Children, Volume 7, Issue 11

In the past decade, converging evidence has suggested that motor impairment is one of the most consistent markers, alongside sociocommunicative difficulties, for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Indeed, widespread anomalies of movement have been descr...

Recurrent pain is a common experience in childhood and adolescence and can result in significant disability in youth, including poor quality of life, school absences, and reduced social activities. Evidence has linked adolescent risk and resilience f...

Modified constraint-induced movement therapy (mCIMT) is efficient at improving upper limb non-use. The experiences of families and children with mCIMT could allow researchers to understand how it influences their day-to-day life and to improve the fu...

In patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), death secondary to cardiac or respiratory failure typically occurs in the second or third decade without treatment. Although cardiac dysfunction is treated with standard heart-failure strategies, it...

Background: Among youth with chronic non-cancer pain, 50% have parents with chronic pain. These youth report significantly more pain interference and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and worse health-related quality of life (HRQL) than youth who...

In 2008, the Pediatric Initiative on Methods, Measurement, and Pain Assessment in Clinical Trials (PedIMMPACT) published a consensus statement that recognized the dearth of research surrounding the topic of children’s satisfaction with acute pa...

Anesthesiology is one of the leading medical specialties in patient safety. Pediatric anesthesiology is inherently higher risk than adult anesthesia due to differences in the physiology in children. In this review, we aimed to describe the highest yi...

Background: Sensory integration (SI) issues are widely described in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), impacting in their daily life and occupations. To improve their quality of life and occupational performance, we need to improve clinical...

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by chronic, spontaneous and provoked pain of the distal extremities whose severity is disproportionate to the triggering event. Diagnosis and treatment are still debated and multidisc...

Parental attitudes regarding pain interventions and perceptions of their child’s pain intensity likely influence the decision to administer postoperative analgesics. Our study examined the impact of daily fluctuations in child pain intensity an...

Background: Patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or other mental or physical limitations experience an imbalance in the frequency of dental treatment as compared with the general patient population, in part, due to inadequate pre-graduate tra...

There is tremendous variation in costs of delivering health care, whether by country, hospital, or patient. However, the questions remain: what costs are reasonable? How does spending affect patient outcomes? We look to explore the relationship betwe...

Over 20 million children under 5 years old in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region have stunted growth, as a result of chronic malnutrition, with damaging long-term consequences for individuals and societies. This review extracted and analyzed data f...

Cyberbullying is a global problem with significant negative implications, especially among more vulnerable populations, such as adolescents. Previous research suggested that cyberbullying is significantly associated with depression, and anxiety seems...

Dyslipidemia is one of the important influencing factors of cardiovascular health in the youth, and thus, assessment of its etiology is important. We aimed to investigate the association of dyslipidemia with vitamin D and physical activity in Korean...

Quality of life of parents of children with chronic disease is important for disease self-management. This study aimed to identify predictors of quality of life among mothers of children with type 1 diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted. A...

The prevalence of childhood obesity continues to increase. Screen time, one of the most documented reasons for the obesogenic environment, enhances childhood obesity, since advertisements for unhealthy food products are still broadcast on channels fo...

School-based multi-component physical activity (PA) promotion is advocated; however, research has indicated that a multi-component approach may not always be effective at increasing adolescent PA. Evaluation of the GoActive 12-week multi-component sc...

The aim of this study was to examine potential child-level and day-level factors of accelerometer-measured sedentary time in a sample of rural Canadian children. Children (n = 86) from rural Northwestern Ontario participated in this study. Children&r...

Pediatric anesthesiology is a subspecialty of anesthesiology that deals with the high-risk pediatric population. The specialty has made significant advancement in large collaborative efforts to study and increase patient safety, including the creatio...

Febrile seizure (FS) is a common benign seizure disorder of young children. Although upper respiratory tract infection is the cause of fever in most episodes of FS, studies to identify respiratory viruses using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (...

Background: Although fracture displacement in children is easily treated by cast wedging, no data on pain associated with the procedure are available. We hypothesized that there is no clinically relevant difference in pain before and after cast wedgi...

Background: Long-term negative sequelae of esophageal atresia (EA) may induce poor growth and impaired nutritional status in childhood. We describe the nutritional profile and energy metabolism of children with repaired EA to identify malnutrition ri...

Background: To save assessment time and improve the efficiency, it is necessary to find sensitive indicators from the test items of gross motor development in the C-LAP system for children aged 24~36 months and analyze the influencing factors of the...

It may be difficult to diagnose congenital osseous torticollis based on physical examinations or plain X-rays, especially when children have no other accompanying congenital defects. This study reports the children with torticollis caused by the vert...

Early childhood is a key period for children to begin developing and practicing fundamental movement skills (FMS), while aiming to perform sufficient physical activity (PA). This study reviews the current evidence for the levels of achievement in FMS...

This study aims to examine the differences in family environment, psychological distress, and disordered eating symptomatology between children classified by weight status with or without loss of control (LOC) eating and to test a model of the role o...

A parent’s perspective on pulmonary vein stenosis through the experience of two children with the disease.

Considerable progress has been made in the understanding and treatment of paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS); how this has translated into more effective care is less well understood. Here, we evaluate how recent advances have affected patien...

Precocious puberty, resulting in various physical, mental, and social changes, may have negative consequences for children and their families. In this study, we investigated whether there were differences between parental obesity, children’s an...

(1) Background: Adolescence is a transient period from childhood to adulthood, which is characterized by rapid physical growth and psychological changes, including sleep. Because the relationship between insufficient sleep and obesity has been observ...

Background: High resolution manometry (HRM), has been recently introduced in clinical practice to detect esophageal intraluminal pressure and esophageal motor function. We evaluated the feasibility and usefulness of intraoperative esophageal HRM duri...

Observational studies from large datasets are becoming more common in neonatology. In this review, we highlight the importance of the denominator in study design and interpretation including examples of bias from source data, weight-based categories,...

Nepal is among the world’s poorest countries, and it is the third-poorest country in the South Asian region. Asia has the largest number of orphans in the world; in Nepal there are around 13,281 orphan children. The objective of this study is t...

The integration of virtual acoustic environments (VAEs) with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) offers novel avenues to investigate behavioral and neural processes of speech-in-noise (SIN) comprehension in complex auditory scenes. Particul...

Malnutrition is caused either by cancer itself or by its treatment, and affects the clinical outcome, the quality of life (QOL), and the overall survival (OS) of the patient. However, malnutrition in children with cancer should not be accepted or tol...

Anesthesiologists and other acute care physicians perform and interpret portable ultrasonography—point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS)—at a child’s bedside, in the perioperative period. In addition to the established procedural use for central line and ne...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic connective-tissue disorder with bone fragility. To avoid iatrogenic fractures, healthcare providers have traditionally avoided using non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) cuffs and extremity tourniquets in...

Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis can be present in different rare diseases, and the differential diagnosis of these forms is challenging. Apparent mineralcorticoid (AME) excess syndrome is one of these conditions. Characterized by increased blood...

Caudal Regression Syndrome (CRS) or Caudal dysgenesis syndrome (CDS) is characterized by maldevelopment of the caudal half of the body with variable involvement of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary, skeletal, and nervous systems. CRS affects 1&ndas...

Fractional tissue oxygen extraction (FTOE) by means of cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) provides information about oxygen uptake in the brain. Experimental animal data suggest that sedative agents decrease cerebral oxygen demand. The aim of...

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an immune-mediated central nervous system (CNS) disorder, characterized by polyfocal symptoms, encephalopathy and typical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, that especially affects young children...

The physical activity levels of children in Australia are critically low and correlate with reduced academic achievement and poor health outcomes. Schools provide an ideal setting for physical activity interventions to help children move more. Instea...

Validated diagnostic tools to diagnose chronic neuropathic and mixed pain in children are missing. Therapeutic options are often derived from therapeutics for adults. To investigate the international practice amongst practitioners for the diagnosis a...

Eruption disturbances in permanent mandibular first molars (PM1s) are uncommon. This retrospective study aimed to investigate differences in the position of the mandibular canal in relation to PM1s, with or without, eruption disturbances. Panoramic a...

Extensive neonatal resuscitation is a high acuity, low-frequency event accounting for approximately 1% of births. Neonatal resuscitation requires an interprofessional healthcare team to communicate and carry out tasks efficiently and effectively in a...

Congenital syphilis still represents a worldwide public health problem. If left untreated, it can lead to fetal demise and high neonatal morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, in the last decade, there has been a resurgence of cases in the U.S. This...

The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the shape of the anteriorposterior spinal curvature and body composition in schoolchildren. The study included 257 children, aged 11–12. Correct spinal curvature was established in 106...

Body temperature (BT) management remains a challenge in neonatal intensive care, especially during resuscitation after birth. Our aim is to analyze whether there is an association between the BT and cerebral and peripheral tissue oxygen saturation (c...

Adverse thromboembolic events following administration of the anti-fibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid (TA), used to prevent/treat excessive blood loss, are rare. We present the clinical course of two young patients (22 and 56 months) receiving busulf...