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Dietary Phytoestrogens and Health
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Dietary Phytoestrogens and Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2023) | Viewed by 15890

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Catherine Bennetau-Pelissero

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Carreire Campus, Sciences and Technology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
2. ARNA, U1212 Inserm, 5320 CNRS, Pharmacy Faculty, 33076 Bordeaux, France
3. Bordeaux Sciences Agro, 33175 Gradignan, France
Interests: phytoestrogens; endocrine disruptors; assay biotechnology; food, health; reproduction; exposure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l’Alimentation, INRAE, Université de Bourgogne-France-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
Interests: endocrine disruptors; toxicology; phytoestrogens

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Phytoestrogens are natural substances from plants or their metabolites, that exhibit estrogenic effects in animals and humans. These effects can be either beneficial or adverse depending on the physiological status of the consumer. Nowadays, to face environmental issues, vegan practices spread in many countries and phytoestrogens that were removed from traditional foodstuffs by ancient cooking practices can now be present in active amounts in modern food. In parallel, knowledge is growing on these substances thank to cellular, animal and clinical studies. Consequently, the beneficial / adverse effect balance seems to move from previous theoretical opinion. Phytoestrogens can be define as substances occurring in human and animal diet at active levels. They induce physiological responses that can sign either positive or negative effects. Therefore, they include lignans, isoflavones, flavanones, prenyl-flavanones, coumestanes, Resorcylic acid lactones … etc. This issue will make a point on the actual research and many aspects will be explored including epigenetic effects in humans.

Prof. Dr. Catherine Bennetau-Pelissero
Dr. Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • phytoestrogens
  • lignans
  • isoflavones
  • coumestans
  • reproduction
  • cancer
  • menopause
  • osteoporosis
  • epigenetics
  • vascular disease
  • diabetes
  • endocrine disruption

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1084 KiB  
Article
A Combination of Soy Isoflavone and L-Carnitine Improves Running Endurance in Mice
by Jaewon Lee, Yoonjoe Joh, Cheoljun Choi, Kyungmin Kim and Yun-Hee Lee
Nutrients 2023, 15(17), 3678; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173678 - 22 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1121
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of APIC, a mixture containing soy isoflavone and L-carnitine on running endurance. Male C57BL/6 mice were orally administered APIC for 8 weeks. The APIC group exhibited a significant increase in treadmill running time until exhaustion [...] Read more.
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of APIC, a mixture containing soy isoflavone and L-carnitine on running endurance. Male C57BL/6 mice were orally administered APIC for 8 weeks. The APIC group exhibited a significant increase in treadmill running time until exhaustion compared to the control group. The respiratory exchange ratio in the APIC group was lower, indicating an enhancement in fatty acid oxidative metabolism. Furthermore, APIC supplementation increased the proportion of oxidative myofibers. Biochemical parameters associated with endurance capacity were also affected by APIC, as evidenced by increased muscle ATP levels and decreased levels of muscle triglycerides and blood lactate. qPCR and immunoblot analysis of C2C12 myotubes and gastrocnemius muscles indicated that APIC treatment stimulated AMPK signaling, mitochondrial biogenesis, and fatty acid metabolism. Additionally, treatment with APIC led to an increased oxygen consumption rate in C2C12 myotubes. Collectively, these findings suggest that APIC supplementation enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, promotes a switch from glycolytic to oxidative fiber types, and improves fatty acid metabolism through the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway in murine skeletal muscle. Ultimately, these effects contribute to the enhancement of running endurance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Phytoestrogens and Health)
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14 pages, 1924 KiB  
Article
Microbial Metabolism of the Soy Isoflavones Daidzein and Genistein in Postmenopausal Women: Human Intervention Study Reveals New Metabotypes
by Sebastian T. Soukup, Ann Katrin Engelbert, Bernhard Watzl, Achim Bub and Sabine E. Kulling
Nutrients 2023, 15(10), 2352; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15102352 - 17 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1562
Abstract
Background: Soy isoflavones belong to the group of phytoestrogens and are associated with beneficial health effects but are also discussed to have adverse effects. Isoflavones are intensively metabolized by the gut microbiota leading to metabolites with altered estrogenic potency. The population is classified [...] Read more.
Background: Soy isoflavones belong to the group of phytoestrogens and are associated with beneficial health effects but are also discussed to have adverse effects. Isoflavones are intensively metabolized by the gut microbiota leading to metabolites with altered estrogenic potency. The population is classified into different isoflavone metabotypes based on individual metabolite profiles. So far, this classification was based on the capacity to metabolize daidzein and did not reflect genistein metabolism. We investigated the microbial metabolite profile of isoflavones considering daidzein and genistein. Methods: Isoflavones and metabolites were quantified in the urine of postmenopausal women receiving a soy isoflavone extract for 12 weeks. Based on these data, women were clustered in different isoflavone metabotypes. Further, the estrogenic potency of these metabotypes was estimated. Results: Based on the excreted urinary amounts of isoflavones and metabolites, the metabolite profiles could be calculated, resulting in 5 metabotypes applying a hierarchical cluster analysis. The metabotypes differed in part strongly regarding their metabolite profile and their estimated estrogenic potency. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Phytoestrogens and Health)
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18 pages, 1017 KiB  
Article
Validation of ELISAs for Isoflavones and Enterolactone for Phytoestrogen Intake Assessment in the French Population
by Souad Bensaada, Isabelle Raymond, Isabelle Pellegrin, Jean-François Viallard and Catherine Bennetau-Pelissero
Nutrients 2023, 15(4), 967; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15040967 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1017
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are dietary compounds with low estrogenic activity. The two main categories in the French diet are isoflavones from pulses and enterolignans metabolized by the gut flora from various lignans found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and beverages. Isoflavones and lignans have different effects [...] Read more.
Phytoestrogens are dietary compounds with low estrogenic activity. The two main categories in the French diet are isoflavones from pulses and enterolignans metabolized by the gut flora from various lignans found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and beverages. Isoflavones and lignans have different effects on human physiology and can antagonize each other. Comprehensive lists of phytoestrogen sources were constructed based on measurements and literature data. The 24 h and 48 h dietary recalls were proposed to the volunteers of the ISOLED cohort (NCT03421184). Urine and plasma samples from these volunteers were assayed for genistein, daidzein, equol, and enterolactone. A dietary score was constructed considering the pharmacokinetic characteristics of these compounds. Correlation analyses were applied to fluid concentrations associated with dietary scores. Pearson correlations reached 0.921 (p < 0.001) for urineIF, 0.900 (p < 0.001) for plasmaIF, 0.764 (p < 0.001) for urineENL, and 0.723 (p < 0.001) for plasmaENL. ELISAs associated with careful intake assessments proved to be good tools for phytoestrogens’ exposure estimation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Phytoestrogens and Health)
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12 pages, 3803 KiB  
Article
Protective Effects of Coumestrol on Metabolic Dysfunction and Its Estrogen Receptor-Mediated Action in Ovariectomized Mice
by Song Park, Kyu-Sang Sim, Wan Heo and Jun-Ho Kim
Nutrients 2023, 15(4), 954; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15040954 - 14 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1769
Abstract
Coumestrol, a phytoestrogen compound found in various plants, has been shown to act as a potent estrogen receptor (ER) agonist, with a higher binding affinity for ERβ than for ERα. However, there is currently limited information regarding its beneficial effects in postmenopausal disorders [...] Read more.
Coumestrol, a phytoestrogen compound found in various plants, has been shown to act as a potent estrogen receptor (ER) agonist, with a higher binding affinity for ERβ than for ERα. However, there is currently limited information regarding its beneficial effects in postmenopausal disorders and its ER-mediated mechanisms. Herein, we investigated the effects of coumestrol (subcutaneous or oral treatment) on metabolic dysfunction in ovariectomized (OVX) mice fed a high-fat diet, in comparison with the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) replacement. Coumestrol was administered daily at a dose of 5 mg/kg for 10 weeks. Coumestrol treatment through the subcutaneous route stimulated uterine growth in OVX mice at a level lower than that of E2. E2 and coumestrol prevented body fat accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, and hepatic steatosis, and enhanced voluntary physical activity. Coumestrol showed estrogen-mimetic effects in the regulation of the protein expressions involved in browning of white fat and insulin signaling, including increased hepatic expression of fibroblast growth factor 21. Importantly, the metabolic effects of coumestrol (oral administration at 10 mg/kg for 7 weeks) were mostly abolished following co-treatment with an ERβ-selective antagonist but not with an ERα-selective antagonist, indicating that the metabolic actions of coumestrol in OVX mice are primarily mediated by ERβ. These findings provide important insights into the beneficial effects of coumestrol as a phytoestrogen supplement for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal symptoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Phytoestrogens and Health)
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17 pages, 615 KiB  
Article
Development of an Assay for Soy Isoflavones in Women’s Hair
by Souad Bensaada, Isabelle Raymond, Malena Breton, Isabelle Pellegrin, Jean-François Viallard and Catherine Bennetau-Pelissero
Nutrients 2022, 14(17), 3619; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173619 - 01 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1590
Abstract
Soy isoflavones, at adequate dosages, have estrogenic and anti-thyroidal effects in animals and humans, which can either be beneficial or adverse, depending on the consumer’s physiological status. Hence, this study presents an assay of soy isoflavones in hair, aiming to give new information [...] Read more.
Soy isoflavones, at adequate dosages, have estrogenic and anti-thyroidal effects in animals and humans, which can either be beneficial or adverse, depending on the consumer’s physiological status. Hence, this study presents an assay of soy isoflavones in hair, aiming to give new information about a person’s exposure to isoflavones, when health issues related to estrogenic or thyroidal effects are observed. Aqueous or organic extraction procedures following acidic, basic, or enzymatic digestions were tested on 60 hair samples (from volunteers) from a hairdresser, and a clinical trial 2017T2-29. The acidic digestion method was the most efficient regarding isoflavones. A specific inquiry was developed to assess the dietary habits of French consumers based on the analysis of 12,707 food labels from France. It was used to check for the reliability of the new assay method. A score for the consumer exposures to isoflavones was built considering, among other parameters, soy-based diets and foodstuff containing soy as an ingredient, i.e., “hidden-soy”. The correlation between this score and isoflavone measurements in hair reached 0.947; p < 0.001. Therefore, providing that relevant data are considered to assess isoflavone exposure, hair that smoothens daily isoflavone intake variations, is a relevant tissue to assess human isoflavone exposure for subsequent health analyses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Phytoestrogens and Health)
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Review

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44 pages, 2374 KiB  
Review
Phytoestrogens and Health Effects
by Marie-Chantal Canivenc-Lavier and Catherine Bennetau-Pelissero
Nutrients 2023, 15(2), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15020317 - 09 Jan 2023
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 8010
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are literally estrogenic substances of plant origin. Although these substances are useful for plants in many aspects, their estrogenic properties are essentially relevant to their predators. As such, phytoestrogens can be considered to be substances potentially dedicated to plant–predator interaction. Therefore, it [...] Read more.
Phytoestrogens are literally estrogenic substances of plant origin. Although these substances are useful for plants in many aspects, their estrogenic properties are essentially relevant to their predators. As such, phytoestrogens can be considered to be substances potentially dedicated to plant–predator interaction. Therefore, it is not surprising to note that the word phytoestrogen comes from the early discovery of estrogenic effects in grazing animals and humans. Here, several compounds whose activities have been discovered at nutritional concentrations in animals and humans are examined. The substances analyzed belong to several chemical families, i.e., the flavanones, the coumestans, the resorcylic acid lactones, the isoflavones, and the enterolignans. Following their definition and the evocation of their role in plants, their metabolic transformations and bioavailabilities are discussed. A point is then made regarding their health effects, which can either be beneficial or adverse depending on the subject studied, the sex, the age, and the physiological status. Toxicological information is given based on official data. The effects are first presented in humans. Animal models are evoked when no data are available in humans. The effects are presented with a constant reference to doses and plausible exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Phytoestrogens and Health)
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