Physics, Volume 8, Issue 1

The paper investigates the structural properties of self-gravitating fluid spheres composed of a dilute, homogeneous, and ultracold Bose gas, assuming repulsive, short-range interactions. For the first time, the Lee–Huang–Yang (LHY) corre...

The turning point that sparked the initiation of quantum theory was the Planck–Einstein postulate that the energy of a monochromatic radiation field is quantized in terms of photons, and this was followed by the development of the principles of...

The paper develops a coarse-grained framework for computing mean extinction times in multi-metastable systems modeled as one-step continuous-time Markov chains with an absorbing state. At the microscopic level, backward equations on finite corridors...

We investigate a possible resolution of the dark energy problem within a pair-universe framework, in which the universe emerges as an entangled pair of time-reversed sectors. In this setting, a global zero-energy condition allows vacuum energy contri...

The problem of controlling plasma is one of the most essential challenges in the creation of experimental facilities for thermonuclear fusion. In this study, a mathematical model of a two-component Vlasov–Poisson plasma is used to study the sta...

As is known, the standard cosmological model ($\mathsf{\Lambda }$CDM ) demonstrates reasonable agreement with observations of the large-scale structure of the Universe. However, the model shows significant differences between observations of individual galaxies...

This review serves as a conceptual and practical introduction to strong-field quantum electrodynamics (SFQED), written from the standpoint of experimental physicists. Rather than providing a comprehensive theoretical review, the paper focuses on the...

We investigate cosmological scenarios in a spatially flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) universe containing Ricci-type holographic dark energy within the framework of general relativity. The cosmic fluid is compos...

Magnetic fields, either imposed externally or produced spontaneously, are often present in laser-driven high-energy-density systems. In addition to changing plasma conditions, magnetic fields also directly modify laser–plasma interactions (LPI)...

We discuss the geometry behind the classical Heisenberg model at the level suitable for third- or fourth-year students who did not have the opportunity to take a course on differential geometry. The arguments presented here rely solely on elementary...

The quantum dissipative time evolution of a fluxonium under a pulsed field (kicks) is studied numerically and analytically. In the classical limit, the system dynamics is converged to a strange chaotic attractor. The quantum properties of this system...

We systematically investigate semiclassical dynamics of the optical field produced by quantum nanoemitters (NEs) embedded in a periodic lattice of conducting nanorings (NRs), in which plasmon polaritons (PPs) are excited. The coupling between PPs and...

This review explores the foundations of non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics (QED) and its application to atoms and molecules. It follows the traditional route of placing classical electrodynamics in an Hamiltonian framework, followed by Dirac&rs...

We address the spatially nonlocal dielectric functions of graphene at any frequency derived starting from the first principles of thermal quantum field theory using the formalism of the polarization tensor. After a brief review of this formalism, the...

Partially ionized plasma physics has attracted increased attention recently due to numerous technological applications made possible by the increased sophistication of computer modelling, the depth of the theoretical analysis, and the technological a...

Polynomial exact solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations for describing micropolar incompressible fluid flows with energy dissipation are reported. The transformation of mechanical energy into thermal energy is taken into account. The heat equ...

We investigate time-resolved wave-packet transport in monolayer graphene patterned with asymmetric arrays of circular electrostatic scatterers. Using the Dirac continuum model with a split-operator scheme, we track how transmission evolves with scatt...

We compare two different approaches to turbulence: the kinetic theory of solitons and the kinetic theory of quasi-particles. Using the same model equation as the starting point of both descriptions, we compare their properties, advantages, and limita...

We employ a two-dimensional fluid simulation approach to study the nonlinear turbulent dynamics of internal gravity waves (IGWs) in the weakly ionized Earth’s ionospheric F-layer with the effects of Pedersen conductivity. We observe that the pr...

Models for dual cascades in power-spectra for fully three-dimensional (3D) incompressible turbulence are reviewed and summarized. Special attention is given to analyses where the basic equations for 3D incompressible flows are expanded in terms of th...

We show how a source-aware fluid closure framework for turbulent transport performs well on the confinement timescale in magnetically confined plasmas. A central result is that whether a source is resonant with the turbulence determines which fluid m...

We present a brief review of a nontraditional but significant application for a high-temperature charged plasma. The unorthodox proposition was made by Barry Ninham concerning a contribution from Casimir forces across high-temperature electron–...

Laser-induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS), known as an express analysis technique, is for the first time applied in this study for determining selenium in soil. Modern agriculture requires elemental analysis methods to perform the continuous automa...

We analyze shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) and their completions for the quantum harmonic oscillator (QHO) with time-dependent frequency, as well as for quantum field theory (QFT) in non-stationary backgrounds. We exploit the analogy with one-dimensi...

We present two complementary approaches to the Gorini–Kossakowski–Sudarshan–Lindblad equation for an open qubit. First, based on linearity, yields solutions illustrated by mixed-state trajectories in the Bloch ball, including non-ra...

The Spanish conquest of the Inca empire in the early 16th century stands as one of the most striking examples of asymmetric historical collapse. In this paper, a simplified mathematical formulation is developed being inspired by Lotka–Volterra...

Polyurea, a novel spray-applied composite polymer, is of high application importance for rapid roadway support in coal mines. The current study investigates the dynamic process and mechanisms governing the impact and spreading of polyurea droplets on...

We present the effective optical potential describing the interaction between an electron and a neon atom in a dense plasma. This potential accounts not only for the screening effect but also for the quantum non-locality and electronic correlation ef...

The environmental pollution caused by emerging organic contaminants—such as ibuprofen—is becoming increasingly a cause for alarm. New treatments for their removal are currently being developed, but the nature and toxicity of the transform...

First-principles calculations of the structural and magnetic properties of kotoite Ni₂Co(BO₃)₂ are carried out. The minimization of the lattice parameters shows the values to be in good agreement with the experimental data (the difference is less tha...

The cosmological constant (CC, $\Lambda$) problem stands as one of the most profound puzzles in the theory of gravity, representing a remarkable discrepancy of about 120 orders of magnitude between the observed value of dark energy and its natural exp...

We consider a model problem of polarization-dependent light bending and time delays in the vicinity of neutron stars endowed with magnetar-strength magnetic fields (B∼${10}^{15}\mathrm{G}$), combining an effective-metric formulation of Heisenberg–Euler non...