nutrients-logo

Journal Browser

Journal Browser

The Impact of Physical Activity, Lifestyle, and Nutritional Intake on Children’s Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 February 2026 | Viewed by 2175

Special Issue Editors


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Wielicka 265 St., 30-663 Cracow, Poland
Interests: children; nutrition; pediatrics; child obesity; complementary feeding; diet in diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Institute of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Wielicka 265 St., 30-663 Cracow, Poland
2. University Children’s Hospital in Krakow, Wielicka 265 St., 30-663 Cracow, Poland
Interests: childhood obesity; metabolic syndrome; hypertension; endocrinology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The impact of physical activity, lifestyle, and nutrition on children's health is a rapidly evolving area of research that holds immense potential for improving public health outcomes worldwide. We would like to encourage researchers to publish their works in the following domains.

1. Childhood obesity and related chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular issues, are at historically high levels. Research can help identify the most effective strategies for preventing these conditions through targeted physical activity programs, lifestyle interventions, and improved nutritional practices. By focusing on the early years, we can develop preventive measures that reduce the long-term burden on healthcare systems.

2. Personalized Approaches to Health. Children’s health needs are not one-size-fits-all. Different age groups, socio-economic backgrounds, and genetic predispositions mean that tailored approaches to physical activity and nutrition are critical. Research can help identify which combinations of physical activity, dietary interventions, and lifestyle changes are most effective for diverse populations of children. A deeper understanding of these factors can lead to more personalized and accessible health interventions.

3. The Role of Early Interventions. Early childhood is a critical period for physical, emotional, and cognitive development. Research into how early patterns of activity, diet, and lifestyle impact long-term health outcomes can help design interventions that begin in preschool or even earlier.

4. Long-Term Impacts on Mental and Cognitive Health. While much of the existing research has focused on the physical aspects of children’s health, growing evidence shows that physical activity, nutrition, and lifestyle also play crucial roles in mental health and cognitive development. Investigating the links between diet, exercise, and brain health could uncover powerful ways to enhance learning, reduce behavioral issues, and prevent mental health challenges such as anxiety and depression in children.

5. Environmental and Social Influences. Children’s health behaviors are shaped not only by individual choices but also by their environment—school policies, community infrastructure, family dynamics, and socioeconomic factors. Research is needed to better understand how these external factors influence physical activity levels, eating habits, and overall lifestyle. Identifying ways to create healthier environments for children can lead to more effective public health policies, such as better school nutrition programs, safer places for physical activity, and more community-based health initiatives.

6. Innovations in Technology and Monitoring. Advances in technology, such as wearable fitness trackers, mobile apps, and online platforms, provide new opportunities to track children’s physical activity and nutritional intake in real-time. Research into how these technologies can be integrated into daily routines to improve health outcomes could lead to more interactive and engaging ways for children to manage their health. It could also offer parents, educators, and healthcare providers valuable insights into children’s habits and progress.

Research into the relationships between physical activity, lifestyle choices, and nutrition in children is critical for addressing the growing health challenges facing today's youth. It can lead to more effective prevention strategies, improved health interventions, and better-informed public health policies.

Dr. Agnieszka Kozioł-Kozakowska
Prof. Dr. Malgorzata Wojcik
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • public health
  • diet prevention and therapy
  • nutrition
  • infants
  • toddlers
  • adolescent
  • nutritional education
  • diet-related diseases
  • obesity
 

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review, Other

18 pages, 298 KiB  
Article
Discretionary Food Consumption Patterns of Polish Schoolchildren in Relation to Anthropometric, Socio-Demographic, and Lifestyle Factors: Report from the Junior-Edu-Żywienie (JEŻ) Project
by Małgorzata Ewa Drywień, Jadwiga Hamulka, Ewa Czarniecka-Skubina, Jerzy Gębski, Małgorzata Kostecka and Krystyna Gutkowska
Nutrients 2025, 17(8), 1378; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17081378 - 19 Apr 2025
Viewed by 601
Abstract
Background: Discretionary foods are not necessary for a healthy diet and are too high in saturated fat and/or added sugars, added salt, or alcohol and are low in fiber. The aim of this study was to identify patterns of discretionary food (DF) consumption [...] Read more.
Background: Discretionary foods are not necessary for a healthy diet and are too high in saturated fat and/or added sugars, added salt, or alcohol and are low in fiber. The aim of this study was to identify patterns of discretionary food (DF) consumption in Polish adolescents in relation to anthropometric, socio-demographic, and lifestyle factors. It is important to learn about discretionary food consumption habits to identify health risks and plan strategies to reduce DF consumption. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 2849 primary school students aged 10–12 from Poland. Socio-demographic data, eating habits, lifestyle factors, and nutritional knowledge of children were assessed using questionnaires: KomPAN® and SF-FFQ4PolishChildren®. Body composition testing was performed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) using a TANITA MC-780 S MA multi-frequency segmented analyzer. Results: Four dietary patterns were identified with different frequencies of discretionary food consumption: LowDF, MediumDF, HighDF, and HighSweet pattern. Children from the LowDF and MediumDF patterns had higher BMI and body fat content than children from the HighDF and HighSweets patterns (p < 0.0001). The majority of children (68.4%) were of normal weight, 22.3% were overweight or obese, and 9.4% were underweight. Children in the LowDF and MediumDF patterns had higher body fat (24% and 23.5%, respectively) than children in the HighDF and HighSweetDF patterns (22.4% and 22.4%, respectively). Most of the children showed adherence to the MediumDF pattern, and they were mainly boys (38 vs. 32.5%). Girls predominate in LowDF, HighDF, and HighSweets patterns (33.5, 18.4, and 15.5%, respectively). Children in the LowDF and MediumDF patterns tended to be more physically active in their leisure time (OR = 1.758 (CI:1.32 2.34) p < 0.0001; OR = 1.354 (CI:1.04; 1.76) p = 0.0227) and the opposite relationship was observed in the HighDF pattern (OR = 0.495 (CI:0.38; 0.65) p < 0.0001). Children in the HighSweets pattern had low adherence to high physical activity (OR = 0.666 (CI:0.48; 0.92) p = 0.0132), but high adherence to moderate (OR = 1.29 (CI:1.01; 1.65) p = 0.0443) and high (OR = 1.54 (CI:1.04; 2.38) p = 0.0428) nutrition knowledge. Conclusions: Consumption of discretionary foods by Polish adolescents is related to body composition, socio-demographic, and lifestyle factors. Given the global emphasis on improving the daily diet, it seems necessary to implement intervention programs in Poland that would, among other things, clarify recommendations for the consumption of discretionary foods, following the example of other countries that have already achieved results in this regard. From a public health perspective, interventions to increase nutritional knowledge and improve lifestyles should be implemented with both adolescents and their parents in coordination with the school. Full article
Show Figures

Graphical abstract

Review

Jump to: Research, Other

19 pages, 841 KiB  
Review
Teenagers with Obesity at the Gym: Recommendations for Physical Activity, Diet, and Supplementation—A Narrative Review
by Agnieszka Kozioł-Kozakowska, Małgorzata Wójcik, Paulina Mazur-Kurach, Dorota Drożdż and Anna Brzęk
Nutrients 2025, 17(11), 1798; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17111798 - 26 May 2025
Viewed by 758
Abstract
Child and adolescent obesity represents a growing public health crisis, with profound implications for physical and mental well-being. Despite the well-established benefits of physical activity, over 80% of adolescents fail to meet the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommendations for daily exercise. This manuscript [...] Read more.
Child and adolescent obesity represents a growing public health crisis, with profound implications for physical and mental well-being. Despite the well-established benefits of physical activity, over 80% of adolescents fail to meet the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommendations for daily exercise. This manuscript explores gym-based strength training as a tailored intervention for obese youth who often struggle with aerobic activities. This paper critically examines medical eligibility, safety protocols, and injury risks while also detailing personalized training regimens that prioritize neuromuscular adaptation, functional strength, and long-term engagement. Additionally, it integrates evidence-based dietary strategies and supplementation practices appropriate for this age group, highlighting the role of the Mediterranean diet, DASH, and the cautious use of supplementation, particularly probiotics and protein, while discouraging performance-enhancing substances in youth. Emphasis is placed on interdisciplinary approaches, combining exercise, nutrition, and medical oversight to support holistic treatment. This study identifies gaps in the current literature and provides practical recommendations for designing safe, effective, and sustainable gym-based interventions for children with obesity, encouraging further research to validate these protocols in clinical settings. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and EBSCO, focusing on English-language meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized clinical trials, and observational studies. The websites of prominent scientific organizations such as WHO, APP, and AIS were also reviewed. The selection of articles was a collaborative effort among all authors. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Other

Jump to: Research, Review

25 pages, 617 KiB  
Systematic Review
Analysis of Blame, Guilt, and Shame Related to Body and Body Weight and Their Relationship with the Context of Psychological Functioning Among the Pediatric Population with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review
by Kamila Czepczor-Bernat, Marcela Mikulska and Paweł Matusik
Nutrients 2025, 17(11), 1763; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17111763 - 23 May 2025
Viewed by 387
Abstract
Background/Objectives: There is scientific evidence showing that body- and/or body weight-related blaming, guilting, and shaming continue to be both promoted and tolerated in many societal contexts, including schools and healthcare settings. A deeply ingrained belief still prevails among many individuals that inducing these [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: There is scientific evidence showing that body- and/or body weight-related blaming, guilting, and shaming continue to be both promoted and tolerated in many societal contexts, including schools and healthcare settings. A deeply ingrained belief still prevails among many individuals that inducing these negative emotions can serve as a motivator for children and adolescents to engage in obesity treatment. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to examine these emotions (blame, guilt, shame) in relation to body weight and their impact on psychological functioning within the pediatric population affected by overweight and obesity. Methods: Articles were searched up using PubMed and Web of Science in June 2023 and March 2025. The search was conducted without limiting the years of publication. The inclusion criteria included the following: (1) pediatric samples, (2) full text available, and (3) original research articles. Articles were excluded if they were editorials, letters, replies from authors, review articles, and articles without a full text. Results: The initial search returned 199 results. A total of 16 articles were included in the study. Analysis of the collected records revealed associations between body- or weight-related blame, guilt, and shame and various aspects of psychological functioning in the pediatric population such as (a) interpersonal context (e.g., social stigma, bullying, teasing history, social connectedness, weight-related language used by parents in conversations with children and adolescents; (b) intrapsychic context—relationship with eating and food (e.g., binge eating, dietary restraint, emotional eating, and the risk of developing eating disorders); (c) intrapsychic context—self-perception (e.g., self-esteem, feelings of worthlessness, self-compassion, self-efficacy, perceived control); (d) intrapsychic context—emotional functioning (e.g., emotional distress, anxiety, depression, emotion regulation strategies); and (e) intrapsychic context—additional psychological factors (e.g., mindfulness, quality of life, willingness to seek help, and motivation for both help-seeking and sustaining successful lifestyle changes). Conclusions: Understanding the dynamics of body- and/or weight-related blame, guilt, and shame among children and adolescents with overweight and obesity is essential for developing effective support systems that enhance their well-being and psychological resilience in both the prevention and treatment of obesity. Further research is needed to explore the relationships between body- and weight-related blame, guilt, and shame and psychological functioning in pediatric populations with overweight and obesity, including the dynamics of child–parent–healthcare provider interactions, the context of parenting skills and attitudes that support the child during obesity treatment, the long-term consequences of body- and weight-related blame, guilt, and shame, the relationship between healthcare providers’ tendencies to engage in body- and weight-related shaming or blaming and their communication skills and mental well-being (e.g., levels of professional burnout, emotion regulation skills, and personality traits), as well as the influence of social media on body- and weight-related shame, guilt, and blame. Full article
Show Figures

Figure 1

Back to TopTop