Hydrodynamics and Gas Dispersion in Flotation

Dear Colleagues,

Flotation is a complex process for mineral beneficiation that involves the formation of particle–bubble aggregates in a liquid medium. These aggregates are the result of collisions between rising bubbles and suspended particles, and the respective attachment of hydrophobic or hydrophobized mineral particles. Satisfactory flotation performances are strongly dependent on the generation of large interfacial areas in the pulp zone by dispersing gas into a population of small bubbles. Machine hydrodynamics are also crucial to favor particle–bubble collisions and aggregate stabilities. Bubble size and gas holdup measurements have allowed the effects of gas flowrate on flotation kinetics and metallurgical performance to be better understood. Thus, the adequate selection of frothers and the presence of inorganic salts have proved to have significant effects on flotation responses. Machine designs and their impacts on cell/column hydrodynamics have been critical for the beneficiation of difficult-to-float minerals. In this regard, continuous developments have been made to improve the trade-off between particle–bubble attachment and aggregate stability in flotation systems subject to a wide range of particle sizes and liberations.

Hydrodynamics and gas dispersion measurements have been successfully carried out to diagnose the operation and assess the performance of laboratory and industrial flotation units. However, their use for improving metallurgical indexes and machine operations have not been routinely applied in flotation practice.

The aim of this Special Issue is to invite contributions from a group of experts to present the latest results and recent advancements in the following areas:

• Gas dispersion characterization, including bubble size, superficial gas rate and gas holdup measurements, and the interactions between these variables.
• Every relevant topic on the formation and break-up of particle–bubble aggregates, such as single bubble and bubble swarm hydrodynamics, collection efficiencies, and mixing.
• Effects of frothers and inorganic salts on flotation hydrodynamics and gas dispersion.
• Effect of gas dispersion and machine hydrodynamics on metallurgical performances in laboratory and industrial flotation systems.

Dr. Luis Vinnett
Dr. Cesar O. Gomez
Guest Editors

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