Lung Cancer: Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutic Approaches

Dear Colleagues,

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, posing significant challenges in early detection, accurate diagnosis, and effective treatment. This heterogeneous disease encompasses two main subtypes—non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC)—each with distinct molecular profiles, pathological features, and therapeutic responses. Despite advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapy, drug resistance, tumor heterogeneity, and late-stage diagnosis continue to limit patient outcomes.

Recent breakthroughs in molecular diagnostics, artificial intelligence-driven imaging analysis, liquid biopsy technologies, and multi-omics approaches are revolutionizing our understanding of lung cancer pathophysiology. These innovations enable precise molecular subtyping, early detection of minimal residual disease, and identification of novel therapeutic vulnerabilities. Concurrently, emerging treatment modalities—including next-generation targeted agents, combination immunotherapy strategies, tumor vaccines, and personalized medicine approaches—are reshaping the therapeutic landscape.

This Special Issue aims to bridge cutting-edge research with clinical practice by bringing together oncologists, pathologists, molecular biologists, and translational researchers. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, we seek to accelerate the development of innovative diagnostic tools and precision therapeutics, ultimately improving survival and quality of life for lung cancer patients.

Dr. Francesca Colonese
Guest Editor

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