Processes, Volume 7, Issue 1

Polyimides with excellent physicochemical properties have aroused a great deal of interest as gas separation membranes; however, the severe performance decay due to CO₂-induced plasticization remains a challenge. Fortunately, in recent years, advance...

Synthetic biology design challenges have driven the use of mathematical models to characterize genetic components and to explore complex design spaces. Traditional approaches to characterization have largely ignored the effect of strain and growth co...

In the production process of coal chemical enterprises, there are factors such as dust, poisons, as well as toxic and harmful gases, which seriously restrict the safety and health of employees. It is urgent to strengthen research on occupational safe...

In this paper, a preliminary study of anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) in presented with the aim to compare the performances of both wet- and dry-type reactors. The treatment of OFMSW via anaerobic digestion (...

This work presents optimization results obtained for a double-effect H₂O-LiBr absorption refrigeration system considering the total cost as minimization criterion, for a wide range of cooling capacity values. As a model result, the sizes of the proce...

This paper presents the experimental results obtained with the non-contact three-dimensional deformation measuring system–ARAMIS and finite element analysis performed using ANSYS of three slabs made of high-performance concrete (HPC) and hybrid...

In the present study, problems in emergency services (ESs) were dealt with by analyzing the working system of ESs in Turkey. The purpose of this study was to reduce the waiting times spent in hospitals by employing advanced nurses (ANs) to treat pati...

Blast furnace slag (BFS) is often used as a cement-based raw material for underground filling and surface cemented paste discharge of tailings during mining processes. This paper studied a new cement-based material (NCM) with BFS to replace ordinary...

To solve the unwieldy problem of coal chemical wastewater reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC), a novel treatment method in which coking coal was used to adsorb the organic from ROC and the adsorption mechanism involved was investigated. The results sho...

Adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) (adenylate)-forming acetyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) catalyzes the formation of acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA), and the ACS family is closely related to the 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL) family. In this study, a 4CL-like gen...

In grouting process, filtration is the retention and adsorption of cement-grout particles in a porous/fractured medium. Filtration partly/even completely blocks the transportation channels in the medium, greatly decreasing its permeability. Taking in...

Removal of hexavalent chromium had attracted much attention as it is a hazardous contaminant. An electrocoagulation-like technology electro-reduction was applied. The chromium (VI) in the wastewater was reduced to chromium (III) by the electron suppl...

In this study, fractal net fins were introduced to improve the melting performance of a thermal energy storage unit. A transient model for melting heat transfer for phase change material (PCM) was presented and numerically analyzed, to study the melt...

In the dehydration process of offshore natural gas production, due to the site limitation of the platform, if the conventional triethylene glycol (TEG) dehydration process is employed, the size of the absorption tower is usually small. However, in th...

This study aims to examine the determinants of catastrophic health expenditure in households with cancer patients by conducting a panel analysis of three-year data. Data are adopted from surveys administered by Korea Health Panel for 2012–2014....

Graphene oxide (GO) was used as a support for manganese oxide (MnO₂) for the preparation of a nanocomposite catalyst for the degradation of an azo dye, Reactive Black 5 (RB5). The nanocomposite was characterized for the structure by XRD, for the morp...

Multiscale systems biology and systems pharmacology are powerful methodologies that are playing increasingly important roles in understanding the fundamental mechanisms of biological phenomena and in clinical applications. In this review, we summariz...

The Lithium-ion battery (Li-ion) has become the dominant energy storage solution in many applications, such as hybrid electric and electric vehicles, due to its higher energy density and longer life cycle. For these applications, the battery should p...

This study presents the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) thermal design and experimental tests results for a multi-tubular solar reactor for hydrogen production based on the ferrite thermochemical cycle in a pilot plant in the Plataforma Solar de A...

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Liquid–liquid two-phase flow in microchannels has attracted much attention, due to the superiority of mass transfer enhancement. One of the biggest unresolved challenges is the low mixing efficiency at the microscale. Suitable mixing efficiency...

The reduced natural waters and the large amount of wastewater produced by textile industry necessitate an effective water reuse treatment. In this study, a combined two-stage water reuse treatment was established to enhance the quality and recovery r...

The effect of the presence of ultra-fines (d < 10 μm) on the fluidization of a bed containing fine particles (d < 100 μm), is the subject of this paper. Practically, it can happen due to breakage or surface abrasion of the fine particles...

The present review retraces the steps of the industrial and agriculture revolution that have taken place up to the present day, giving ideas and considerations for the future. This paper analyses the specific challenges facing agriculture along the f...

The objective of this study is to focus on boric acid extraction from the mineral tincal, in order to determine the optimum conditions thanks to the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) technique (with the response surface methodology (RSM) for the f...

Water pollution is a worldwide problem that needs to be solved urgently and has a significant impact on the efficiency of sustainable cities. The evaluation of water pollution is a Multiple Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) problem and using a MCDM mod...

Dividing wall column (DWC) is an atypical distillation column with an internal, vertical WE partition wall that effectively accommodates two conventional distillation columns into one to improve the thermodynamic efficiency. In previous studies, diff...

The energy consumed by buildings makes up a significant part of total social energy consumption. The energy use rate of the traditional cooling and heating unit is low. A distributed cooling, heating, and power (CHP) system can achieve cascade use of...

Complex propagation patterns of hydraulic fractures often play important roles in naturally fractured formations due to complex mechanisms. Therefore, understanding propagation patterns and the geometry of fractures is essential for hydraulic fractur...

Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology possessing excellent desalination performance and energy efficiency is currently being widely studied in seawater desalination. In this work, the graphene–composite carbon aerogels (GCCAs) easily prepare...

We provide a new method to represent all potential flowsheet configurations for the superstructure-based simultaneous synthesis of work and heat exchanger networks (WHENS). The new representation is based on only two fundamental elements of abstract...

The available energy can be effectively upgraded by adopting smart energy conversion measures. The biodegradability of biomass can be improved by employing pretreatment techniques; however, such methods result in reduced energy efficiency. In this st...

Excitable biological cells, such as cardiac muscle cells, can exhibit complex patterns of oscillations such as spiking and bursting. Moreover, it is well known that an enhancement in calcium currents may yield certain kind of cardiac arrhythmia, so-c...

Lemongrass is a plant that contains aromatic compounds (myrcene and limonene), powerful deodorants, and antimicrobial compounds (citral and geraniol). Identifying a suitable drying model for the material is crucial for establishing an initial step fo...

The disposal of end-of-life printed circuit boards (PCBs) comprising cross-linked brominated epoxy resins, glass fiber, and metals has attracted considerable attention from the environmental aspect. In this study, valuable resources, especially organ...

In order to support the development of early career researchers involved in chemical and biological process/systems engineering, Processes launched the second Travel Awards for Post-doctoral Fellows and Ph. [...]

Background—Polymer rapid tooling (PRT) inserts for injection molding (IM) are a cost-effective method for prototyping and low-volume manufacturing. However, PRT inserts lack the robustness of steel inserts, leading to progressive deterioration...

At the beginning, this article details the manufacturing procedures for varistor materials. Starting from the initial composition of two large series of varistors (those with two additive oxides and those with five additive oxides), there is a major...

Understanding the transport behavior of fluid molecules in confined spaces is central to the design of innovative processes involving porous materials and is indispensable to the correlation of process behavior with the material structure and propert...

The Special Issue “Feature Papers for Celebrating the Fifth Anniversary of the Founding of Processes” represents a landmark for this open access journal covering chemical, biological, materials, pharmaceutical, and environmental systems a...

In earlier work (Silva et al., 2016; Soh et al., 2014a; Soh et al., 2015), the supercritical CO₂ transesterification of triolein to methyl-oleate using Nafion solid-acid catalyst and large methanol/triolein molar feed ratios was carried out. Herein,...

The characteristics of the pore structure and gas migration in soft coalbeds are the premise of evaluating gas discharge in soft coalbeds. To explore the pore structure characteristics of soft coal masses, the No. 5 soft coalbed in the eastern zone o...

The need to transition to more sustainable and renewable technology has resulted in a focus on cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and nanocrystals (CNCs) as one of the materials of the future with potential for replacing currently used synthetic materials....

The primary frequency modulation (PFM) performance of a power control system (PCS) is an important factor affecting the security and stability of a power grid. The traditional control method is proportional integral (PI) control. In order to improve...

With the advent of effective immunotherapies to battle cancers and diseases, an obstacle in recovery has become the potential side effects, specifically cytokine release syndrome (CRS). As there is little quantitative understanding of risks for devel...

Mixing is considered as a critical process parameter (CPP) during process development due to its significant influence on reaction selectivity and process safety. Nevertheless, mixing issues are difficult to identify and solve owing to their complexi...

The modal injection mechanism ensures the exponential convergence of an observer in a continuous tubular reactor in dependence with the system parameters, the sensor location, and the observer gains. In this paper, it is shown that by simple consider...

Trailing oil is the tail section of contamination in oil pipelines. It is generated in batch transportation, for which one fluid, such as diesel oil follows another fluid, such as gasoline, and it has an effect on the quality of oil. This paper descr...

In this study, a control strategy is aimed to ensure the settling time of a 2nd order system’s output value while its input reference value is changed. Here, Feed Forward Artificial Neural Network (FFANN) nonlinear structure has been chosen as...

The consolidation process of soil stratum is a common issue in geotechnical engineering. In this paper, the two-dimensional (2D) plane strain consolidation process of unsaturated soil was studied by incorporating vertical impeded drainage boundaries....