Universe, Volume 12, Issue 10

We examine slow magnetoacoustic disturbances in a local, isothermal, gravitationally stratified two-fluid model. The charged and neutral components have separate kinematic viscosities and are coupled by ion–neutral friction. Using a consistent...

Galaxy rotation curves alone do not provide a decisive test between dark matter and phenomenological alternatives. We examine four isolated SPARC galaxies for which resolved rotation curves and weak-lensing constraints provide a useful test of the $\mathrm{\&k}$...

In this paper, we review the impact of a strong magnetic field on the neutral two-flavor color superconducting (2SC) phase of dense quark matter. Using a Nambu–Jona–Lasinio (NJL) model approach in the mean-field approximation, we first so...

We derive and present visual and geometric representations of the Schwarzschild metric. The analysis spans classical (tortoise, Kruskal) and compact pulsating (diamond) coordinates. Building upon a reduced radial minisuperspace formulation of Schwarz...

The relation between an observed signal and its microscopic interpretation remains a central problem in high-energy nuclear and particle physics [...]

The apsidal motion in close eccentric binaries has long been known as a powerful means to unveil the internal structure of stars. It originates mostly from the tidal interactions that occur between the two stars through the internal stellar structure...

Spin inversions appear in several settings. Analytical work predicts a single spin flip during unequal-mass supermassive binary inspiral, while numerical relativity and post-Newtonian calculations show repeated flip-flop motion in comparable-mass bin...

We present a controlled proof-of-concept study of gravitational lensing in the Bullet Cluster (1E 0657-56, $z_d=0.296$) under the Covarying Coupling Constants plus Tired Light (CCC+TL) cosmology. Using a JWST spectroscopic catalogue of 219 confirmed clu...

We investigate the background dynamics of cubic Geometric Inflation coupled with radiation and a minimally coupled canonical scalar field with an exponential potential, using the cubic truncation as a minimal test of geometric-to-scalar inflationary...

We investigate Ricci almost solitons (RASs) associated with four-dimensional spherically symmetric static spacetimes. Starting from the general static spherically symmetric metric, the Ricci almost soliton equation is reduced to an overdetermined sys...

This study presents Solar Cycle (SC) 25 (2020–2025) results from the homogeneous Kanzelhöhe Solar Observatory (KSO) catalogue project and completes the analysis of SCs 19–25. Only SC18 remains to be processed before the catalogue is...

We present a short-timescale multiwavelength timing study of the symbiotic recurrent nova T Coronae Borealis (T CrB), based on Swift/X-Ray Telescope (XRT), Swift/UltraViolet Optical Telescope (UVOT), and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) o...

We explore a model in which the observed FLRW cosmology admits a finite global completion and ask how this affects prospects for testing quantum gravity. A finite overdense region embedded in a larger background can collapse gravitationally, providin...

In this work, we investigate the structure of the gravitational field and the Friedmann equations in a Sasaki–Randers spacetime, incorporating dark matter and dark energy within the Lorentz tangent bundle of spacetime. Additional terms arising...

The LHC has recently completed its Run 3 data taking, marking the transition toward the High-Luminosity LHC era. While searches for physics beyond the Standard Model have already excluded many models at TeV scales, further gains from luminosity alone...

This work investigates the thermodynamics of non-stationary anti-de Sitter (adS) black holes and their gauge-gravity duals. To model a non-equilibrium process, we employ a time-dependent Vaidya-adS metric to describe the collapse of a null fluid and...

We consider the effects of radiative corrections in Starobinsky-like models of inflation, concentrating on models of inflation formulated in $N=1$ no-scale supergravity. Inflaton couplings with matter fields are necessary for reheating and these have a...

A dual-alkali single-cell ⁸⁷Rb–³⁹K–³He comagnetometer can read an axion-like dark matter signal through two optical rotation channels, encoding the ratio $\mathcal{R}={\xi }_n/{\xi }_p$ of the field’s neutron and proton spin couplings in their relati...

We present GalSpecCNN, a probabilistic deep-learning framework for estimating fiber-scale stellar mass ($M_{*}$) and specific star formation rate (sSFR) from LAMOST galaxy spectra. The model uses a one-dimensional convolutional neural network to extract s...

White dwarfs (WDs) represent the final evolutionary stage of low- to intermediate-mass stars. They are among the most abundant compact objects in the Milky Way. Large-scale WD surveys are therefore essential for probing stellar evolution and galactic...

Astronomical image interpretation requires not only visual perception, but also familiarity with domain-specific representations, observational conventions, and astrophysical reasoning. Although recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have sh...

A complete classification is conducted of the exact solutions of Maxwell vacuum equations for invariant electromagnetic fields in null homogeneous Petrov spaces with non-solvable groups of motions $G_3$, acting simply transitively on null hypersurfaces...

We present a plane-of-sky observational analysis of a solar eruptive event that occurred on 2 September 2023. The flare peaked at approximately 07:00 UT, closely aligning with the impulsive acceleration phase of the erupting flux rope, which accelera...

Several minimal-length constructions deform the spacetime metric conformally at leading order, ${\tilde{g}}_{\mu \nu }=C\left(x\right)g_{\mu \nu }$. We ask which observables can register such a deformation. The two structural results rest on standard properties of conform...

Ground-based whole-sky imagers provide cloud cover data to determine solar observing conditions. Deep segmentation models exceed 0.87 mean intersection-over-union (IoU, shared area over union) on public benchmarks, but need not transfer to an operati...

The solar cycle (SC) is an important timescale for describing the long-term evolution of solar activity, and understanding its evolutionary patterns is of great significance for space weather research and related applications. However, due to the com...

Redshifted 21 cm observations can trace neutral hydrogen from Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization to lower-redshift large-scale structure, but foreground emission exceeds the cosmological fluctuations by several orders of magnitude. This review...

We study an effective quantum cosmological model with a scale-dependent gravitational coupling $G\left(a\right)$. Starting from a Newtonian cosmological construction inspired by a corrected two-body gravitational potential, we derive an effective Friedmann-type e...