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Diet, Nutrition and Lung Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 January 2025) | Viewed by 2226

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Care, Kiryu University, Midori 379-2392, Japan
Interests: lung cancer; COPD; functional foods; functional water; antiaging; immune; nutrients
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The lungs have a very complex structure, and can be treated via surgery or radiation. The primary treatment employed is steroids, but the use of steroids can suppress the immune system and cause pneumonia. Interstitial pneumonia is a general term for diseases in which inflammation occurs in the interstitium of the lungs. Interstitial pneumonia reduces alveolar function, making it difficult to take in oxygen via inhalation, leading to respiratory symptoms such as a shortness of breath and coughing; in severe cases, this can ultimately lead to respiratory failure. At present, no effective treatment has been established; therefore, conservative therapy, primarily represented by symptomatic treatment, is the main treatment. Therefore, we would like propose the application ofnutritional therapy in a new treatment for the lungs. According to a WHO announcement, COPD is said to be the third leading cause of death in the world. Therefore, a nutritional approach to lun treatment is urgently needed. In this Special Issue, we would like to consider the application of nutritional therapy in lung diseases. 

Dr. Satoshi Kawakami
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • interstitial pneumonia
  • COPD
  • improvement
  • nutrition
  • comprehensive approach
  • treatment
  • case
  • lung disease treatment strategy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 2632 KiB  
Article
Glutamine Administration Attenuates Poly(I:C)-Induced Lung Injury by Reducing Neutrophil Infiltration and Activating the TLR-3 Antiviral Pathway
by Li-Han Su, Wen-Chiuan Tsai, Hitoshi Shirakawa, Yu-Ling Tsai, Sung-Ling Yeh and Chiu-Li Yeh
Nutrients 2025, 17(10), 1700; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17101700 - 16 May 2025
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Abstract
Objectives: In this study, we investigated the effects of intravenous glutamine (GLN) administration on the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) antiviral pathway and leukocyte migration in mice with poly(I:C)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Methods: There were four groups in this study: the [...] Read more.
Objectives: In this study, we investigated the effects of intravenous glutamine (GLN) administration on the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) antiviral pathway and leukocyte migration in mice with poly(I:C)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Methods: There were four groups in this study: the NC group, mice without an intratracheal injection; the SH group, mice intratracheally injected with endotoxin-free saline; the PS group, intratracheally instilled with 3 mg poly(I:C)/kg body weight (BW), followed by an intravenous (IV) injection of saline; and the PG group, intratracheally injected with poly(I:C) followed by the IV administration of 0.75 g GLN/kg BW. Mice in the SH, PS, and PG groups were sacrificed at 4, 12, and 24 h after intratracheal instillation. Results: The results showed that poly(I:C) stimulation decreased the plasma GLN concentration and increased inflammatory cytokine levels. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, concentrations of interferon λ3 and percentages of macrophages and M1 macrophages decreased, while neutrophils increased along with significantly elevated myeloperoxidase activity in lung tissues. The gene expressions of molecules related to leukocyte migration increased, whereas tight/adherens junction expressions in endothelial and epithelial cells were reduced. GLN supplementation upregulated the mRNA and/or protein expressions of TLR3 antiviral pathway-related factors and tight/adherens junctions while reducing inflammatory cytokines and the expressions of leukocyte migration molecules. Histological results also showed that lung injury was attenuated. Conclusions: These findings indicated that intravenous GLN administration after poly(I:C) instillation restored plasma GLN levels and alleviated ALI by activating the TLR3 antiviral pathway, suppressing leukocyte migration and neutrophil infiltration, mitigating inflammation, and improving the integrity of the alveolar–capillary barrier. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Nutrition and Lung Health)
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Review

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19 pages, 1493 KiB  
Review
Nutrition, Lifestyle, and Environmental Factors in Lung Homeostasis and Respiratory Health
by Athanasios Pouptsis, Rosa Zaragozá, Elena R. García-Trevijano, Juan R. Viña and Elena Ortiz-Zapater
Nutrients 2025, 17(6), 954; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17060954 - 9 Mar 2025
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Abstract
The lungs play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis by facilitating gas exchange and serving as a structural and immune barrier. External factors, including nutrition, lifestyle, and environmental exposures, profoundly influence normal lung function and contribute to the development, progression, and prognosis of [...] Read more.
The lungs play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis by facilitating gas exchange and serving as a structural and immune barrier. External factors, including nutrition, lifestyle, and environmental exposures, profoundly influence normal lung function and contribute to the development, progression, and prognosis of various respiratory diseases. Deficiencies in key micronutrients, such as vitamins A, D, and C, as well as omega-3 fatty acids, can impair the integrity of the epithelial lining, compromising the lungs’ defense mechanisms and increasing susceptibility to injury and disease. Obesity and physical inactivity further disrupt respiratory function by inducing structural changes in the chest wall and promoting a pro-inflammatory state. Environmental pollutants further worsen oxidative damage and activate inflammatory pathways. Addressing these modifiable factors through interventions such as dietary optimization, physical activity programs, and strategies to reduce environmental exposure offers promising avenues for preserving lung function and preventing disease progression. This review examines the molecular pathways through which nutrition, lifestyle, and environmental influences impact lung homeostasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Nutrition and Lung Health)
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