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Stats, Volume 7, Issue 4

2024 December - 27 articles

Cover Story: Reference intervals are indispensable for the interpretation of medical laboratory results to distinguish “normal” from “pathological” values. Indirect methods can be used to estimate the reference intervals from a mixture of normal and pathological values. For some analytes, a significant proportion of the measurements fall below the limit of detection (LOD), such that only the information where they are smaller than the LOD is available. While standard statistical methods for reference interval estimation cannot handle values below the LOD, we propose a quantile- and a maximum likelihood-based estimator to solve this problem. Theoretical analyses, simulation experiments, and real data show that our approach yields good estimates for the reference interval, even when a substantial proportion of values lies below the LOD. View this paper
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Articles (27)

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,393 Views
13 Pages

23 December 2024

This paper explores international tourism regarding Morocco’s leading touristic city Marrakech, and, more precisely, its two prominent public spaces, Jemaa el-Fna and the Medina. Following a web-scraping process of English reviews on TripAdviso...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1,235 Views
14 Pages

20 December 2024

Diverse multivariate statistics are powerful tools for musical analysis. A recent study identified relationships among different versions of the composition Sadhukarn from Thailand, Laos, and Cambodia using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS)...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,793 Views
17 Pages

17 December 2024

Image formation in radio astronomy is often posed as a problem of constructing a nonnegative function from sparse samples of its Fourier transform. We explore an alternative approach that reformulates the problem in terms of estimating the entries of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,099 Views
13 Pages

12 December 2024

While many studies have previously conducted direct comparisons between results obtained from frequentist and Bayesian models, our research introduces a novel perspective by examining these models in the context of a small dataset comprising phonetic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,884 Views
10 Pages

11 December 2024

The logistic additive regression model has been a standard method in modeling nonlinear effects for multivariate analyses of binary outcomes in the generalized additive model (GAM) framework. However, the resultant nonlinear estimate of the smooth fu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,339 Views
19 Pages

6 December 2024

Markov chain transition probability matrices (TPMs) have traditionally been used to characterize land use and land cover (LULC) changes and species succession. However, previous studies relied solely on TPMs or transition area matrices to describe ov...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
2 Citations
8,499 Views
17 Pages

28 November 2024

Child labor remains a predominant issue in Pakistan despite the country’s existing policies and frameworks aimed at abolishing it. Through this study, we investigated the child labor distribution across Sindh and examined the factors that shape...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,567 Views
16 Pages

Article 700 Identification in Judicial Judgments: Comparing Transformers and Machine Learning Models

  • Sid Ali Mahmoudi,
  • Charles Condevaux,
  • Guillaume Zambrano and
  • Stéphane Mussard

26 November 2024

Predictive justice, which involves forecasting trial outcomes, presents significant challenges due to the complex structure of legal judgments. To address this, it is essential to first identify all claims across different categories before attemptin...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1,560 Views
16 Pages

Evaluating Imputation Methods to Improve Prediction Accuracy for an HIV Study in Uganda

  • Nadia B. Mendoza,
  • Chii-Dean Lin,
  • Susan M. Kiene,
  • Nicolas A. Menzies,
  • Rhoda K. Wanyenze,
  • Katherine A. Schmarje,
  • Rose Naigino,
  • Michael Ediau,
  • Seth C. Kalichman and
  • Barbara A. Bailey

24 November 2024

Standard statistical analyses often exclude incomplete observations, which can be particularly problematic when predicting rare outcomes, such as HIV positivity. In the linkage to the HIV care dataset, there were initially 553 complete HIV positive c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,699 Views
13 Pages

Two Types of Size-Biased Samples When Modeling Extreme Phenomena

  • Apostolos Batsidis,
  • George Tzavelas and
  • Polychronis Economou

21 November 2024

The present research deals with two possible sources of bias that arise naturally from the selection procedure when modeling extreme phenomena. More specifically, the first type of bias arises when an r-size-biased sample from a set of maximum values...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,356 Views
13 Pages

19 November 2024

Epidemiological approaches for examining human health responses to environmental exposures in observational studies frequently address confounding by employing advanced matching techniques and statistical methods grounded in conditional likelihood. T...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,595 Views
13 Pages

18 November 2024

Researchers are often interested in how changes in one variable influence changes in a second variable, requiring the repeated measures of two variables. There are several multivariate statistical methods appropriate for this research design, includi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,763 Views
12 Pages

Some Notes on the Gini Index and New Inequality Measures: The nth Gini Index

  • José Manuel Gavilan-Ruiz,
  • África Ruiz-Gándara,
  • Francisco Javier Ortega-Irizo and
  • Luis Gonzalez-Abril

1 November 2024

A new family of inequality indices based on the deviation between the expected maximum and the expected minimum of random samples, called the nth Gini index is presented. These indices generalize the Gini index. At the same time, this family of indic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,184 Views
21 Pages

31 October 2024

Profitability reveals the key financial ratios that ensure the long-term sustainability of an enterprise’s ability to invest in further growth. Without knowledge of the course of development, particularly changes in profitability, enterprises f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,324 Views
18 Pages

31 October 2024

This study examines the bias in weighted least absolute deviation (WL1) estimation within the context of stationary first-order bifurcating autoregressive (BAR(1)) models, which are frequently employed to analyze binary tree-like data, including appl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,968 Views
19 Pages

25 October 2024

Reference intervals are indispensable for the interpretation of medical laboratory results to distinguish “normal” from “pathological” values. Recently, indirect methods have been published, which estimate reference intervals...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,450 Views
15 Pages

19 October 2024

Outliers are typically identified using frequentist methods. The data are classified as “outliers” or “not outliers” based on a test statistic that measures the magnitude of the difference between a value and the majority part...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,613 Views
19 Pages

17 October 2024

We investigate the application of prepivoting in conjunction with lag length selection to correct the size and power performance of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test for a unit root. The bootstrap methodology used to perform the prepivoting is a resid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,591 Views
20 Pages

17 October 2024

The growing interest in data privacy and anonymization presents challenges, as traditional methods such as ordinal discretization often result in information loss by coarsening metric data. Current research suggests that modeling the latent distribut...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,376 Views
17 Pages

Forecasting Mortality Trends: Advanced Techniques and the Impact of COVID-19

  • Asmik Nalmpatian,
  • Christian Heumann and
  • Stefan Pilz

16 October 2024

The objective of this research is to evaluate four distinct models for multi-population mortality projection in order to ascertain the most effective approach for forecasting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality. Utilizing data from the H...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,509 Views
13 Pages

16 October 2024

Correlated binary data in 2 × 2 tables have been analyzed from both the frequentist and Bayesian perspectives, but a fully Bayesian hierarchical model has not yet been proposed. This is a commonly used model for correlated proportions when cons...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,243 Views
18 Pages

Preliminary Test Estimation for Parallel 2-Sampling in Autoregressive Model

  • Syed Ejaz Ahmed,
  • Arsalane Chouaib Guidoum and
  • Sara Bendjeddou

14 October 2024

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problem of estimation and testing the equality of two autoregressive parameters of two first-order autoregressive processes AR(1), where for each process, the observations are made at different time points....

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,568 Views
13 Pages

Mixed Poisson Processes with Dropout for Consumer Studies

  • Andrey Pepelyshev,
  • Irina Scherbakova and
  • Yuri Staroselskiy

13 October 2024

We adapt the classical mixed Poisson process models for investigation of consumer behaviour in a situation where after a random time we can no longer identify a customer despite the customer remaining in the panel and continuing to perform buying act...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,195 Views
29 Pages

11 October 2024

The EU Regional Competitiveness Index 2.0 measures a region’s ability to provide an attractive environment for businesses and residents to work and live. According to this indicator, countries in the southern and eastern regions of the European...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,796 Views
15 Pages

Cross-Country Assessment of Socio-Ecological Drivers of COVID-19 Dynamics in Africa: A Spatial Modelling Approach

  • Kolawole Valère Salako,
  • Akoeugnigan Idelphonse Sode,
  • Aliou Dicko,
  • Eustache Ayédèguè Alaye,
  • Martin Wolkewitz and
  • Romain Glèlè Kakaï

11 October 2024

Understanding how countries’ socio-economic, environmental, health status, and climate factors have influenced the dynamics of COVID-19 is essential for public health, particularly in Africa. This study explored the relationships between Africa...

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Stats - ISSN 2571-905X