Fire, Volume 8, Issue 3

Some of the most catastrophic fire events that have occurred in the western US in recent decades, such as the 2018 Camp Fire in California, were ignited by electric utility infrastructure. As wildfires and fire seasons intensify across the western Un...

For computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling of advanced combustion engines, the cylinder is usually considered a closed system in which the initial conditions are estimated based on the experimental data. Most of these approximations hinder observ...

The effect of a surface coating with an aqueous solution containing a synthetic diammonium hydrogen phosphate fire retardant and vacuum pressure impregnation with a synthetic diammonium hydrogen phosphate fire retardant, potassium acetate, and a natu...

To investigate the propagation of explosion shock waves within a ship’s engine room, a two-story engine room of a cargo ship was selected as the research object. The BlastFOAM solver in OpenFOAM-9 software was utilized to conduct numerical simu...

This study aimed to shorten firefighter search times during indoor fires, allowing more people to be rescued, by enhancing disaster-prevention capabilities using building technologies. In indoor fires, fatalities are often caused by the failure of fi...

Wildfires pose severe threats to terrestrial ecosystems by causing loss of biodiversity, altering landscapes, compromising ecosystem services, and endangering human lives and infrastructure. Chile, with its diverse geography and climate, faces escala...

Firefighters are vulnerable to opioid misuse given the adverse effects their occupation has on mental and physical health. Yet there are limited data on opioid misuse within this population. This study examined the prevalence of illicit prescription...

This study investigates the effectiveness of immersive audiovisual simulations in eliciting emotional responses and replicating the psychological and cognitive demands of high-risk operational environments, particularly in firefighting scenarios. Con...

Underground interconnected tunnels typically have a large curvature and multiple branching structures, which pose a higher fire risk than traditional single-tube tunnels. In this paper, experiments were performed on a reduced-scale tunnel to study th...

Wildfire activity in the western U.S. has highlighted the importance of effective management to address this growing threat. The Lookout Mountain Thinning and Fuels Reduction Study (LMS) is an operational-scale, long-term study of the effects of fore...

Ongoing climate change has intensified fire disturbances in boreal forests globally, posing significant risks to forest ecosystem structure and function, with the potential to trigger major regime shifts. Understanding how environmental factors regul...

This study investigates the buckling performance of built-up cold-formed steel (CFS) columns, with a focus on how different thermal exposures and cooling strategies influence their susceptibility to various failure mechanisms. Addressing the gap in t...

An experimental study was carried out on the ignition and combustion processes of particles (100–200 µm in size) of coals of different degrees of metamorphism and biomass, as well as mixtures based on them, under conditions of conductive...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in buildings must comply with both electrotechnical standards for module safety and local building codes, which typically do not address their electrical nature. This regulatory gap creates challenges in assessing the...

Owing to the demand for smoke and flame detection in natural scenes, this paper proposes a lightweight deep learning model, SF-YOLO (Smoke and Fire-YOLO), for video smoke and flame detection in such environments. Firstly, YOLOv11 is employed as the b...

In this paper, the thermoelectric conversion characteristics of a device combining a TPCT and TGs are studied. The experimental devices consist of four parts: TPCT heat transfer module, cooling and heat dissipation module, thermoelectric power genera...

Many barriers prevent ranchers from supporting prescribed fire on grazing leases or their own land. Barriers include negative perceptions of fire resources limitations, and fear of liability. We surveyed ranching landowners around four National Grass...

The integration of geodiversity elements and contexts into fire management frameworks remains limited due to a lack of actionable tools for assessing geosite sensitivity. This study addresses this gap by developing and testing a mechanistic model to...

Wildfires threaten human health, economies and the environment. Fuel management is a core activity of land managers to reduce the detrimental impacts of wildfires. Land managers also seek to conserve biodiversity within their fuel management programs...

The climatic conditions in southern Italy favor the occurrence and spread of forest fires, with severe long-lasting consequences on the local flora and fauna. On the one hand, biological and chemical in situ measurements are typically used to accurat...

Background: Inhalation of bushfire smoke is a risk to the health of firefighters, particularly across Australia where bushfires are becoming more frequent and intense. This study aimed to use real-time monitoring devices to assess the particle and ch...

Older adults may experience worse wildfire fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) smoke-related health effects due to conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRDs). We evaluated whether wildfire PM_2.5 was associated with acute h...

With the rising adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), fire-related issues have garnered significant attention, prompting extensive research efforts. This study investigates the dispersion of toxic gases generated during EV fires in confined spaces, su...

With the rising frequency and severity of wildfires that cause significant threats to ecosystems, public health and livelihoods, it is essential to have tools for evaluating and monitoring their impacts and the effectiveness of policy initiatives. Th...

The growing intensity and frequency of bushfires across the globe pose serious threats to building safety when it comes to the vulnerability of glass windows. During bushfires, extreme heat can cause significant damage to these windows, creating open...

Frequent and intense grassland fires represent a significant threat to the stability and sustainability of grassland ecosystems. Therefore, understanding the driving factors of grassland fire and the occurrence of fire is key to formulating effective...

The intensity of wildfires has increased dramatically in recent decades; thus, better understanding the impact of land-management efforts in biodiversity conservation on post-wildfire recovery could highlight the value of these interventions. Field a...

In Mediterranean regions, fires are a key ecological factor, altering soil properties, biodiversity, and landscape dynamics. Post-fire recovery varies based on vegetation type, fire severity, and climate conditions. However, the specific relationship...

Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) is extensively applied in multiple applications, including automotive, construction, furniture cushioning, and transportation seating, due to its outstanding mechanical properties, sound absorption, breathable charac...

This research presents a scientifically grounded model designed to enhance the safety protocols for firefighting teams during fire intervention scenarios. The model estimates the maximum allowable exposure duration based on ambient temperature and ra...

In bushfire-prone regions, solid walls and porous fences are commonly employed as mitigation measures against windblown embers (firebrands). This computational study evaluates and compares the performance of a 2 m high solid wall and a 2 m porous fen...

Gas explosions are the most serious type of accident in coal mines in China. This study analyzed 125 gas explosion accidents that occurred between 2010 and 2020. The results showed that the number of gas explosion accidents and deaths in 2010–2...

In response to the escalating frequency and severity of wildfires, this study carried out a preliminary assessment of their impact on groundwater systems by simulating post-fire effects on groundwater recharge. The study focuses on the El Sutó...

Tunnel fires pose a severe threat to human safety and infrastructure, necessitating the development of advanced and efficient fire detection systems. This paper presents a novel lightweight deep learning (DL) model specifically designed for real-time...