. Clement, Monique E. van Leerdam, Margot E. T. Tesselaar, Parthi Srinivasan, Krishna Menon, Koert Kuhlmann, Anne den Hartog, George Giovos, Martin O. Weickert and Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan
Nutrients 2024, 16(22), 3790; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16223790 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1451
Abstract
Background: Sarcopenia is a muscle disease that occur across a lifetime. It is commonly described in the aging population but can occur earlier in life in patients with cancer. Previous studies demonstrated sarcopenia is highly prevalent in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs). [...] Read more.
Background: Sarcopenia is a muscle disease that occur across a lifetime. It is commonly described in the aging population but can occur earlier in life in patients with cancer. Previous studies demonstrated sarcopenia is highly prevalent in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEP-NETs). In solid organ cancers, such as colorectal or pancreatic cancer, the presence of sarcopenia is associated with surgical complications. It is unknown if sarcopenia in patients with GEP-NETs is a risk factor for surgical complications. Methods: A multicentre retrospective study was performed in patients with a recently diagnosed GEP-NET and surgery to the primary tumour. CT scans were analysed for body composition analyses to assess for the presence of sarcopenia. Data regarding surgical procedures and complications were collected. Any major surgical complication was considered as Clavien–Dindo score ≥ 3. Results: This study included 180 patients, with 83 being male (46%) with a median age of 62 years (IQR 54–69). Most patients (n = 138, 77%) had a small intestinal NET, while 36 patients (20%) had pancreatic NETs. Sarcopenia was present in 109 patients (61%). In 43 patients (24%), surgical complications were recorded, and 21 complications (49%) were considered as major. Any type of surgical complication was not statistically different between patients without sarcopenia (n = 17, 24%) and with sarcopenia (n = 26, 24%)—a p-value of 0.36. This was the same for major complications; between patients without sarcopenia (n = 5, 24%) and with sarcopenia (n = 16, 76%)—a p-value of 0.18. Conclusions: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in patients with a recently diagnosed GEP-NET, but this is not associated with major surgical complications. Future studies should include pathophysiological mechanisms that could be used to identify the causes of sarcopenia, its effect on quality of life and other oncological outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition in Managing Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Current Perspectives)
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10 pages, 787 KiB  
Article
Sarcopenia in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors
by Elena Romano, Michela Polici, Matteo Marasco, Francesco Lerose, Elisabetta Dell’Unto, Stefano Nardacci, Marta Zerunian, Elsa Iannicelli, Maria Rinzivillo, Andrea Laghi, Bruno Annibale, Francesco Panzuto and Damiano Caruso
Nutrients 2024, 16(14), 2224; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16142224 - 11 Jul 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1687
Abstract
Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are slow-growing tumors. Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. First-line NEN therapy is somatostatin analogs, which could be responsible for malabsorption conditions, such as pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (EPI) with underlying sarcopenia. Aim: [...] Read more.
Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are slow-growing tumors. Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. First-line NEN therapy is somatostatin analogs, which could be responsible for malabsorption conditions, such as pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (EPI) with underlying sarcopenia. Aim: Evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with NENs at diagnosis and during follow-up. Methods: A retrospective single-center study was conducted, including patients with advanced intestinal NENs G1/G2 (excluded pancreatic NENs). CT scans were analyzed at diagnosis and after 6 months of therapy, and the skeletal muscle index was assessed. Results: A total of 30 patients (F:M = 6:24) were enrolled, with the following primary tumor sites: 25 in the ileum, 1 stomach, 2 jejunum, and 2 duodenum. At diagnosis, 20 patients (66.6%) showed sarcopenic SMI values, and 10 patients (33.3%) showed non-sarcopenic SMI values. At follow-up, three more patients developed sarcopenic SMI values. Statistical significance in relation to the presence of sarcopenia was found in the group of patients with carcinoid syndrome (p = 0.0178), EPI (p = 0.0018), and weight loss (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Sarcopenia was present in 2/3 of the patients with advanced intestinal NENs at the diagnosis and during the follow-up. It is reasonable to consider this condition to improve clinical outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Nutrition in Managing Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Current Perspectives)
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