Antibiotics, Volume 13, Issue 12

Background: The identification of novel bacterial species from the intestines of yaks residing on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is pivotal in advancing our understanding of host–microbiome interactions and represents a promising avenue for mi...

Background/Objective: Tedizolid (TZD), an oxazolidinone, causes fewer adverse events than linezolid (LZD). However, studies on the long-term efficacy and safety of TZD, particularly in patients with hematological malignancies (HMs), remain limited. T...

Background/Objectives: Endophthalmitis is an intraocular microbial infection that can lead to permanent blindness, even with prompt anti-microbial therapy. Multi-drug-resistant organisms are on the rise, potentially limiting the efficacy of current e...

Background/Objectives: The One Health approach is crucial for managing and controlling the spread of antimicrobial resistance. Frederiksenia canicola is a recently identified bacterial species that seems to be a component of the oral microbiota of do...

Background: This study investigates bacterial etiology and antibiotic resistance in pediatric leukemia patients to determine the impact of chronic pathology on treatment efficacy. Methods: Thirty cases of children aged 1–16 years (18 boys, 12 g...

Background/Objectives: Sepsis, a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, remains a major challenge in ICUs. This study evaluated whether combining haemoadsorption therapy with continuous renal replaceme...

Background: In recent years, significant resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics has been observed. A biofilm is a structure that significantly aids the survival of the microbial population and also significantly affects its resistance. Methods:...

Despite MCT oil’s potential antimicrobial benefits for gastrointestinal health, its effects on disrupting cariogenic pathogens on oral mucosal surfaces remain underexplored. This study evaluated the impact of MCT oil on the adhesion and invasio...

Background/Objectives: Reptiles are known reservoirs for members of the Enterobacterales. We investigated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns, the diversity of extended-spectrum-/AmpC-β-lactamases (ESBL/AmpC) genes and the genomic organizati...

Background/Objectives: Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the third most common sexually transmitted infection (STI), which may become untreatable soon if resistance continues to drastically increase. Due to increases in resistance to recommended antibiot...

Biofilms are structured microbial communities that adhere to various abiotic and biotic surfaces, where organisms are encased in an exo-polysaccharide matrix. Organisms within biofilms use various mechanisms that help them resist external challenges,...

Background/objectives: Vancomycin is commonly used in the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), and trough concentrations are measured to ascertain that they are within the therapeutic range. It has not been investigated what proportion...

Bacterial attachment and biofilm formation are associated with the contamination and fouling at several locations in a washing machine, which is a particularly complex environment made from a range of metal, polymer, and rubber components. Microorgan...

Background/Objectives: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are a global health threat due to their high morbidity and mortality rates and limited treatment options. This study examines the plasmid-mediated transmission of virulence and antibi...

Background: Chemical debridement is a fundamental step during the surgical treatment of both acute and chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). However, there is no consensus on the optimal solution, nor is there sufficient evidence on the optim...

Rifampin is a crucial antibiotic in the management of prosthetic joint infections (PJI), particularly due to its effectiveness against staphylococcal bacteria and its ability to penetrate and disrupt biofilms. This review evaluates rifampin’s r...

Background/Objectives: There is an urgent need for new and improved anthelmintics that are not constrained by existing resistance pathways and that can safeguard the health and welfare of animals. Methods: An integrated platform of chemical, bioassay...

Background/Objectives: Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) in Enterobacterales and other Gram-negative organisms pose significant public health threats due to their association with multidrug resistance (MDR). Although aztreonam (AZT) can target MBL-pro...

Background/Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing threat that undermines the effectiveness of global healthcare. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization have identified numerous microbial orga...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified concerns over bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance, particularly in Romania. This systematic review explores bacterial infection patterns and resistance during the pandemic to address cri...

Background and Objectives: Diabetes is linked to a higher risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women, often leading to recurrent antibiotic treatments. Frequent antibiotic use for UTIs can contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR), a critica...

Background/Objectives: The high recurrence rate of bacterial vaginosis (BV) after antibiotic treatment is at least partially attributed to resistant bacteria. The CAPRISA 083 (CAP083) study investigated the influence of metronidazole (MTZ) treatment...

Background: Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels vary depending on radiological and bacteriological findings at the time of tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. However, the utility of this biomarker in monitoring response to anti-TB treatment and identifyi...

Background: In hospital- and community-acquired central nervous system infections, resistant Gram-positive bacteria are an increasing therapeutic challenge. The present approach does not attempt to identify rapidly bactericidal therapies for suscepti...

Background/Objectives: While new methods for measuring antimicrobial susceptibility have been associated with improved patient outcomes, they should also be validated using standard protocols for error rates and other test metrics. The objective of t...

In the face of rising the threat of resistant pathogens, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer a viable alternative to the current challenge due to their broad-spectrum activity. This study focuses on enhancing the efficacy of temporin-SHa derived NST-...

The indole nucleus stands out as a pharmacophore, among other aromatic heterocyclic compounds with remarkable therapeutic properties, such as benzimidazole, pyridine, quinoline, benzothiazole, and others. Moreover, a series of recent studies refer to...

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, especially Escherichia coli, are a major contributor to healthcare-associated infections globally, posing significant treatment challenges. This study explores the efficacy of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EG...

Vancomycin-variable enterococci (VVE), though genetically containing van genes, are phenotypically sensitive to vancomycin. If VVE is undetected or does not grow on the vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) selection medium, or both, it can acquire...

The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) population, especially low birth weight and critically ill neonates, is at risk of invasive Candida infections, which are associated with high mortality rates and unfavorable long-term outcomes. The timely init...

Background/Objectives: Animals destined for human consumption play a key role in potentially transmitting bacteria carrying antibiotic resistance genes. However, there is limited knowledge about the carriage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in native...

Background: L2 is formed by combining the pheromone of Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) and a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) with cell-penetrating selectivity. L2 has more significant penetration and better specificity for killing S. agalacti...

Background. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and asymptomatic bacteriurias (ABU) represent a large field of interest for antimicrobial stewardship programmes especially after 2020 EUCAST update in antimicrobial susceptibility testing interpretation an...

Introduction: Despite the advancements in diagnostic methods and antibiotic treatment, empyema is a critical respiratory infection, showing a high mortality rate of 10–25%. Patients and Methods: To evaluate the bacterial etiology and prognostic...

Background/Objectives: Evaluating antimicrobial use (AMU) is essential in the investigation and implementation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) prevention measures. Here, we examined AMU using an index (mg/kg biomass) that considers the antimicrobia...

Background and Objectives: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and, in particular, machine learning (ML) techniques is growing rapidly in the healthcare field. Their application in pharmacokinetics is of potential interest due to the need to rela...

Background/Objectives: Previously, we reported that 3-O-alkyl difluoroquercetins (di-F-Q) potentiates the antimicrobial activity of aztreonam (ATM) against metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing P. aeruginosa through simultaneous inhibition of MBLs...

The antimicrobial concentration–time profile in humans affects antimicrobial activity, and as such, it is critical for preclinical infection models to simulate human-like dynamic concentration–time profiles for maximal translatability. Th...

Background/Objectives: The widespread use of antibiotics, which wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) cannot fully remove, in human and veterinary medicine leads to their release into wastewater, resulting in the contamination of aquatic environments....

The utilization of nano-sized drug delivery systems in herbal drug delivery systems has a promising future for improving drug effectiveness and overcoming issues connected with herbal medicine. As a consequence, the use of nanocarriers as novel drug...

Objectives: The early identification of infection-causing microorganisms through multiplex PCR panels enables prompt and targeted antibiotic therapy. This study aimed to assess the performance of the BioFire^® Joint Infection Panel (BF-JIP) in ana...

The prevalence of resistance in Gram-positive bacterial infections is rapidly rising, presenting a pressing global challenge for both healthcare systems and economies. The WHO categorizes these bacteria into critical, high, and medium priority groups...

Background: Whole genome sequencing of clinical bacterial isolates holds promise in predicting their susceptibility to antibiotic therapy, based on a detailed understanding of the phenotypic manifestation of genotypic variation. The aac(6′) ami...

Background/Objectives: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can cause cases of community-acquired pneumonia, hospital-acquired pneumonia, and ventilator-associated pneumonia, and nasal colonization with this pathogen increases the risk...

Background: The global spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most significant challenges of our generation. It is crucial to continuously monitor AMR, not only by investigating clinical, pathogenic strains but also by monitor...

Background: Infections caused by S. aureus strains encoding Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL-SA) have become increasingly relevant in community settings and can cause severe conditions in pediatric populations. We present the pediatric case of...

Background: Plant-derived phytochemicals are crucial in fighting bacterial infections and in cancer therapy. Objective: This study investigates the phytochemical composition of the ethanolic extract obtained from Caralluma indica (C. indica) seeds an...

Objectives: Aminoglycosides are one of the first classes of natural antibiotics which have not lost relevance due to their broad spectrum of action against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and mycobacteria. The high growth rate of antimicrobial...

Purpose: Our aim was to investigate risk factors, clinical characteristics, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of cornea-isolated Streptococcus species collected at a tertiary hospital in China over 18 years. Methods: This retrospective study rev...

Background: The misuse of antibiotics in both humans and food-producing animals poses significant risks to human health and contributes to the rise of antibiotic resistance. Raising public awareness is crucial to managing antibiotic resistance, parti...