Quantum Theory 100 Years Later: Advances on Foundations and Applications

A special issue of Physics (ISSN 2624-8174). This special issue belongs to the section "Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 2012

Special Issue Editors


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Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
Interests: electrodynamics in continuous media; Casimir effect; cosmology; fluid dynamics
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1. Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via Archirafi 36, I-90123 Palermo, Italy
2. INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 44, I-95123 Catania, Italy
Interests: casimir physics; quantum electrodynamics; quantum fluctuations; radiative processes in static and dynamical structured environments; quantum field theory in accelerated frames and in a curved space-time; PT symmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians in quantum mechanics; quantum optomechanics; resonances and dressed unstable states; microscopic origin of time asymmetry in quantum physics; cosmological axions and dark matter
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7486, USA
Interests: long-range intermolecular forces; single- and multi-photon absorption and emission processes; molecular chirality

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Quantum mechanics has been one of the two major revolutions in physics of the XXth century, the other being special and general relativity theory. Its conceptual development has mainly been during the first three decades of that century. Quantum theory gave rise to a new paradigm about the very basic description of the microscopic world and of its reality, yielding the necessity of a completely new way of describing it, often at variance with our experience of the macroscopic world.

Despite around a century since its formal development, and of its exceptional success in explaining the microscopic physical world, several conceptual and fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics are still unclear and the subject of intense debate. These fundamental aspects are currently a very active research field, as well as the application of quantum mechanics in several and broad fields of science and technology. 

Many basic and fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics and of its interpretation remain obscure and seemingly contradictory. For example: the problem of measurement, the transition from the microscopic to the macroscopic (classical) world, the meaning of reality in the quantum world, nonlocality and quantum entanglement, the meaning of fundamental physical parameters and the theory of renormalization, and the consistency of quantum mechanics with gravity.

Meanwhile, many open questions are still present in its application at different scales, for example in elementary particle physics, physics beyond the standard model, condensed matter physics, nanoscience and nanotechology, dark matter and dark energy, quantum information, quantum sensing, quantum field theory in non-inertial frames, or in the presence of gravitational fields.

This Special Issue aims at presenting original and review articles on all of these extremely important and actual aspects of quantum mechanics, ranging from the most fundamental level to applications, as well as historical aspects.

Prof. Dr. Iver H. Brevik
Prof. Dr. Roberto Passante
Prof. Dr. Akbar Salam
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • foundations of quantum theory
  • foundations of relativistic quantum theory and quantum field theory
  • measurement theory in quantum mechanics
  • quantum entanglement
  • quantum theory of the matter–field interactions
  • quantum description of fundamental interactions
  • physics beyond the standard model
  • quantum vacuum
  • applications of quantum mechanics
  • quantum sensing
  • quantum information
  • applications of quantum mechanics in nanoscience and nanotechnology
  • history of quantum mechanics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2938 KB  
Article
Measurement Uncertainty and Dense Coding in a Spin-Star Network
by Mina Shiri, Mehrdad Ghominejad, Mohammad Reza Pourkarimi and Saeed Haddadi
Physics 2025, 7(3), 43; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics7030043 - 16 Sep 2025
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Abstract
Measurement uncertainty limits how precisely information can be extracted from quantum systems due to inherent quantum indeterminacy. On the other hand, dense coding capacity quantifies the amount of classical information that can be sent using shared entanglement, thereby enhancing communication efficiency beyond classical [...] Read more.
Measurement uncertainty limits how precisely information can be extracted from quantum systems due to inherent quantum indeterminacy. On the other hand, dense coding capacity quantifies the amount of classical information that can be sent using shared entanglement, thereby enhancing communication efficiency beyond classical limits. In this paper, we investigate these two concepts for a spin-star network under an external magnetic field under a thermal regime, considering both homogeneous and inhomogeneous models. We reveal that under certain conditions, dense coding capacity not only becomes valid but is also optimized, implying that measurement uncertainty is significantly suppressed. Furthermore, we analyze the local quantum uncertainty of the thermal state under the influence of decoherence channels to assess the effectiveness of the approach studied. Full article
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Review

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28 pages, 1643 KB  
Review
Molecular Quantum Electrodynamics: Developments of Principle and Progress in Applications
by David L. Andrews
Physics 2025, 7(4), 49; https://doi.org/10.3390/physics7040049 - 15 Oct 2025
Viewed by 284
Abstract
Molecular quantum electrodynamics is a powerful and effective tool for the representation and elucidation of optical interactions with matter. Its history spans nearly a century of significant advances in its detailed theory and applications, and in its wider appreciation. To fully appreciate the [...] Read more.
Molecular quantum electrodynamics is a powerful and effective tool for the representation and elucidation of optical interactions with matter. Its history spans nearly a century of significant advances in its detailed theory and applications, and in its wider appreciation. To fully appreciate the development of the subject into its modern form invites a perspective on progressive technical progress in the theory, noting a growth in applications that closely mirrors advances in optical experimentation. The challenges and deficiencies of alternative approaches to theory are also taken into consideration. Full article
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