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Diet Intake, Nutritional Status and Respiratory Infections

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (4 June 2023) | Viewed by 2101

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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
Interests: children; allergy; asthma
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Respiratory tract infections place a substantial burden on human health and healthcare systems globally. Lower respiratory tract infections are among the leading causes of hospitalization and death in people of all ages. Knowledge of potentially modifiable risk factors for these infections would be of crucial importance, as it may inform public health strategies for reducing the impact of these infectious diseases in both children and adults.

Diet and nutrition are known modifiable factors implicated in immunity and infectious disease acquisition and severity. Early-life nutrition has been associated with a lower risk of asthma and respiratory infections through its impact on the immune system. Early-life nutrition also has an impact on gut microbiota composition and development, which can modulate immune responses. Finally, there is a growing body of literature on the potential role of micronutrients and nutraceuticals in the susceptibility to respiratory infections. 

This Special Issue aims to provide cutting-edge information on the new developments in this emerging field, as well as reviews on the state of the art of how diet and nutrition can modulate the risk of respiratory infections in children and adults. 

Dr. Pasquale Comberiati
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • diet
  • nutrition
  • nutritional status
  • respiratory infections
  • micronutrients
  • microbiota
  • nutraceuticals
  • breastfeeding

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

17 pages, 728 KiB  
Review
Early-Life Nutrition in Preterm Infants and Risk of Respiratory Infections and Wheezing: A Scoping Review
by Chiara Nava, Anna Di Gallo, Andrea Biuso, Irene Daniele, Gianluca Lista, Pasquale Comberiati, Diego Peroni, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti and Enza D’Auria
Nutrients 2023, 15(13), 3031; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15133031 - 4 Jul 2023
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Abstract
Introduction: Preterm birth is a common early-life event that can lead to long-term consequences. The incidence of wheezing, asthma, and respiratory tract infections is higher in children born prematurely than in the general population. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the [...] Read more.
Introduction: Preterm birth is a common early-life event that can lead to long-term consequences. The incidence of wheezing, asthma, and respiratory tract infections is higher in children born prematurely than in the general population. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the existing literature on the role of early-life nutrition in the later risk of respiratory morbidities. Methods: A scoping review of the literature was performed by searching three online databases. Inclusion criteria were: infants born <37 GWk, comparing human milk versus any other type of milk feeding formulation. Our primary outcomes were wheezing or asthma or respiratory tract infections after discharge. Two authors independently screened the results and extracted study characteristics using a predefined charting form. Results: Nine articles were included (eight cohort studies and one randomized trial). Four studies supported the protective effect of breastfeeding on wheezing or respiratory infections or both. Four studies did not confirm this association. One study confirmed the protective role of breastfeeding only on the subgroup of girls. There was a high heterogeneity among the included studies, in the type of milk feeding, outcomes, and age at follow-up. Conclusions: The current evidence is conflicting. The high heterogeneity and methodological flaws could have influenced the results of the studies. Carefully designed studies are required to define the role of early-life nutrition among preterm infants on their long-term respiratory outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet Intake, Nutritional Status and Respiratory Infections)
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