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Nutrients
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Water and Other Fluids in Nephrolithiasis
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Water and Other Fluids in Nephrolithiasis

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 March 2024) | Viewed by 17325

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Marie Courbebaisse

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles Rénales, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Descartes, INSERM U1151, Paris, France
Interests: mineral metabolism; nephrolithiasis; glomerular filtration rate measurement
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Many things have been said and written on preventive medical and non-medical treatments for nephrolithiasis, but no recent Special Issue has focused on hydration, which however represents the cornerstone to limit the recurrence of stones. How should we then position ourselves in 2022?

In this Special Issue of Nutrients (Impact Factor = 5.719, ISSN 2072-6643) entitled “Water and Other Fluids in Nephrolithiasis”, we invite the experts in the field to give their opinion on this important subject by submitting comprehensive and up-to-date reviews. We also encourage scientists to submit their latest original research papers regarding pediatric and adult patients with nephrolithiasis on this topic, including new tips and tools to increase and monitor hydration in patients.

Prof. Dr. Marie Courbebaisse
Guest Editor

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nephrolithiasis
  • hydration
  • water
  • prevention

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1887 KiB  
Article
Clinical and Functional Assessment of Digenicity in Renal Phosphate Wasting
by Friederike Petzold, Ria Schönauer, Andreas Werner and Jan Halbritter
Nutrients 2023, 15(9), 2081; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15092081 - 26 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3110
Abstract
Apart from increased fluid intake, patients with kidney stone disease (KSD) due to renal phosphate wasting require specific metaphylaxis. NaPi2a, NaPi2c, and NHERF1 regulate plasma phosphate concentration by reabsorbing phosphate in proximal kidney tubules and have been found altered in monogenic hypophosphatemia with [...] Read more.
Apart from increased fluid intake, patients with kidney stone disease (KSD) due to renal phosphate wasting require specific metaphylaxis. NaPi2a, NaPi2c, and NHERF1 regulate plasma phosphate concentration by reabsorbing phosphate in proximal kidney tubules and have been found altered in monogenic hypophosphatemia with a risk of KSD. In this study, we aimed at assessing the combined genetic alterations impacting NaPi2a, NaPi2c, and NHERF1. Therefore, we screened our hereditary KSD registry for cases of oligo- and digenicity, conducted reverse phenotyping, and undertook functional studies. As a result, we identified three patients from two families with digenic alterations in NaPi2a, NaPi2c, and NHERF1. In family 1, the index patient, who presented with severe renal calcifications and a bone mineralization disorder, carried digenic alterations affecting both NaPi transporter 2a and 2c. Functional analysis confirmed an additive genetic effect. In family 2, the index patient presented with kidney function decline, distinct musculature-related symptoms, and intracellular ATP depletion. Genetically, this individual was found to harbor variants in both NaPi2c and NHERF1 pointing towards genetic interaction. In summary, digenicity and gene dosage are likely to impact the severity of renal phosphate wasting and should be taken into account in terms of metaphylaxis through phosphate substitution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water and Other Fluids in Nephrolithiasis)
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Review

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13 pages, 1292 KiB  
Review
How to Monitor Hydration Status and Urine Dilution in Patients with Nephrolithiasis
by Simon Travers, Caroline Prot-Bertoye, Michel Daudon, Marie Courbebaisse and Stéphanie Baron
Nutrients 2023, 15(7), 1642; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15071642 - 28 Mar 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 6822
Abstract
Maintenance of hydration status requires a tight balance between fluid input and output. An increase in water loss or a decrease in fluid intake is responsible for dehydration status, leading to kidney water reabsorption. Thus, urine volume decreases and concentration of the different [...] Read more.
Maintenance of hydration status requires a tight balance between fluid input and output. An increase in water loss or a decrease in fluid intake is responsible for dehydration status, leading to kidney water reabsorption. Thus, urine volume decreases and concentration of the different solutes increases. Urine dilution is the main recommendation to prevent kidney stone recurrence. Monitoring hydration status and urine dilution is key to preventing stone recurrence. This monitoring could either be performed via spot urine or 24 h urine collection with corresponding interpretation criteria. In laboratory conditions, urine osmolality measurement is the best tool to evaluate urine dilution, with less interference than urine-specific gravity measurement. However, this evaluation is only available during time lab examination. To improve urine dilution in nephrolithiasis patients in daily life, such monitoring should also be available at home. Urine color is of poor interest, but reagent strips with urine-specific gravity estimation are currently the only available tool, even with well-known interferences. Finally, at home, fluid intake monitoring could be an alternative to urine dilution monitoring. Eventually, the use of a connected device seems to be the most promising solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water and Other Fluids in Nephrolithiasis)
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11 pages, 323 KiB  
Review
Hydration and Nephrolithiasis in Pediatric Populations: Specificities and Current Recommendations
by Maud Injeyan, Valeska Bidault, Justine Bacchetta and Aurélia Bertholet-Thomas
Nutrients 2023, 15(3), 728; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030728 - 1 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3350
Abstract
Renal lithiasis is less frequent in children than in adults; in pediatrics, lithiasis may be caused by genetic abnormalities, infections, and complex uropathies, but the association of urological and metabolic abnormalities is not uncommon. The aim of this study is to provide a [...] Read more.
Renal lithiasis is less frequent in children than in adults; in pediatrics, lithiasis may be caused by genetic abnormalities, infections, and complex uropathies, but the association of urological and metabolic abnormalities is not uncommon. The aim of this study is to provide a synthesis of nephrolithiasis in children and to emphasize the role of hydration in its treatment. As an etiology is reported in 50% of cases, with a genetic origin in 10 to 20%, it is proposed to systematically perform a complete metabolic assessment after the first stone in a child. Recent data in the field reported increased incidence of pediatric urolithiasis notably for calcium oxalate stones. These changes in the epidemiology of stone components may be attributable to metabolic and environmental factors, where hydration seems to play a crucial role. In case of pediatric urolithiasis, whatever its cause, it is of utmost importance to increase water intake around 2 to 3 L/m2 per day on average. The objective is to obtain a urine density less than 1010 on a dipstick or below 300 mOsm/L, especially with the first morning urine. Some genetic diseases may even require a more active 24 h over-hydration, e.g., primary hyperoxaluria and cystinuria; in such cases naso-gastric tubes or G-tubes may be proposed. Tap water is adapted for children with urolithiasis, with limited ecological impact and low economical cost. For children with low calcium intake, the use of calcium-rich mineral waters may be discussed in some peculiar cases, even in case of urolithiasis. In contrast, sugar-sweetened beverages are not recommended. In conclusion, even if parents and patients sometimes have the feeling that physicians do not propose “fancy” therapeutic drugs, hydration and nutrition remain cornerstones of the management of pediatric urolithiasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water and Other Fluids in Nephrolithiasis)
10 pages, 504 KiB  
Review
The Impact of Water and Other Fluids on Pediatric Nephrolithiasis
by Carmen Iulia Ciongradi, Florin Filip, Ioan Sârbu, Codruța Olimpiada Iliescu Halițchi, Valentin Munteanu and Iuliana-Laura Candussi
Nutrients 2022, 14(19), 4161; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14194161 - 7 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3297
Abstract
Pediatric nephrolithiasis cases have been on the rise in the past several years, resulting in increased healthcare costs and other burdens on the juveniles with this ailment. Recent research has shown that present trends in pediatric nephrolithiasis have changed as a result of [...] Read more.
Pediatric nephrolithiasis cases have been on the rise in the past several years, resulting in increased healthcare costs and other burdens on the juveniles with this ailment. Recent research has shown that present trends in pediatric nephrolithiasis have changed as a result of fluid intake, including water consumption, nutrition, obesity prevalence, lifestyle, and imaging procedures. A specific cause, meanwhile, is still elusive. Trends in pediatric nephrolithiasis need to be thoroughly researched. Furthermore, variables specific to pediatric nephrolithiasis that could cause greater difficulties in an affected child elevate the level of worry with cumulative prevalence. Doctors should rigorously assess patients who present with kidney stones when they have dynamics such as varied clinical presentation, high recurrence of kidney stones linked to metabolic and urinary tract problems, and the potential existence of rare genetic kidney stone illnesses. This review aims to identify adaptive risk factors and anomalies that call for specialized treatment and prescription. More specifically, the major goals of medical and surgical treatments are to eliminate kidney stone risk and stop relapse while concurrently lowering interventional barriers. A dedicated nephrolithiasis clinic run by a pediatric nephrologist, nutritionist, urologist, and clinical nurse may sometimes be beneficial for patients in serious danger. Such a clinic offers significant chances to learn more about pediatric nephrolithiasis, which has been linked to water consumption and hence fosters urgently required study in this area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Water and Other Fluids in Nephrolithiasis)
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