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Nutrients
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Nutritional Intervention in the Intensive Care Unit: New Advances
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Nutritional Intervention in the Intensive Care Unit: New Advances

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2025 | Viewed by 578

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mara Leimanis Laurens

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Corewell Health Helen DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
2. Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Interests: translational research; novel predictive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers; metabolomics; medical outcomes; vulnerable populations; nutrition; critical illness; pediatrics; psychosocial issues; health equity; social determinants of health; critical care
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, entitled "Nutritional Intervention in the Intensive Care Unit: New Advances", within the section Clinical Nutrition, aims to provide an overview of the field of nutritional therapies in critical care. 

This Special Issue welcomes articles that address topics such as probiotics, prebiotics, vitamins and minerals, dietary supplements, essential nutrients, food as medicine, food and the microbiome, diet and dietary patterns, malnutrition, failure to thrive, human milk and medical outcomes. In addition, various study designs (prospective or observation studies) will be considered. This Special Issue aligns with the landscape of clinical nutrition at the national level, particularly as the NIH’s plan to consider whole-person health is a current priority; this also includes mindful eating and the psychological and behavioral aspects of nutrition. 

Dr. Mara Leimanis Laurens
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diet
  • critical care
  • nutrition support
  • calories
  • protein
  • malnutrition
  • failure to thrive
  • enteral nutrition
  • parenteral nutrition
  • oral nutrition
  • complex medical
  • ECMO
  • MODS
  • social determinants of health
  • medical outcomes

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 607 KiB  
Article
Energy Expenditure in Critically Ill Obese Patients—A Prospective Observational Study
by Geraldine de Heer, Christoph Burdelski, Constantin Ammon, Anna Leonie Doliwa, Pascal Hilbert, Stefan Kluge and Jörn Grensemann
Nutrients 2025, 17(13), 2060; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17132060 - 20 Jun 2025
Viewed by 314
Abstract
Introduction: In critically ill obese patients, both overfeeding and underfeeding have been associated with worsened outcomes, especially in mechanically ventilated patients. While indirect calorimetry (IC) is recommended to measure energy expenditure (EE), it is not widely available, and predictive formulas often lack accuracy. [...] Read more.
Introduction: In critically ill obese patients, both overfeeding and underfeeding have been associated with worsened outcomes, especially in mechanically ventilated patients. While indirect calorimetry (IC) is recommended to measure energy expenditure (EE), it is not widely available, and predictive formulas often lack accuracy. This study aimed to assess EE in critically ill obese patients and compare it with septic, non-obese patients as controls using IC. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, with 116 intensive care beds. EE was measured using IC at three timepoints: day 2–3 (acute phase), day 5–7 (end of acute phase), and day 10–15 (post-acute phase). Different reference weights were used to calculate EE, including ideal body weight (IBW), adjusted body weight (ABW), and total body weight (TBW). Nitrogen balance was also assessed to evaluate protein requirements. Results: We included 50 patients (28 obese and 22 controls). Equivalence between groups was found when ABW was calculated using 18% of excess body weight (EBW) at a mean of 24.4 kcal/kg/d for both groups. EE at the respective timepoints was 24.0 (95% confidence intervals: 22.1; 25.9), 24.2 (22.0; 26.5), 25.1 (21.4; 28.8) in obese and 24.9 (22.7; 27.0), 23.2 (20.7; 25.6), and 25.3 (21.8; 28.7) kcal/kg/d in control patients. Both groups exhibited a negative nitrogen balance, with the control group achieving nitrogen equilibrium by the post-acute phase. Conclusions: This study supports the ESPEN recommendation to base nutrition on ABW with 20% of EBW in obese critically ill patients when IC is unavailable. Further research is needed to determine optimal protein supplementation strategies and their timing to improve outcomes in this patient population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Intervention in the Intensive Care Unit: New Advances)
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