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Elements in Food: Detection, Bioaccessibility and Food Fortification
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Elements in Food: Detection, Bioaccessibility and Food Fortification

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Quality and Safety".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2024) | Viewed by 8849

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Béla Kovács

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Agriculture, Food Science and Environmental Management Institute of Food Science, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
Interests: bio-chemistry; spectroscopy; ICP-MS; ICP-OES; food chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kshirod K. Dash

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Food Processing Technology, Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering & Technology (GKCIET), Malda, India
Interests: food process engineering; super-critical extraction; bioactive ingredients extraction; food chemistry; bio-chemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prof. Bela and Prof. Dash invite researchers and experts in the fields of food science, nutrition, chemistry, and biochemistry to contribute to this Special Issue, entitled "Elements in Food: Detection, Bioaccessibility and Food Fortification". This Special Issue aims to explore the various aspects of elements present in food, including their detection, bioaccessibility, and the strategies for food fortification to address nutritional deficiencies.

This Special Issue welcomes original research papers, review articles, and methodological studies covering, but not limited to, the following topics:

Elemental Analysis Techniques: novel methods for the accurate detection and quantification of essential and toxic elements in various food matrices.

Bioaccessibility Studies: investigations on the bioavailability and bioaccessibility of elements in different food sources and their implications on human health.

Nutritional Impact: studies highlighting the role of elements in food and their impact on human nutrition and well-being.

Food Fortification Strategies: research on the development and assessment of fortified foods to combat micronutrient deficiencies and improve public health.

Toxicity and Safety: assessments of potential hazards associated with excessive intake of certain elements in food and strategies to mitigate risks.

Dietary Guidelines: contributions discussing the incorporation of elemental components in dietary guidelines and recommendations.

Prof. Dr. Béla Kovács
Dr. Kshirod K. Dash
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • food chemistry
  • biochemistry
  • speciation
  • ICP-MS
  • ICP-OES
  • spectroscopy
  • element analysis
  • extraction
  • bioavailability

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1380 KiB  
Article
Influence of Foliar Zinc Application on Cadmium and Zinc Bioaccessibility in Brassica chinensis L.: In Vitro Digestion and Chemical Sequential Extraction
by Lin Wang, Xueying Tao, Chang Liu, Xuefeng Liang, Yingming Xu and Yuebing Sun
Foods 2024, 13(15), 2430; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13152430 - 1 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1504
Abstract
Foliar zinc (Zn) application can affect the accumulation and bioaccessibility of cadmium (Cd) and Zn in crops. However, the mechanisms by which foliar Zn application influences Cd and Zn bioaccessibility remain elusive. This study examined the effects of spraying ZnSO4 and ZnNa [...] Read more.
Foliar zinc (Zn) application can affect the accumulation and bioaccessibility of cadmium (Cd) and Zn in crops. However, the mechanisms by which foliar Zn application influences Cd and Zn bioaccessibility remain elusive. This study examined the effects of spraying ZnSO4 and ZnNa2EDTA on bioaccessibility and chemical forms of Cd and Zn in pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) shoots and evaluated human health risks via pakchoi consumption. Spraying ZnSO4 reduced the concentrations of ethanol-extractable (Fethanol) and deionized water-extractable (Fd-H2O) Cd, as well as the corresponding bioaccessible Cd concentrations (20.3–66.4%) and attendant health risks of Cd, whereas spraying high-dose ZnNa2EDTA significantly increased the concentrations of both Cd forms and bioaccessible Cd. Spraying ZnSO4 and high-dose ZnNa2EDTA significantly increased the concentrations of Zn in Fethanol and Fd-H2O and the corresponding bioaccessible Zn concentrations (0.8–8.3-fold). Fethanol and Fd-H2O were the primary sources of bioaccessible Cd and Zn, contributing more than 59% of the bioaccessible Cd and Zn. These results indicate that foliar Zn application can affect Cd and Zn bioaccessibility in pakchoi mainly by modulating Cd and Zn in Fethanol and Fd-H2O. These findings provide scientific support for the development of more efficient measures to produce safe and high-quality leafy vegetables from Cd-polluted soils. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Elements in Food: Detection, Bioaccessibility and Food Fortification)
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14 pages, 3384 KiB  
Article
Major and Trace Elements of Baobab Leaves in Different Habitats and Regions in Sudan: Implication for Human Dietary Needs and Overall Health
by Abdelhakam Esmaeil Mohamed Ahmed, Massimo Mozzon, Ali Omer, Ayaz Mukarram Shaikh and Béla Kovács
Foods 2024, 13(12), 1938; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13121938 - 19 Jun 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2147
Abstract
The metabolic needs of the human body and preventing infections require a diet with sufficient amounts of essential nutrients. This study aimed to investigate the importance of Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) dried leaves as a healthy food source by determining the content [...] Read more.
The metabolic needs of the human body and preventing infections require a diet with sufficient amounts of essential nutrients. This study aimed to investigate the importance of Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) dried leaves as a healthy food source by determining the content of macro and trace elements in different habitats and regions. This study was conducted in Sudan and covered three different habitats, wetland (W), plainland (P), and mountain (M), in two regions (Blue Nile and Kordofan). The dry matter (DM) of Baobab leaves was considered for analyzed menials, and the results showed that the mean values were significantly affected by habitats where Baobab trees grew. The highest contents of potassium K (1653 ± 34 mg/100 g) and sodium (Na) 7.67 ± 1.18 mg/100 g were found in the W zone, whereas the highest contents of calcium (Ca) 2903 ± 187 mg/100 g and magnesium (Mg) 529 ± 101 mg/100 g were detected in the M and P zones, respectively. In addition, the two regions showed significant differences in trace and macro elements, i.e., higher levels of iron (Fe) 17.17 ± 2.76 mg/100 g and magnesium (556 ± 55 mg/100 g) were found in the Kordofan region while higher levels of zinc (Zn) 2.548 ± 0.55 mg/100 g and calcium (2689 ± 305 mg/100) were in the Blue Nile region. These varying amounts of elements can be used in our daily diets because of their potentially healthy effects, especially in areas where access to nutrient-rich foods is limited. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Elements in Food: Detection, Bioaccessibility and Food Fortification)
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12 pages, 869 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Assessment of the Bioaccessibility of Zn, Ca, Mg, and Se from Various Types of Nuts
by Justyna Moskwa, Sylwia Katarzyna Naliwajko, Anna Puścion-Jakubik, Jolanta Soroczyńska, Katarzyna Socha, Wojciech Koch and Renata Markiewicz-Żukowska
Foods 2023, 12(24), 4453; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12244453 - 12 Dec 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1715
Abstract
The bioaccessibility of zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and selenium (Se) from various nuts (Brazil nuts, walnuts, peanuts, almonds, cashews, pecans, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, and pistachios) was assessed using a simulated two-phase model of enzymatic digestion in vitro. The levels of Zn, [...] Read more.
The bioaccessibility of zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and selenium (Se) from various nuts (Brazil nuts, walnuts, peanuts, almonds, cashews, pecans, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts, and pistachios) was assessed using a simulated two-phase model of enzymatic digestion in vitro. The levels of Zn, Mg, and Ca were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and Se was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. All tested nuts were good sources of Mg, and most, except macadamia nuts, were also good sources of Zn (the standard portion covers over 15% of NRV–R (UE) 1924/2006). Brazil nuts had the highest Se content. Almonds and Brazil nuts were rich in Ca. Se demonstrated the highest bioaccessibility from nuts (27.7% to 70.65%), whereas Ca exhibited the lowest bioaccessibility (below 9%). Pistachios had the highest Zn bioavailability, while cashews excelled in Mg bioaccessibility. Macadamia and pistachios were top for Ca bioaccessibility, and Brazil nuts for Se. Bioaccessibility is positively correlated with fat (for Zn: r = 0.23), carbohydrates (for Mg: 0.44; for Ca: 0.35), and sugar content (for Zn: r = 0.36; for Mg: 0.46; for Ca: 0.40). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Elements in Food: Detection, Bioaccessibility and Food Fortification)
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12 pages, 722 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Exogenous Cadmium and Zinc Applications on Cadmium, Zinc and Essential Mineral Bioaccessibility in Three Lines of Rice That Differ in Grain Cadmium Accumulation
by Michael Tavarez, Michael A. Grusak and Renuka P. Sankaran
Foods 2023, 12(21), 4026; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12214026 - 4 Nov 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1937
Abstract
Millions of people around the world rely on rice (Oryza sativa) for a significant portion of daily calories, but rice is a relatively poor source of essential micronutrients like iron and zinc. Rice has been shown to accumulate alarmingly high concentrations [...] Read more.
Millions of people around the world rely on rice (Oryza sativa) for a significant portion of daily calories, but rice is a relatively poor source of essential micronutrients like iron and zinc. Rice has been shown to accumulate alarmingly high concentrations of toxic elements, such as cadmium. Cadmium in foods can lead to renal failure, bone mineral density loss, cancer, and significant neurotoxicological effects. Several strategies to limit cadmium and increase micronutrient density in staple food crops like rice have been explored, but even when cadmium concentrations are reduced by a management strategy, total cadmium levels in rice grain are an unreliable means of estimating human health risk because only a fraction of the minerals in grains are bioaccessible. The goal of this work was to assess the influence of cadmium and zinc supplied to plant roots on the bioaccessibility of cadmium and essential minerals from grains of three rice lines (GSOR 310546/low grain Cd, GSOR 311667/medium grain Cd, and GSOR 310428/high grain Cd) that differed in grain cadmium accumulation. Treatments consisted of 0 μM Cd + 2 μM Zn (c0z2), 1 μM Cd + 2 μM Zn (c1z2), or 1 μM Cd + 10 μM Zn (c1z10). Our results revealed that an increased grain cadmium concentration does not always correlate with increased cadmium bioaccessibility. Among the three rice lines tested, Cd bioaccessibility increased from 2.5% in grains from the c1z2 treatment to 17.7% in grains from the c1z10 treatment. Furthermore, Cd bioccessibility in the low-Cd-accumulating line was significantly higher than the high line in c1z10 treatment. Zinc bioaccessibility increased in the high-cadmium-accumulating line when cadmium was elevated in grains, and in the low-cadmium line when both cadmium and zinc were increased in the rice grains. Our results showed that both exogenous cadmium and elevated zinc treatments increased the bioaccessibility of other minerals from grains of the low- or high-grain cadmium lines of rice. Differences in mineral bioaccessibility were dependent on rice line. Calculations also showed that increased cadmium bioaccessibility correlated with increased risk of dietary exposure to consumers. Furthermore, our results suggest that zinc fertilization increased dietary exposure to cadmium in both high and low lines. This information can inform future experiments to analyze genotypic effects of mineral bioavailability from rice, with the goal of reducing cadmium absorption while simultaneously increasing zinc absorption from rice grains. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Elements in Food: Detection, Bioaccessibility and Food Fortification)
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