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Biomedicines, Volume 10, Issue 1

January 2022 - 197 articles

Cover Story: In space, astronauts are subjected to a prolonged state of microgravity that induces a myriad of physiological adaptations. Human spaceflight is associated with several cardiovascular risk factors that induce multiple structural and functional changes. Upon entering microgravity, cephalad fluid shift occurs and increases the stroke volume and cardiac output. Despite this increase, astronauts enter a state of hypovolemia. The absence of orthostatic pressure and a decrease in arterial pressures reduces the workload of the heart and is believed to be the underlying mechanism for the development of cardiac atrophy in space. In addition, parasympathetic overactivity and blood anemia are observed inflight, while orthostatic intolerance is a remarkable feature postflight. View this paper
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Articles (197)

  • Review
  • Open Access
29 Citations
7,652 Views
16 Pages

Unveiling the Role of the Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 in the Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease

  • Juan Moreno-Vedia,
  • Josefa Girona,
  • Daiana Ibarretxe,
  • Lluís Masana and
  • Ricardo Rodríguez-Calvo

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), the main cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, is a progressive disease ranging from fatty liver to steatohepatitis (metabolic-associated steatohepatitis; MASH). Nevertheless, it remains underdiag...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,085 Views
12 Pages

Neuroprotective Effects of Novel Treatments on Acute Optic Neuritis—A Meta-Analysis

  • Tsung-Hsien Tsai,
  • Chao-Wen Lin,
  • Li-Wei Chan,
  • Teck-Boon Tew and
  • Ta-Ching Chen

Optic neuritis, inflammation of the optic nerve, can cause visual impairment through retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) degeneration. Optical coherence tomography could serve as a sensitive noninvasive tool for measuring RNFL thickness and evaluating t...

  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
5,592 Views
21 Pages

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections are among the major public health concerns worldwide with more than 250 million of chronically ill individuals. Many of them are additionally infected with the Hepatitis D virus, a satellite virus to HBV. Chronic in...

  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
6,900 Views
16 Pages

Selective Isolation of Liver-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Redefines Performance of miRNA Biomarkers for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

  • Lauren A. Newman,
  • Zivile Useckaite,
  • Jillian Johnson,
  • Michael J. Sorich,
  • Ashley M. Hopkins and
  • Andrew Rowland

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. Definitive diagnosis of the progressive form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), requires liver biopsy, which is highly invasive and unsuited to early disease or t...

  • Review
  • Open Access
23 Citations
10,768 Views
33 Pages

Detailed Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Drug-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: An Update

  • Laura Giuseppina Di Pasqua,
  • Marta Cagna,
  • Clarissa Berardo,
  • Mariapia Vairetti and
  • Andrea Ferrigno

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are some of the biggest public health challenges due to their spread and increasing incidence around the world. NAFLD is characterized by intrahepatic lipid deposition...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,125 Views
13 Pages

Effects of Alirocumab on Triglyceride Metabolism: A Fat-Tolerance Test and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study

  • Thomas Metzner,
  • Deborah R. Leitner,
  • Karin Mellitzer,
  • Andrea Beck,
  • Harald Sourij,
  • Tatjana Stojakovic,
  • Gernot Reishofer,
  • Winfried März,
  • Ulf Landmesser and
  • Hubert Scharnagl
  • + 2 authors

Background: PCSK9 antibodies strongly reduce LDL cholesterol. The effects of PCSK9 antibodies on triglyceride metabolism are less pronounced. The present study aimed to investigate in detail the effects of alirocumab on triglycerides, triglyceride-ri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,666 Views
8 Pages

Pretherapeutic Serum Albumin as an Outcome Prognosticator in Head and Neck Adenoid-Cystic Carcinoma

  • Marlene Friedl,
  • Stefan Stoiber,
  • Faris F. Brkic and
  • Lorenz Kadletz-Wanke

Background: A head and neck adenoid-cystic carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor arising from the salivary gland tissues. The long-term survival outcome is poor due to a high risk of recurrences and distant metastasis. The identification of prognostic...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,065 Views
8 Pages

Kawasaki disease (KD) refers to systemic vasculitis of medium-sized vessels accompanied by fever. The multifunctional protein apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease-1/redox factor-1 (APE1/Ref-1) is a new biomarker for vascular inflammation. Here, we inve...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,065 Views
17 Pages

Activation of STAT and SMAD Signaling Induces Hepcidin Re-Expression as a Therapeutic Target for β-Thalassemia Patients

  • Hanan Kamel M. Saad,
  • Alawiyah Awang Abd Rahman,
  • Azly Sumanty Ab Ghani,
  • Wan Rohani Wan Taib,
  • Imilia Ismail,
  • Muhammad Farid Johan,
  • Abdullah Saleh Al-Wajeeh and
  • Hamid Ali Nagi Al-Jamal

Iron homeostasis is regulated by hepcidin, a hepatic hormone that controls dietary iron absorption and plasma iron concentration. Hepcidin binds to the only known iron export protein, ferroportin (FPN), which regulates its expression. The major facto...

  • Article
  • Open Access
33 Citations
11,830 Views
13 Pages

Penetration of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein across the Blood–Brain Barrier, as Revealed by a Combination of a Human Cell Culture Model System and Optical Biosensing

  • Dániel Petrovszki,
  • Fruzsina R. Walter,
  • Judit P. Vigh,
  • Anna Kocsis,
  • Sándor Valkai,
  • Mária A. Deli and
  • András Dér

Since the outbreak of the global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), several clinical aspects of the disease have come into attention. Besides its primary route of infection through the respiratory system, SARS-CoV...

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Biomedicines - ISSN 2227-9059